Zinc Homeostasis in Bone: Zinc Transporters and Bone Diseases
1
Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
2
Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(4), 1236; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041236
Received: 10 January 2020 / Revised: 2 February 2020 / Accepted: 4 February 2020 / Published: 12 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zinc Biology 2019)
Zinc is an essential micronutrient that plays critical roles in numerous physiological processes, including bone homeostasis. The majority of zinc in the human body is stored in bone. Zinc is not only a component of bone but also an essential cofactor of many proteins involved in microstructural stability and bone remodeling. There are two types of membrane zinc transporter proteins identified in mammals: the Zrt- and Irt-like protein (ZIP) family and the zinc transporter (ZnT) family. They regulate the influx and efflux of zinc, accounting for the transport of zinc through cellular and intracellular membranes to maintain zinc homeostasis in the cytoplasm and in intracellular compartments, respectively. Abnormal function of certain zinc transporters is associated with an imbalance of bone homeostasis, which may contribute to human bone diseases. Here, we summarize the regulatory roles of zinc transporters in different cell types and the mechanisms underlying related pathological changes involved in bone diseases. We also present perspectives for further studies on bone homeostasis-regulating zinc transporters.
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Keywords:
zinc; ZIP; ZnT; bone homeostasis; bone diseases; osteogenesis; osteoclastogenesis
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MDPI and ACS Style
Huang, T.; Yan, G.; Guan, M. Zinc Homeostasis in Bone: Zinc Transporters and Bone Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 1236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041236
AMA Style
Huang T, Yan G, Guan M. Zinc Homeostasis in Bone: Zinc Transporters and Bone Diseases. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(4):1236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041236
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Tongling; Yan, Guoyong; Guan, Min. 2020. "Zinc Homeostasis in Bone: Zinc Transporters and Bone Diseases" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21, no. 4: 1236. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041236
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