Botulinum Toxins in Migraine: From Novel Toxins, Mechanisms and Biomarkers to AI-Enhanced Innovations
A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacterial Toxins".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 78
Special Issue Editors
2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
3. Centre of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
Interests: pain; artificial intelligence; psychiatry; depression; neuropharmacology
Interests: migraine; headache; pain; neuropharmacology; artificial intelligence
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
This Special Issue, “Botulinum Toxins in Migraine: From Novel Toxins, Mechanisms and Biomarkers to AI-Enhanced Innovations”, aims to advance the current understanding of botulinum toxin as a therapeutic tool across the migraine spectrum. Although onabotulinumtoxinA remains the only approved toxin for chronic migraine, recent research has expanded our knowledge on alternative serotypes, engineered molecules, and next-generation formulations with distinct pharmacological profiles. However, key mechanistic questions remain unresolved, including the relative contributions of peripheral sensory modulation, neuroimmune interactions, and central network plasticity. In parallel, the clinical application of botulinum toxin is evolving toward precision medicine, yet major gaps persist with regard to patient stratification, biomarkers of response, long-term effectiveness, and integration with emerging preventive therapies (including anti-CGRP drugs).
This Special Issue will cover mechanistic, translational, and clinical dimensions, with particular emphasis on novel toxins, innovative injection paradigms, expanded indications, biomarkers, and digital-AI technologies. These include real-world digital phenotyping, wearable-based outcome assessment, predictive modelling of treatment responses, and AI-biomarker-supported trial design.
We invite authors to submit original research articles, systematic or narrative reviews, meta-analyses, translational studies, methodological papers, and perspectives addressing mechanistic advances, clinical efficacy, safety, digital innovation, or novel therapeutic uses of botulinum toxin in migraine. Submissions integrating multidisciplinary approaches or leveraging digital and AI tools are particularly encouraged.
Prof. Dr. Luca Pani
Dr. Luigi Francesco Iannone
Guest Editors
Manuscript Submission Information
Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxins is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.
Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.
Keywords
- botulinum toxin
- migraine
- biomarkers
- digital health
- precision medicine
- predictive modelling
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