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1,716 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
10 Citations
10,746 Views
34 Pages

Polymer Recycling: A Comprehensive Overview and Future Outlook

  • Paul van den Tempel and
  • Francesco Picchioni

26 December 2024

Polymer recycling is an essential and crucial topic in our sustainability-driven society. The depletion of oil and the increasing interest in biomass conversion clearly stimulate the search for alternative carbon sources. On the other hand, polymeric...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
7,451 Views
15 Pages

Millions of tons of plastics are produced and consumed annually and should be recycled in a sustainable way. The effects of different compatibilizers on the properties of wood-mixed waste polymer composites are studied to promote recycling of plastic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
52 Citations
8,816 Views
23 Pages

4 November 2021

Fiber-reinforced polymers (FRPs) are low-density, high-performance composite materials, which find important applications in the automotive, aerospace, and energy industry, to only cite a few. With the increasing concerns about sustainability and env...

  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
11,954 Views
34 Pages

24 February 2025

Plastics, particularly synthetic organic polymers, have become indispensable in modern life, yet their large-scale production has led to significant environmental challenges due to persistent waste. Traditional mechanical recycling methods have prove...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,759 Views
31 Pages

30 November 2024

Over the last few decades, several marine renewable energy (MRE) technologies, such as wave energy converters (WECs) and current energy converters (CECs), have been developed. As opposed to traditional materials such as metal alloys, the structure of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,519 Views
23 Pages

9 May 2024

The scope of this work is the development of a method to estimate the temperature and shear rate-dependent viscosity of mixtures composed of two polymers. The viscosity curve of polymer mixtures is crucial for the modeling and optimization of extrusi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
5,029 Views
24 Pages

Wastes from Agricultural Silage Film Recycling Line as a Potential Polymer Materials

  • Jerzy Korol,
  • Aleksander Hejna,
  • Klaudiusz Wypiór,
  • Krzysztof Mijalski and
  • Ewelina Chmielnicka

23 April 2021

The recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for potential methods for their utilization. In th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,377 Views
21 Pages

Recycling of Plastic Polymer: Reinforcement of Building Material Using Polymer Plastics of Used COVID-19 Syringes

  • Golam Fahim,
  • Md. Tofazzal Hossain,
  • Stapheny Penheiro,
  • Md. Iffat Bin Zakir,
  • Md. Shamsuzzaman,
  • Mohammad Sarwar Morshed,
  • Sakib Hossain Khan and
  • Abu Hamja

Plastic waste causes severe environmental impacts worldwide and threatens the lives of all creatures. In the medical field, most of the equipment, especially personal protective equipment (PPE), is made from single-use plastic. During COVID-19, the u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,700 Views
11 Pages

Valorization and Mechanical Recycling of Heterogeneous Post-Consumer Polymer Waste through a Mechano-Chemical Process

  • Roberta Capuano,
  • Irene Bonadies,
  • Rachele Castaldo,
  • Mariacristina Cocca,
  • Gennaro Gentile,
  • Antonio Protopapa,
  • Roberto Avolio and
  • Maria Emanuela Errico

19 August 2021

In this paper, a sustainable strategy to valorize and recycle heterogeneous polymer-based post-consumer waste is proposed. This strategy is based on a high-energy mechano-chemical treatment and has been applied to a polyolefin-rich fraction, coded as...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
4,986 Views
49 Pages

Processability of Different Polymer Fractions Recovered from Mixed Wastes and Determination of Material Properties for Recycling

  • Selina Möllnitz,
  • Michael Feuchter,
  • Ivica Duretek,
  • Gerald Schmidt,
  • Roland Pomberger and
  • Renato Sarc

31 January 2021

To achieve future recycling targets and CO2 and waste reduction, the transfer of plastic contained in mixed waste from thermal recovery to mechanical recycling is a promising option. This requires extensive knowledge of the necessary processing depth...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
5,359 Views
17 Pages

Development and Techno-Economic Analysis of an Advanced Recycling Process for Photovoltaic Panels Enabling Polymer Separation and Recovery of Ag and Si

  • Antonio Rubino,
  • Giuseppe Granata,
  • Emanuela Moscardini,
  • Ludovica Baldassari,
  • Pietro Altimari,
  • Luigi Toro and
  • Francesca Pagnanelli

18 December 2020

Photovoltaic panels were included in EU Directive as WEEE (Wastes of Electric and Electronic Equipment) requiring the implementation of dedicated collection schemes and end-of-life treatment ensuring targets in terms of recycling rate (80%) and recov...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,816 Views
19 Pages

15 January 2025

The recycling of carbon-fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) presents significant challenges due to their thermosetting matrix, which complicates end-of-life management and often results in energy-intensive disposal or significant waste accumulation. De...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,239 Views
19 Pages

Compositional Analysis and Mechanical Recycling of Polymer Fractions Recovered via the Industrial Sorting of Post-Consumer Plastic Waste: A Case Study toward the Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Databases

  • Federico Olivieri,
  • Antonino Caputo,
  • Daniele Leonetti,
  • Rachele Castaldo,
  • Roberto Avolio,
  • Mariacristina Cocca,
  • Maria Emanuela Errico,
  • Luigi Iannotta,
  • Maurizio Avella and
  • Gennaro Gentile

15 October 2024

Nowadays, society is oriented toward reducing the production of plastics, which have a significant impact on the environment. In this context, the recycling of existing plastic objects is currently a fundamental step in the mitigation of pollution. V...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,956 Views
20 Pages

Polymer Waste Recycling of Injection Molding Purges with Softening for Cutting with Fresnel Solar Collector—A Real Problem Linked to Sustainability and the Circular Economy

  • Ma. Guadalupe Plaza,
  • Maria Luisa Mendoza López,
  • José de Jesús Pérez Bueno,
  • Joaquín Pérez Meneses and
  • Alejandra Xochitl Maldonado Pérez

8 April 2024

A plastic injection waste known as “purge” cannot be reintegrated into the recycling chain due to its shape, size, and composition. Grinding these cannot be carried out with traditional mills due to significant variations in size and shap...

  • Review
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,288 Views
22 Pages

Exploring the Potential of Recycled Polymers for 3D Printing Applications: A Review

  • Rachel Djonyabe Habiba,
  • Cândida Malça and
  • Ricardo Branco

14 June 2024

The integration of recycled polymers into additive manufacturing (AM) processes offers a promising opportunity for advancing sustainability within the manufacturing industry. This review paper summarizes existing research and developments related to...

  • Review
  • Open Access
73 Citations
8,897 Views
13 Pages

Recycling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Polymers—Review—Part 1: Volume of Production, Recycling Technologies, Legislative Aspects

  • Andrzej K. Bledzki,
  • Holger Seidlitz,
  • Krzysztof Goracy,
  • Magdalena Urbaniak and
  • Janina J. Rösch

19 January 2021

The paper presents the current volume of international production and global markets of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites, also regarding the potential development trends. Examples were provided on how to effectively recycle carbon fiber rei...

  • Review
  • Open Access
20 Citations
7,748 Views
18 Pages

Progress in Solvent-Based Recycling of Polymers from Multilayer Packaging

  • Tianmiao Li,
  • George Theodosopoulos,
  • Chris Lovell,
  • Adamantini Loukodimou,
  • Kranthi Kumar Maniam and
  • Shiladitya Paul

12 June 2024

Conversion of chemical feedstocks derived from fossil fuels to virgin polymer, manufacturing of plastics in coal-dependent economies, and increasing consumption of virgin polymers for plastics packaging contribute significantly to environmental issue...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,215 Views
32 Pages

Recycled polymer-modified binders have emerged as a sustainable solution for improving the performance and durability of pavement materials. This review examines the rutting and aging properties of pavements modified with recycled polymers, highlight...

  • Review
  • Open Access
37 Citations
14,971 Views
47 Pages

Recent Trends of Recycling and Upcycling of Polymers and Composites: A Comprehensive Review

  • Christina Podara,
  • Stefania Termine,
  • Maria Modestou,
  • Dionisis Semitekolos,
  • Christos Tsirogiannis,
  • Melpo Karamitrou,
  • Aikaterini-Flora Trompeta,
  • Tatjana Kosanovic Milickovic and
  • Costas Charitidis

This review article gathers the most recent recycling technologies for thermoset and thermoplastic polymers. Results about existing experimental procedures and their effectiveness are presented. For thermoset polymers, the review focuses mainly on fi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,894 Views
13 Pages

16 March 2021

In order to meet the technical specifications in roofing applications, the bitumen used for this purpose is standardly modified by polymers. This, in general, allows the re-use of recycled polymer during the production of polymer-modified bitumen (Pm...

  • Review
  • Open Access
43 Citations
12,934 Views
36 Pages

Plastics—Villain or Hero? Polymers and Recycled Polymers in Mineral and Metallurgical Processing—A Review

  • Sheila Devasahayam,
  • R. K. Singh Raman,
  • K. Chennakesavulu and
  • Sankar Bhattacharya

21 February 2019

This review focusses on the use of recycled and virgin polymers in mineral and metallurgical processing, both high and ambient temperature processes, including novel applications. End of life applications of polymers as well as the utilisation of pol...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,744 Views
34 Pages

16 May 2025

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has emerged as the most preferred source of clean energy generation and has been deployed at a large scale. However, end-of-life management of the PV modules is a critical issue that has garnered the recent attentio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,689 Views
17 Pages

Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Processability of New and Recycled PA-6 Polymers

  • Carlos González Niño,
  • Julio Vidal,
  • Martina Del Cerro,
  • Lucía Royo-Pascual,
  • Gonzalo Murillo-Ciordia and
  • Pere Castell

25 January 2023

The growing quantities of plastic waste have raised environmental concerns, with almost a quarter of disposed plastics being sent to landfill. This has motivated research efforts into various recycling technologies to ease dependence on fossil resour...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
7,822 Views
30 Pages

31 December 2021

Polymers are widely employed in several fields thanks to their wide versatility and the easy derivatization routes. However, a wide range of commercial polymers suffer from limited use on a large scale due to their inert nature. Nowadays, acrylate an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,444 Views
14 Pages

22 January 2025

This paper presents the potential for an alternative use of structural polymer composite reinforcement, made from natural industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibres, in the manufacture of selected products in the shipbuilding industry. This research...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,267 Views
19 Pages

Exergy-Based Assessment of Polymers Production and Recycling: An Application to the Automotive Sector

  • Sofia Russo,
  • Alicia Valero,
  • Antonio Valero and
  • Marta Iglesias-Émbil

12 January 2021

In the last century, the economic growth has been accompanied by a worldwide diffusion of polymers for multiple applications. However, there is a growing attention to the environmental pollution and energy consumption linked to the unconditional use...

  • Review
  • Open Access
218 Citations
18,913 Views
20 Pages

Degradation and Recycling of Films Based on Biodegradable Polymers: A Short Review

  • Roberto Scaffaro,
  • Andrea Maio,
  • Fiorenza Sutera,
  • Emmanuel Fortunato Gulino and
  • Marco Morreale

9 April 2019

The environmental performance of biodegradable materials has attracted attention from the academic and the industrial research over the recent years. Currently, degradation behavior and possible recyclability features, as well as actual recycling pat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,490 Views
9 Pages

7 December 2024

The increasing global demand for raw materials underscores the importance of lightweight construction and sustainable material use, drawing attention to composite techniques like galvanic coating of plastics. To support recycling efforts, the develop...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,189 Views
12 Pages

Recycled Aggregate Integration for Enhanced Performance of Polymer Concrete

  • Maja Kępniak,
  • Filip Chyliński,
  • Paweł Łukowski and
  • Piotr Woyciechowski

12 August 2024

The objective of the research outlined in this paper is to propose an eco-friendly solution that simultaneously contributes to improving the characteristics of polymer composites. The analyzed solution entails the use of recycled aggregate from crush...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,166 Views
16 Pages

Recently, the use of recycled tyre polymer fiber derived from waste tires as a concrete reinforcement has received a great deal of attention. The recycled tyre polymer fiber is a promising additive to concrete for building materials which require res...

  • Review
  • Open Access
110 Citations
12,531 Views
17 Pages

Recent Progress in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recycling: A Review of Recycling Methods and Reuse of Carbon Fibers

  • José Antonio Butenegro,
  • Mohsen Bahrami,
  • Juana Abenojar and
  • Miguel Ángel Martínez

25 October 2021

The rapid increase in the application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials represents a challenge to waste recycling. The circular economy approach coupled with the possibility of recovering carbon fibers from CFRP waste with...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,644 Views
12 Pages

Toward the Decarbonization of Plastic: Monopolymer Blend of Virgin and Recycled Bio-Based, Biodegradable Polymer

  • Vincenzo Titone,
  • Maria Chiara Mistretta,
  • Luigi Botta and
  • Francesco Paolo La Mantia

8 December 2022

Decarbonization of plastics is based on two main pillars: bio-based polymers and recycling. Mechanical recycling of biodegradable polymers could improve the social, economic and environmental impact of the use of these materials. In this regard, the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,660 Views
26 Pages

17 December 2019

The paper investigates the influence of redispersible polymer powder (RPP) on the physical and mechanical properties of a cold-recycled mixture with foamed bitumen (CRM-FB). Four types of RPP with a varied chemical base were used: VA-VeoVA, VA-VeoVa-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
4,108 Views
11 Pages

Polymer Labelling with a Conjugated Polymer-Based Luminescence Probe for Recycling in the Circular Economy

  • Ivo Kuřitka,
  • Vladimír Sedlařík,
  • Diana Harea,
  • Evghenii Harea,
  • Pavel Urbánek,
  • Ivana Šloufová,
  • Radek Coufal and
  • Jiří Zedník

28 May 2020

In this paper, we present the use of a disubstituted polyacetylene with high thermal stability and quantum yield as a fluorescence label for the identification, tracing, recycling, and eventually anti-counterfeiting applications of thermoplastics. A...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,796 Views
11 Pages

Reusing Bisphenol—A Type of Epoxy Polymer Recyclates from the Solvolysis of CFRP

  • Ching Mui Cho,
  • Xiaobai Wang,
  • Sean Kenzo Tsumura,
  • Warintorn Thitsartarn and
  • Siok Wei Tay

19 December 2023

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are highly functional composites which comprise two major components: the polymer matrix and the carbon fiber. Lightweight and having high strength, CFRPs have been used heavily in various industries...

  • Review
  • Open Access
413 Citations
80,365 Views
26 Pages

Recycling of Polymer-Based Multilayer Packaging: A Review

  • Katharina Kaiser,
  • Markus Schmid and
  • Martin Schlummer

22 December 2017

Polymer-based multilayer packaging materials are commonly used in order to combine the respective performance of different polymers. By this approach, the tailored functionality of packaging concepts is created to sufficiently protect sensitive food...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,264 Views
14 Pages

Manufacturing and Recycling of 3D-Printed All-Polymer Composites

  • Itsari Phuangmali,
  • Yao Xu,
  • Leyu Lin and
  • Alois K. Schlarb

26 August 2025

The reinforcement of polymers with carbon or glass fibers is the reason for their incredible success as ideal lightweight construction materials. However, one challenge with these materials is their recyclability. True recycling, meaning achieving th...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,657 Views
12 Pages

20 May 2021

As stiff polymers are difficult to self-heal, the balance between polymers’ self-healing ability and mechanical properties is always a big challenge. Herein, we have developed a novel healable stiff polymer based on the Si-OR and Si-OSi dynamic coval...

  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
9,089 Views
23 Pages

Towards Sustainable Recycling of Epoxy-Based Polymers: Approaches and Challenges of Epoxy Biodegradation

  • Leon Klose,
  • Neele Meyer-Heydecke,
  • Sasipa Wongwattanarat,
  • Jennifer Chow,
  • Pablo Pérez García,
  • Camille Carré,
  • Wolfgang Streit,
  • Garabed Antranikian,
  • Ana Malvis Romero and
  • Andreas Liese

12 June 2023

Epoxy resins are highly valued for their remarkable mechanical and chemical properties and are extensively used in various applications such as coatings, adhesives, and fiber-reinforced composites in lightweight construction. Composites are especiall...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,725 Views
14 Pages

Influence of the Addition of Recycled Aggregates and Polymer Fibers on the Properties of Pervious Concrete

  • Oskar Mitrosz,
  • Marzena Kurpińska,
  • Mikołaj Miśkiewicz,
  • Tadeusz Brzozowski and
  • Hakim Salem Abdelgader

25 July 2023

The aim of the study was to check the possibility of reusing aggregate from recycled concrete waste and rubber granules from car tires as partial substitution of natural aggregate. The main objective was to investigate the effects of recycled waste a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
957 Views
24 Pages

Asphalt Binder Rheological Performance Properties Using Recycled Plastic Wastes and Commercial Polymers

  • Hamad I. Al Abdul Wahhab,
  • Waqas Rafiq,
  • Mohammad Ahsan Habib,
  • Ali Mohammed Babalghaith,
  • Suleiman Abdulrahman and
  • Shaban Shahzad

Polymer-based product usage in modern society is increasing day by day. Following usage, these inert products and hydrophobic materials contribute to environmental pollution, often accumulating as litter in ecosystems and contaminating water bodies....

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,143 Views
23 Pages

15 January 2024

The applications of polymer-bonded magnets are increasing within drive technology mostly because of new concepts concerning the magnetic excitation of direct current (DC) or synchronous machines. To satisfy this rising demand for hard magnetic filler...

  • Review
  • Open Access
96 Citations
18,979 Views
22 Pages

15 December 2022

This paper presents a review of waste disposal methods for fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials. The methods range from waste minimisation, repurposing, reusing, recycling, incineration, and co-processing in a cement plant to dumping in a landfil...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,606 Views
12 Pages

Triggering of Polymer-Degrading Enzymes from Layered Double Hydroxides for Recycling Strategies

  • Angela Romano,
  • Antonella Rosato,
  • Stefano Bianchi,
  • Giulio Zanaroli,
  • Annamaria Celli,
  • Grazia Totaro and
  • Laura Sisti

The use of degrading enzymes in polymer formulation is a very attractive strategy to manage the end-of-life of plastics. However, high temperatures cause the denaturation of enzymes and the loss of their catalytic activity; therefore, protection stra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,901 Views
13 Pages

19 September 2024

Polymer-bonded magnets are increasingly being used in terms of applications in drive technology and, more specifically, in new concepts based on reluctance motors. The increasing demand for polymer-bonded magnets, especially in the context of electro...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
6,085 Views
14 Pages

21 September 2021

Natural and synthetic rubber is gaining increased interest in various industrial applications and daily life sectors (automotive industry, acoustic and electrical isolators, adhesives, impermeable surfaces, and others) due to its remarkable physicome...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
2,520 Views
23 Pages

On the Response to Hygrothermal Ageing of Fully Recyclable Flax and Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites

  • Subrata Chandra Das,
  • Chaman Srivastava,
  • Stergios Goutianos,
  • Angela Daniela La Rosa and
  • Sotirios Grammatikos

26 August 2023

The present work studies the response to hygrothermal ageing of natural fibre composites (NFCs) against synthetic fibre composites when using three different types of polymers as matrices. For ageing, coupons were fully immersed in distilled water at...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,841 Views
14 Pages

4 September 2018

Polymer recycling is one of the major areas that need adequate intervention in any megacity’s effort toward sustainable development. However, megacities in Africa face various challenges in general waste management and also lag behind in develo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,797 Views
16 Pages

15 October 2020

This study investigates the feasibility of collaborative use of recycled carbon fiber reinforced polymer (RCFRP) fibers and recycled aggregate (RA) in concrete, which is called RCFRP fiber reinforced RA concrete (RFRAC). The mechanical properties of...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,918 Views
22 Pages

A Review on the Valorization of Recycled Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (rGFRP) in Mortar and Concrete: A Sustainable Alternative to Landfilling

  • Mohamed Wendlassida Kaboré,
  • Didier Perrin,
  • Rachida Idir,
  • Patrick Ienny,
  • Éric Garcia-Diaz and
  • Youssef El Bitouri

1 October 2025

The recycling of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) in cementitious materials is an interesting way of managing the end of life of this type of material. As the solutions of landfilling and incinerating have reached their limits, the material reco...

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