Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition

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Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Topic is a continuation of the previous successful Topic “Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies”. Electrical machines and drives are among the most important components used in a wide application range, such as industry, transportation, power systems, etc. Also, nowadays, their development is a real challenge, as it is concentrated on efficiency improvements, together with material and manufacturing cost reductions. The literature on such devices is huge, covering a lot of working principles and topologies. Worldwide, a great number of specialists are involved in these fields, who are seeking both the latest technical advancements and publishing possibilities to reach a greater audience.

This topic intends to collect papers from the fields of electrical machines and drives which focus on their design, optimization, modeling, experimental testing, and fabrication, as well on their application fields. Multidisciplinary approaches are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Loránd Szabó
Dr. Marcin Wardach
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Applied Sciences applsci	2.5	5.3	2011	18.4 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Designs designs	-	3.9	2017	21.7 Days	CHF 1600	Submit
Energies energies	3.0	6.2	2008	16.8 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Machines machines	2.1	3.0	2013	15.5 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Vehicles vehicles	2.4	4.1	2019	19.9 Days	CHF 1600	Submit

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Published Papers (10 papers)

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21 pages, 8674 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Improved Estimation Procedure of Cage-Induction-Motor-Equivalent Circuit Parameters Based on Two-Stage PSO Algorithm

by Jovan Vukašinović, Saša Štatkić, Nebojša Arsić, Nebojša Mitrović, Bojan Perović and Andrijana Jovanović

Energies 2025, 18(8), 1952; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18081952 - 11 Apr 2025

Viewed by 183

Abstract

This paper analyzes errors in the estimation of induction-motor-equivalent circuit parameters using an improved combined two-stage Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. The proposed method accounts for variations in rotor parameters based on both linear and square root speed approximations, as well as two [...] Read more.

This paper analyzes errors in the estimation of induction-motor-equivalent circuit parameters using an improved combined two-stage Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method. The proposed method accounts for variations in rotor parameters based on both linear and square root speed approximations, as well as two different approaches for the stator and rotor leakage reactance ratios. The first approach assumes that the starting rotor leakage reactance is equal to the stator leakage reactance, while the second considers them as distinct. Improvement of the algorithm consists of increasing the accuracy of the approximations of parameter changes on the rotor. Thanks to more accurate determination of the initial rotor parameters, both approximations provide better results in parameter estimation. The analysis involved sixteen induction motors with four different power ratings and four different pole numbers. The analysis aimed to assess the impact of these approximations and assumptions on equivalent circuit parameter estimation errors. The estimated torque-speed characteristics closely matched the manufacturer’s reference data, including starting, maximum, and full-load torques. The deviation of the estimated torque-speed characteristics from the reference characteristics, within a defined speed range, is defined as the mean absolute percentage error. Based on the obtained results, the mean absolute percentage error is complex and depends on rotor parameter speed approximations, stator and rotor leakage reactance ratios, and the full power of the induction motor. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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16 pages, 2846 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

An Additively Manufactured Fe-3Si Stator for a High-Performance Electrical Motor

by Tej N. Lamichhane, Haobo Wang, Chins Chinnasamy, Latha Sethuraman, Fred A. List, Peeyush Nandwana, Jiaqiang Yan, Zheng Gai and Mariappan Parans Paranthaman

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(4), 1706; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041706 - 7 Feb 2025

Viewed by 862

Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) has the potential to produce novel high-performance electrical machines, enabling the direct printing of complex shapes and the simultaneous processing of multiple feedstocks in a single build. We examined the properties and functional performance of Fe-3 wt.% Si materials that [...] Read more.

Additive manufacturing (AM) has the potential to produce novel high-performance electrical machines, enabling the direct printing of complex shapes and the simultaneous processing of multiple feedstocks in a single build. We examined the properties and functional performance of Fe-3 wt.% Si materials that were printed via selective laser melting, machined down to thin laminates, and stacked to form a stator core of a prototype brushless permanent-magnet electrical motor. Big Area Additive Manufacturing of Nd₂Fe₁₄B (NdFeB)–polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) bonded magnets was performed, with them then being magnetized and used for the rotor. The magnetic, mechanical, and electrical properties of the as-printed and various heat-treated thin laminates and the back electromotive force (EMF) of the electrical motors at different rotational speeds were measured. The thin laminates exhibit a maximum relative permeability of 7494 at an applied field of 0.8 Oe and a core loss of about 20 W/lb at 60 Hz with the maximum induction of 15 kg. In addition to the demonstration of AM printing, motor assembly, and complete characterization of printed Fe-3 wt.% Si, this report highlights the areas of improvement needed in printing technologies to achieve AM built electrical motors and the need for isotropic microstructure refinements to make the laminates appropriate for high-mechanical-strength and low-loss rotational electrical devices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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18 pages, 10021 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Loss Research and Thermal Analysis of BLDC Hollow-Cup Motor Under Reactor Suppression

by Jingjuan Du, Yumeng Sun, Jian Zhao, Boran Liu and Yanqing Mi

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1523; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031523 - 2 Feb 2025

Viewed by 776

Abstract

In order to avoid overheating of a BLDC permanent magnet (PM) motor at high speeds, this paper focuses on the loss reduction of a 90 W 47,000 r/min BLDC hollow-cup motor. It is proposed to provide an optimizing method for the series reactors [...] Read more.

In order to avoid overheating of a BLDC permanent magnet (PM) motor at high speeds, this paper focuses on the loss reduction of a 90 W 47,000 r/min BLDC hollow-cup motor. It is proposed to provide an optimizing method for the series reactors and the parameterization of reactors in the motor system. The finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate and analyze the time harmonic of air-gap magnetic flux density, stator core loss, and rotor eddy current loss in two cases: with a series reactor and without a reactor. By parameterizing the inductance value, the optimal resistance value is determined to minimize motor loss. In addition, an electromagnetic–thermal coupling analysis is conducted, and the results show that the temperature distribution of the stator core, winding, and rotor are improved under reactor suppression. Finally, an experimental platform is built to verify the temperature increase and the efficiency of the motor load operation. A clear reference for the research and optimization analysis of motor loss reduction is provided. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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13 pages, 3610 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Design and Performance of a Planetary Gearbox with Two DOFs

by Dana Tulekenova, Marco Ceccarelli, Konstantin Ivanov and Matteo Russo

Machines 2024, 12(11), 780; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12110780 - 6 Nov 2024

Viewed by 1288

Abstract

The article aims to describe the design and operation of a fundamentally new self-regulating planetary transmission, which, without a control system, changes the gear ratio under the influence of a variable external load. A self-regulating transmission can be created based on a kinematic [...] Read more.

The article aims to describe the design and operation of a fundamentally new self-regulating planetary transmission, which, without a control system, changes the gear ratio under the influence of a variable external load. A self-regulating transmission can be created based on a kinematic chain with two degrees of freedom, having only one input. According to the laws of mechanics, such a chain has no definability of motion, since the number of inputs must be equal to the number of degrees of freedom. The equilibrium of a two-movable chain with one input can obtained by creating an additional constraint that substitutes a reaction in the instantaneous center of the intermediate link velocities by the friction moment in the hinge of the intermediate link. The friction moment creates a force constraint, which is taken into account in the equilibrium condition. The obtained equilibrium conditions ensure the definiteness of motion and the ability of self-regulation in the form of an inversely proportional dependence of the speed of the output link on the variable external load. The described method makes it possible to create a fundamentally new class of self-regulating mechanisms in all branches of technology. The interaction of kinematic and force parameters and the construction of parameter graphs was performed using the SolidWorks 2021 program with certain additions. The experimental studies performed confirm the reliability of the theoretical developments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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19 pages, 13232 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

A Power-RPM Reduced-Order Model and Power Control Strategy of the Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in a V/f Framework for Oscillation Suppression

by Riqing Su, Yuanze Wang, Hui Deng, Xiong Liu and Yuanpeng Guan

Energies 2024, 17(18), 4563; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184563 - 12 Sep 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 861

Abstract

The dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (DTP-PMSM) under a V/f control framework is widely applied in belts, fans, pumps, etc. However, the oscillation in power and rotor speed is difficult to quantify and suppress, due to the higher-order model of the DTP-PMSM. [...] Read more.

The dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (DTP-PMSM) under a V/f control framework is widely applied in belts, fans, pumps, etc. However, the oscillation in power and rotor speed is difficult to quantify and suppress, due to the higher-order model of the DTP-PMSM. Thus, a power-revolutions per minute (RPM) reduced-order model and power control strategy of the DTP–PMSM are proposed for oscillation description and suppression. Firstly, according to the structure and V/f control framework, the reduced-order model is proposed under a power-RPM scale with coupled performances between sub-PMSMs, and then the decoupled method is employed. Moreover, the oscillated performances of power and rotor speed are detailed in small signals. Secondly, a power control strategy is proposed, including active power feedforward for active damping and reactive power droop control for high power quality and approaching optimal torque per ampere. Compared with the traditional strategies, the proposed method can achieve a stable and efficient operation, with a higher power factor of the DTP–PMSM, less stator current, and lower electromechanical power loss. Finally, an experimental platform of the DTP–PMSM is set up for the correctness and superiority of the proposed method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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24 pages, 2469 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Optimized Discrete Nonlinear Control of Alternating Current Three-Phase Motors via an Industrial Variable Frequency Drive

by Nicolás Cervantes-Escorcia, Omar-Jacobo Santos-Sánchez, Liliam Rodríguez-Guerrero, Hugo Romero-Trejo and Orlando García-Pérez

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(14), 6355; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14146355 - 21 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1312

Abstract

This article presents a suboptimal nonlinear control strategy to improve the dynamics of a three-phase alternating current (AC) motor. Using dynamic programming, the calculation of the Bellman function is avoided by determining a suboptimal control sequence that locally minimizes a quadratic performance index [...] Read more.

This article presents a suboptimal nonlinear control strategy to improve the dynamics of a three-phase alternating current (AC) motor. Using dynamic programming, the calculation of the Bellman function is avoided by determining a suboptimal control sequence that locally minimizes a quadratic performance index at each step. The motor’s fixed-frame nonlinear mathematical model controls the stator currents, rotor magnetic fluxes, and rotor angular speed by applying voltages to the stator. Experimental tests are conducted using a Delta VFD007EL11A variable frequency drive (VFD), demonstrating improved motor state behavior and performance compared to an optimal proportional integral (PI) control and a fixed reference input in the VFD. The experiments include set point changes and a comparative analysis of the energy consumption between both controllers considering two cases: free and with load on the motor shaft. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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18 pages, 8389 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Sensorless Capability Expansion for SPMSM Based on Inductance Parameter Identification

by Peng Chen, Ruiqing Ma, Shoujun Song and Zhe Chen

Energies 2024, 17(13), 3219; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17133219 - 30 Jun 2024

Viewed by 1098

Abstract

Pulsating high-frequency voltage injection can be used for the sensorless control of a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) at zero- and low-speed ranges. However, the sensorless capability still faces challenges to the requirements of industrial application, especially at heavy load status. Aiming [...] Read more.

Pulsating high-frequency voltage injection can be used for the sensorless control of a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) at zero- and low-speed ranges. However, the sensorless capability still faces challenges to the requirements of industrial application, especially at heavy load status. Aiming at this issue, this article proposes a sensorless capability expansion method for an SPMSM based on inductance parameter identification. Firstly, incremental inductances at the d-q-axis and cross-coupling inductance are identified offline by three steps combining the rotating high-frequency voltage injection and pulsating high-frequency voltage injection. Using a polynomial curve fitting algorithm, apparent inductances are calculated. Secondly, positive DC current injection at the d-axis is proposed to enhance the saliency ratio based on the analysis of parameter identification results. Compared with the conventional $i_d$ = 0 or $i_d$ < 0 method, the saliency ratio is enhanced obviously when a positive DC current is injected at the d-axis. Then, the convergence region of the sensorless control method at heavy load status is expanded and the accuracy of rotor position estimation is improved using the proposed method. Finally, the experimental results validate that the sensorless capability of the SPMSM is expanded. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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13 pages, 4035 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Low-Carbon Operation Strategy of Park-Level Integrated Energy System with Firefly Algorithm

by Hongyin Chen, Songcen Wang, Yaoxian Yu, Yi Guo, Lu Jin, Xiaoqiang Jia, Kaicheng Liu and Xinhe Zhang

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(13), 5433; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135433 - 22 Jun 2024

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1433

Abstract

The integrated energy system at the park level, renowned for its diverse energy complementarity and environmentally friendly attributes, serves as a crucial platform for incorporating novel energy consumption methods. Nevertheless, distributed energy generation, characterized by randomness, fluctuations, and intermittency, is significantly influenced by [...] Read more.

The integrated energy system at the park level, renowned for its diverse energy complementarity and environmentally friendly attributes, serves as a crucial platform for incorporating novel energy consumption methods. Nevertheless, distributed energy generation, characterized by randomness, fluctuations, and intermittency, is significantly influenced by the surrounding environment. Within the park, the output of multiple devices frequently diverges significantly from the actual demand, potentially resulting in energy waste phenomena, such as the curtailment of wind and solar power. To tackle the dual challenges of balancing energy supply and demand while reducing carbon emissions in the industrial park, this paper introduces a low-carbon integrated energy system that incorporates distributed renewable and clean energy sources. Mathematical models are formulated for the source–grid–load–storage components of this low-carbon integrated energy system. Furthermore, various operational scenarios for the park-level integrated energy system are analyzed. The ultimate goal is to devise an economically viable, low-carbon, and efficient operational strategy for the integrated energy system, aiming to satisfy the diverse objectives of various stakeholders. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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14 pages, 4458 KiB  

Open AccessArticle

Torque Ripple Suppression in the 6/4 Variable Flux Reluctance Machine with Open Winding Configuration by Using Harmonic Injection

by Xu Liu, El Moundher Aouiche, Abdelaziz Aouiche, Yang Cao and Mohammed Echarif Aguida

Energies 2024, 17(11), 2753; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17112753 - 4 Jun 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1065

Abstract

High torque ripple can be observed with a 6/4 variable flux reluctance machine (VFRM). In order to minimize the torque ripple in VFRMs, this paper presents a harmonic injection method for 6/4 VFRMs with an open-winding configuration. By analyzing the impact of harmonics [...] Read more.

High torque ripple can be observed with a 6/4 variable flux reluctance machine (VFRM). In order to minimize the torque ripple in VFRMs, this paper presents a harmonic injection method for 6/4 VFRMs with an open-winding configuration. By analyzing the impact of harmonics on VFRMs, the method involves detecting the third harmonic using a first-order low-pass filter (FLPF). Subsequently, the extracted harmonics are controlled and shifted to counteract the voltage harmonics in both inverters without inducing phase imbalance or overvoltage. With the proposed method, the torque ripple can be significantly reduced by about 50% under load conditions. The effectiveness of the harmonic injection method is validated through a prototype VFRM. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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27 pages, 5565 KiB  

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Influence of High-Frequency Operation on the Efficiency of a PMSM Drive with SiC-MOSFET Inverter

by Paisak Poolphaka, Ehsan Jamshidpour, Thierry Lubin, Lotfi Baghli and Noureddine Takorabet

Energies 2024, 17(10), 2347; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17102347 - 13 May 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2430

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects of high-frequency switching and a high fundamental frequency on the parameters and efficiency of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive. We discuss the design and modeling of the PMSM, taking into account these high-frequency effects. The [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the effects of high-frequency switching and a high fundamental frequency on the parameters and efficiency of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) drive. We discuss the design and modeling of the PMSM, taking into account these high-frequency effects. The impact of high frequencies is analyzed across three different inverters (IGBT, Fast IGBT, and SiC-MOSFET) and the motor, and we employ theoretical analysis, computer simulations, and experimental tests for validation. Our goal is to enhance our understanding of how these high-frequency factors affect the performance of the motor drive. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 2nd Edition)

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