Peptidylarginine Deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis Modulates the Interactions between Candida albicans Biofilm and Human Plasminogen and High-Molecular-Mass Kininogen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Citrullination of Fungal Surface-Exposed Proteins on the Binding of Human Plasma Proteins to C. albicans Hyphae
2.2. Effects of HPG and HK Citrullination on Their Binding to C. albicans Hyphae
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Growth Conditions for Bacterial and Fungal Cultures
4.2. Biotinylation of Human Proteins
4.3. Modification of C. albicans Surface Proteins by Bacterial Enzymes
4.3.1. Identification of Proteins Secreted by P. gingivalis into the Culture Medium
4.3.2. Growth of C. albicans Cells in Media Collected after Culture of P. gingivalis
4.3.3. Incubation of C. albicans Cells with PPAD from P. gingivalis
4.4. Cell Surface Shaving with Trypsin and Identification of C. albicans Proteins Modified by PPAD
4.5. Analysis of the Modifications of Human Proteins by Bacterial PPAD
4.6. Binding of HPG-Bt and HK-Bt to C. albicans Cells Pre-Treated with Bacterial Enzymes
4.7. Binding of Citrullinated HPG and HK to C. albicans Cells
4.8. Plasmin Activity Assay
4.9. Competitive Radioreceptor Assay for Kinins
4.10. Kinin Degradation by Carboxypeptidase M
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
BK | bradykinin |
B1R | kinin receptor B1 |
B2R | kinin receptor B2 |
CPM | carboxypeptidase M |
HK | high-molecular-mass kininogen |
HK-Bt | biotinylated high-molecular-mass kininogen |
HPG | plasminogen |
HPG-Bt | biotinylated plasminogen |
HPLC | high performance liquid chromatography |
HRgpA | gingipain R |
Kgp | gingipain K |
LC-MS/MS | liquid chromatography coupled-tandem mass spectrometry |
PPAD | peptidylarginine deiminase |
SA-HRP/TMB | streptavidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase/ 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine |
SAPs | secreted aspartyl proteases |
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Karkowska-Kuleta, J.; Surowiec, M.; Gogol, M.; Koziel, J.; Potempa, B.; Potempa, J.; Kozik, A.; Rapala-Kozik, M. Peptidylarginine Deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis Modulates the Interactions between Candida albicans Biofilm and Human Plasminogen and High-Molecular-Mass Kininogen. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072495
Karkowska-Kuleta J, Surowiec M, Gogol M, Koziel J, Potempa B, Potempa J, Kozik A, Rapala-Kozik M. Peptidylarginine Deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis Modulates the Interactions between Candida albicans Biofilm and Human Plasminogen and High-Molecular-Mass Kininogen. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(7):2495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072495
Chicago/Turabian StyleKarkowska-Kuleta, Justyna, Magdalena Surowiec, Mariusz Gogol, Joanna Koziel, Barbara Potempa, Jan Potempa, Andrzej Kozik, and Maria Rapala-Kozik. 2020. "Peptidylarginine Deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis Modulates the Interactions between Candida albicans Biofilm and Human Plasminogen and High-Molecular-Mass Kininogen" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 7: 2495. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072495