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Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025
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Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025

A special issue of Diseases (ISSN 2079-9721). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 7136

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Carl J. Lavie

grade E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, 1514 Jefferson Highway, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA
Interests: cardiac rehabilitation and preventive cardiology; impact of physical activity and fitness on obesity and obesity paradox; COVID-19
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Cardiology section offers an open forum to present either innovative investigations or new insights into cardiovascular disease’s open questions, eventually leading to significant contributions in the understanding of key and emerging cardiovascular disease mechanisms from either basic or translational research.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Prevention and screening;
  • Cardiovascular biochemistry;
  • Cardiovascular biophysics;
  • Cellular cardiovascular biology;
  • Molecular cardiovascular biology;
  • Cardiovascular genetics;
  • Cardiovascular pathology;
  • Cardiovascular physiology;
  • Cardiovascular pharmacology and clinical pharmacology;
  • Translational research;
  • Clinical trials;
  • Personalized medicine;
  • Pharmacogenetics.

For this Special Issue, we aimed to collect high-quality papers related to human cardiovascular disease. All submitted articles will undergo a rigorous peer review process to ensure that the highest scientific quality and relevance to the field are ensured.

Thank you for your attention, and we eagerly anticipate receiving your valuable submissions.

Prof. Dr. Carl J. Lavie
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diseases is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular diseases
  • prevention
  • obesity
  • fitness hypertension

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

15 pages, 609 KB  
Review
Inclisiran in Dyslipidemia with High Residual Platelet Reactivity
by Dina Kapsultanova, Sholpan Zhangelova, Friba Nurmukhammad, Zulfiya Makasheva, Orazbek Sakhov, Tamara Galkina, Farida Rustamova, Dana Akhmentayeva and Botakoz Aubakirova
Diseases 2026, 14(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases14010030 - 12 Jan 2026
Viewed by 226
Abstract
Background: High residual platelet reactivity (HRPR) and persistent dyslipidemia remain important unmet needs in cardiovascular risk management, particularly in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Despite intensive lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapy, a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets [...] Read more.
Background: High residual platelet reactivity (HRPR) and persistent dyslipidemia remain important unmet needs in cardiovascular risk management, particularly in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Despite intensive lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapy, a substantial proportion of patients fail to reach recommended low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets or exhibit inadequate platelet inhibition. Inclisiran, a PCSK9-targeting small interfering RNA, represents an emerging approach for long-term LDL-C reduction. Methods: A narrative review of the literature published between 2009 and 2025 was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and MEDLINE. Studies evaluating the addition of inclisiran to standard lipid-lowering therapy in patients with dyslipidemia and HRPR, assessed using the VerifyNow assay, were included. Illustrative clinical cases from Kazakhstan were analyzed to demonstrate real-world changes in LDL-C levels and platelet reactivity following insufficient response to conventional treatment. The review had a descriptive design. Results: Available evidence indicates that a significant proportion of high- and very-high-risk patients do not achieve LDL-C targets or are unable to tolerate high-intensity statin therapy. Inclisiran consistently induces sustained reductions in LDL-C and circulating PCSK9 levels. Emerging data suggest a potential indirect modulation of platelet reactivity associated with intensive lipid lowering. In patients at extreme cardiovascular risk—including those after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and with long-standing multivessel coronary artery disease—inclisiran therapy was associated with marked LDL-C reduction and a trend toward normalization of platelet reactivity. Conclusions: Assessment of platelet function using the VerifyNow assay may improve identification of residual thrombotic risk in patients with advanced atherosclerotic disease. Inclisiran appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy for dyslipidemic patients with persistently elevated cardiovascular risk and HRPR despite standard treatment. Further prospective studies are warranted to clarify the relationship between intensive LDL-C lowering, platelet reactivity, and clinical outcomes, and to optimize integrated lipid-lowering and antiplatelet strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025)
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Graphical abstract

15 pages, 2675 KB  
Review
Incidental Cardiac Uptake on 99mTc-HMDP Bone Scintigraphy in Oncology Patients: Two Cases of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy with Literature Review
by Naoya Matsuki, Toru Awaya, Jin Endo, Taeko Kunimasa, Tatsuya Gomi, Yasushi Okamoto and Hidehiko Hara
Diseases 2026, 14(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases14010023 - 7 Jan 2026
Viewed by 282
Abstract
Background: Bone scintigraphy using technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP) is extensively employed to detect bone metastases. However, incidental myocardial uptake may indicate wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt-CM), a frequently overlooked diagnosis with important clinical implications. Case Presentation: Two elderly female patients with [...] Read more.
Background: Bone scintigraphy using technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP) is extensively employed to detect bone metastases. However, incidental myocardial uptake may indicate wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt-CM), a frequently overlooked diagnosis with important clinical implications. Case Presentation: Two elderly female patients with a history of breast cancer were subjected to 99mTc-HMDP bone scintigraphy as part of a routine evaluation for possible bone metastases. Both cases demonstrated incidental myocardial uptake (Perugini Grade 2 and Grade 3, respectively), raising suspicion for ATTRwt-CM, which was subsequently confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy. Review of the Literature: We reviewed published studies reporting cardiac uptake on bone scintigraphy, summarizing the frequency, patient demographics, and tracer types, and emphasizing the clinical relevance of this finding in cancer patients. Conclusions: In oncology patients, bone scintigraphy performed during routine metastatic screening may facilitate early detection of ATTRwt-CM, enabling timely diagnosis and treatment initiation, potentially improving clinical outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025)
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18 pages, 295 KB  
Review
Coexistence of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Arterial Hypertension: Current Insights and Future Directions
by Vasiliki Katsi, Konstantia Papadomarkaki, Konstantinos Manousiadis, Epameinondas Triantafyllou, Christos Fragoulis and Konstantinos Tsioufis
Diseases 2026, 14(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases14010001 - 22 Dec 2025
Viewed by 410
Abstract
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease. Arterial hypertension represents the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Their coexistence is frequent, affecting approximately 40–60% of adults with HCM, yet the implications of this overlap remain [...] Read more.
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease. Arterial hypertension represents the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Their coexistence is frequent, affecting approximately 40–60% of adults with HCM, yet the implications of this overlap remain insufficiently investigated. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the existing literature addressing the clinical profile and management strategies in patients with concomitant HCM and hypertension. Particular emphasis was placed on pharmacologic treatment and the role of emerging therapies for this population. Results: Patients with both conditions are generally older, with more cardiometabolic comorbidities and greater functional limitation than those with isolated HCM. Hypertension may confound diagnosis and is linked to a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation and stroke. Its effect on ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death and mortality is less clear. Management is challenging, as vasodilatory antihypertensives can exacerbate left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. β-blockers and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are preferred, while novel agents such as myosin inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors show potential but require further study. Conclusions: The coexistence of HCM and hypertension is frequent but insufficiently studied, with major implications for diagnosis and treatment. Further research is essential to optimize management and outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025)
15 pages, 2190 KB  
Review
The Efficacy and Safety of Ferric Carboxymaltose in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and Iron Deficiency: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
by Inderbir Padda, Sneha Annie Sebastian, Daniel Fabian, Yashendra Sethi and Gurpreet Johal
Diseases 2024, 12(12), 339; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12120339 - 22 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5350
Abstract
Background: Iron deficiency (ID) often coexists with heart failure (HF), and its prevalence increases with the severity of HF. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) has been associated with improvements in clinical outcomes, functional capacity, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with HF and [...] Read more.
Background: Iron deficiency (ID) often coexists with heart failure (HF), and its prevalence increases with the severity of HF. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) has been associated with improvements in clinical outcomes, functional capacity, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with HF and ID. However, while earlier studies showed favorable results, more recent studies have failed to demonstrate significant improvements in outcomes for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and ID. This meta-analysis seeks to provide updated insights into the effectiveness and safety of FCM compared to placebo/standard of care (SoC) among patients with HFrEF and ID/iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature from inception to December 2023, utilizing databases such as MEDLINE (via PubMed), Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the ScienceDirect portal. A statistical analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.4 with a random-effects model. Dichotomous outcomes were reported as odds ratios (OR), while continuous outcomes were presented as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Results: The final analysis included data from six randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comprising 5132 patients. Our findings indicate a significant reduction in total HF hospitalizations among patients with HFrEF and ID/IDA treated with FCM compared to those receiving the placebo or SoC, with an OR of 0.59 (95% CI: 0.40 to 0.88, p < 0.010). However, no statistically significant difference was observed in the total number of deaths between the FCM and placebo/SoC groups (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.70 to 1.03, p = 0.09), non-HF hospitalizations (OR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.25, p = 0.24), or the composite outcome of cardiovascular hospitalizations and cardiovascular deaths (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.04, p = 0.07). Regarding functional capacity, as assessed by the change in 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance, no significant improvement was found, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 14.03 (95% CI: −10.94 to 38.99, p = 0.27). QoL, measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) score, also did not show significant enhancement, with a WMD of 3.85 (95% CI: −0.55 to 8.24, p = 0.09). Furthermore, the safety analysis revealed no significant difference in the incidence of serious adverse events between the FCM and placebo/SoC groups, with an OR of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.49 to 1.10, p = 0.13). Conclusions: In patients with HFrEF and IDA, treatment with intravenous FCM significantly lowers the risk of total HF hospitalizations but does not appear to affect functional capacity, QoL, or mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Section 'Cardiology' in 2024–2025)
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