With the continuous improvement of medical testing and instrumentation engineering technologies, the design, testing and development methods of in vitro diagnostic instruments are developing rapidly. In vitro diagnostic instruments are also gradually...
The use of in vitro human skin permeation tests is of value when addressing the quality and equivalence of topical drug products in Europe and the US. Human skin is the membrane of choice for these studies. The use of human skin as a membrane is hind...
In vitro biomechanical experiments utilizing cadaveric specimens are one of the most effective methods for rehearsing surgical procedures, testing implants, and guiding postoperative rehabilitation. Applying dynamic physiological muscle force to the...
Recently, a large spectrum of biomaterials emerged, with emphasis on various pure, blended, or doped calcium phosphates (CaPs). Although basic cytocompatibility testing protocols are referred by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 10...
Creep responses of intervertebral discs (IVDs) are essential for spinal biomechanics clarification. Yet, there still lacks a well-recognized investigation protocol for this phenomenon. Current work aims at providing researchers with an overview of th...
Inter-individual variations in drug responses are major concerns in cancer treatment in human and veterinary oncology. Consequently, preclinical models have been proposed to predict drug responses and determine optimal individualized therapy. We aime...
Synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) constitute a large group of industrial nanomaterials (NM). Based on their different production processes, SAS can be distinguished as precipitated, fumed, gel and colloidal. The biological activity of SAS, e.g., cytot...
Severe congenital myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy (EOMFC) is a rare genetic neuromuscular disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Here we presented a successful pregnancy obtained by in vitro fertilization (IVF) using preimplantation...
New forms of cancer treatment, which are effective, have simple manufacturing processes, and easily transportable, are of the utmost necessity. In this work, a methodology for the synthesis of radioactive Gold-198 nanoparticles without the use of sur...
There is increasing interest to replace animal-based potency assays used routinely to test vaccines, since they are highly variable, are costly, and present ethical concerns. The development of relevant in vitro assays is part of the solution. Using...
Background: Congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) is a severe morphogenic and metabolic disorder that affects all of the systems of organs and is caused by a mutation of the gene PMM2, having a mortality rate of 20% during the first months of li...
As the population of western societies on average ages, the number of people affected by bone remodeling-associated diseases such as osteoporosis continues to increase. The development of new therapeutics is hampered by the high failure rates of drug...
The ideal UV absorber should be safe and should have excellent properties. Therefore, transdermal absorption is essential for the safety risk assessment of sunscreen cosmetics. The Franz diffusion cell method is the most common means of studying in v...
Thirty controls (C) and 30 IBH-affected (T) Lusitano horses were evaluated. T horses were included based on anamnesis and physical examination, supported by questionnaires. All horses were submitted to skin tests, Intrademal (IDT) and Skin Prick Test...
The aim of our study was to adapt the analytical quality by design (AQbD) approach to design an effective in vitro release test method using USP apparatus IV with a semi-solid adapter (SSA) for diclofenac sodium hydrogel. The analytical target profil...
More than 50 years ago, the first concepts for gastroretentive drug delivery systems were developed. Despite extensive research in this field, there is no single formulation concept for which reliable gastroretention has been demonstrated under diffe...
Human-relevant tests to predict developmental toxicity are urgently needed. A currently intensively studied approach makes use of differentiating human stem cells to measure chemically-induced deviations of the normal developmental program, as in a r...
Detailed knowledge about loading of the knee joint is essential for preclinical testing of total knee replacement. Direct measurement of joint reaction forces is generally not feasible in a clinical setting; non-invasive methods based on musculoskele...
TUNEL, SCSA, SCD test and COMET assay are the current tests for detection of sperm DNA fragmentation (sDF) in clinical practice. These four tests are very different from each other for many aspects, possibly including the type of revealed damage. To...
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics have a promising outlook within the pharmaceutical industry having made positive strides in both research and development as well as commercialisation, however this development has been hampered by manufacturing...
The human eye is a specialized organ with a complex anatomy and physiology, because it is characterized by different cell types with specific physiological functions. Given the complexity of the eye, ocular tissues are finely organized and orchestrat...
The liver is among the most frequently targeted organs by noxious chemicals of diverse nature. Liver toxicity testing using laboratory animals not only raises serious ethical questions, but is also rather poorly predictive of human safety towards che...
Clot formation inside a membrane oxygenator (MO) due to blood-to-foreign surface interaction represents a frequent complication during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Since current standard monitoring methods of coagulation status inside the MO...
(1) Background: The detection of DNA double-strand breaks in vitro using the phosphorylated histone biomarker (γH2AX) is an increasingly popular method of measuring in vitro genotoxicity, as it is sensitive, specific and suitable for high-throu...
Cytotoxicity testing remains a cornerstone of modern toxicology, providing critical insight into how chemicals and drugs affect cell viability and function. Classical colorimetric assays such as MTT, LDH release, and neutral red uptake established th...
Background: PGT-based NGS revolutionized the field of reproductive medicine, becoming an integrated component within current assisted reproductive technology (ART) protocols. Methods: We searched the literature published in the last half a decade in...
Varroatosis is an important parasitic disease of Apis mellifera caused by the mite Varroa destructor (V. destructor). The parasite is able to transmit numerous pathogens to honeybees which can lead to colony collapse. In recent years, the effectivene...
This study focuses on how to define an Analytical Target Profile (ATP) which is intended for use in practice and on facilitating the selection of in vitro release test (IVRT) technology for diclofenac sodium topical hydrogel and cream. The implementa...
Background: Hemocompatibility of left ventricular assist devices is essential for preventing adverse events. In this study, we compared the hemocompatibility of an axial-flow (Sputnik) to a centrifugal-flow (HeartMate 3) pump. Methods: Both pumps wer...
The tremendous advances in multiplex immunoassays (MIAs) are leading to novel in vitro diagnostics (IVD) and point-of-care testing (POCT) [...]
Purpose: To review in vitro testing and simulation platforms that are in current use to predict in vivo performances of generic products as well as other situations to provide evidence for biowaiver and support drug formulations development. Methods:...
In vitro dissolution and permeability testing aid the simulation of the in vivo behavior of inhalation drug products. Although the regulatory bodies have specific guidelines for the dissolution of orally administered dosage forms (e.g., tablets and c...
Introduction: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are important therapeutics. However, the enhanced potential for aggregation has become a critical quality parameter during the production of mAbs. Furthermore, mAb aggregation may also present a potential he...
29 October 2022
Legal restrictions on vehicle engine exhaust gas emission control do not always go hand in hand with an actual reduction in the emissions of toxins into the atmosphere. Moreover, the methods currently used to measure exhaust gas emissions do not give...
Emerging advances in the field of in vitro toxicity testing attempt to meet the need for reliable human-based safety assessment in drug development. Intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) are described as a donor-derived in vitro model for disea...
To assess the probiotic potential of strain 68-1 with rutin conversion capabilities, isolated from Chinese traditional Jiangshui, a complete genomic analysis and in vitro tests were conducted. The Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT, Oxford, UK)–...
Sirtuins are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylases, which have been linked to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including HIV, metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration and cancer. Docking of the virtual...
Sarcopenia is defined as muscle mass and strength loss with aging. As places, such as South Korea, Japan, and Europe have entered an aged society, sarcopenia is attracting global attention with elderly health. However, only few developed devices can...
Biocompatible nanocarriers can be obtained by lipid extraction from natural sources such as algal biomasses, which accumulate different lipid classes depending on the employed culture media. Lipid aggregates can be distinguished according to supramol...
Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-mediated hyperthermia (MH) coupled with radiation therapy (RT) is a novel approach that has the potential to overcome various practical difficulties encountered in cancer treatment. In this work, we present recommendations...
There is a growing need for novel in vitro corneal models to replace animal-based ex vivo tests in drug permeability studies. In this study, we demonstrated a corneal mimetic that models the stromal and epithelial compartments of the human cornea. Hu...
Since tooth loss is a common problem in humans and is widespread worldwide, dental implants are an effective and optimal alternative to solve this problem. Thus, it is necessary to develop implants with improved surfaces that favor the osseointegrati...
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is considered one of the main mycotoxins responsible for health problems and considerable economic losses in the feed industry. The aim was to study OTA’s detoxifying potential of commercial protease enzymes: (i) Ananas comos...
Bile acids and bile salts (BA/BS) are substrates of both influx and efflux transporters on hepatocytes. Canalicular efflux transporters, such as BSEP and MRP2, are crucial for the removal of BA/BS to the bile. Basolateral influx transporters, such as...
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria), well known for their pro- and antioxidant features, have been recently proposed for the treatment of several pathologies, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, interaction between nanoceria...
Biopolymeric microparticles have been widely used for long-term release formulations of short half-life chemicals or synthetic peptides. Characterization of the drug release from microparticles is important to ensure product quality and desired pharm...
Cell-based testing of multi-constituent substances and mixtures for their potential adverse health effects is difficult due to their complex composition and physical–chemical characteristics. Various extraction methods are typically used to ena...
In recent years, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have aroused the interest of many researchers due to their unique physicochemical and optical properties. AuNPs are being explored in a variety of biomedical fields, either in diagnostics or therapy, partic...
In recent years, immunotherapy has emerged as a promising novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In a relevant percentage of patients, however, clinical benefits are lower than expected, pushing researchers to deeply analyze the immune resp...
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are one of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors widely used in clinical practice. While spironolactone and eplerenone have a long-standing profile in clinical medicine, finereno...
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