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Article

Δ-FeOOH as Support for Immobilization Peroxidase: Optimization via a Chemometric Approach

1
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lavras, N° 37, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil
2
Department of Chemistry Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Łukasz Chrzanowski and Łukasz Ławniczak
Molecules 2020, 25(2), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020259
Received: 1 December 2019 / Revised: 27 December 2019 / Accepted: 31 December 2019 / Published: 8 January 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradation of Conventional and Emerging Pollutants)
Owing to their high surface area, stability, and functional groups on the surface, iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticles have attracted attention as enzymatic support. In this work, a chemometric approach was performed, aiming at the optimization of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) immobilization process on Δ-FeOOH nanoparticles (NPs). The enzyme/NPs ratio (X1), pH (X2), temperature (X3), and time (X4) were the independent variables analyzed, and immobilized enzyme activity was the response variable (Y). The effects of the factors were studied using a factorial design at two levels (−1 and 1). The biocatalyst obtained was evaluated for the ferulic acid (FA) removal, a pollutant model. The materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images indicated changes in material morphology. The independent variables X1 (−0.57), X2 (0.71), and X4 (0.42) presented the significance effects estimate. The variable combinations resulted in two significance effects estimates, X1*X2 (−0.57) and X2*X4 (0.39). The immobilized HRP by optimized conditions (X1 = 1/63 (enzyme/NPs ratio, X2 = pH 8, X4 = 60 °C, and 30 min) showed high efficiency for FA oxidation (82%). View Full-Text
Keywords: immobilization; bioremediation; horseradish peroxidase; iron oxide hydroxide immobilization; bioremediation; horseradish peroxidase; iron oxide hydroxide
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MDPI and ACS Style

Tavares, T.S.; da Rocha, E.P.; Esteves Nogueira, F.G.; Torres, J.A.; Silva, M.C.; Kuca, K.; Ramalho, T.C. Δ-FeOOH as Support for Immobilization Peroxidase: Optimization via a Chemometric Approach. Molecules 2020, 25, 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020259

AMA Style

Tavares TS, da Rocha EP, Esteves Nogueira FG, Torres JA, Silva MC, Kuca K, Ramalho TC. Δ-FeOOH as Support for Immobilization Peroxidase: Optimization via a Chemometric Approach. Molecules. 2020; 25(2):259. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020259

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tavares, Tássia S., Eduardo P. da Rocha, Francisco G. Esteves Nogueira, Juliana A. Torres, Maria C. Silva, Kamil Kuca, and Teodorico C. Ramalho. 2020. "Δ-FeOOH as Support for Immobilization Peroxidase: Optimization via a Chemometric Approach" Molecules 25, no. 2: 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020259

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