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19 Pages

Validation of the Electrophilic Allergen Screening Assay for Detection of Key Event 1 of the Skin Sensitization Adverse Outcome Pathway

Emily N. Reinke,
Elijah J. Petersen,
John D. Gordon,
Rick Uhl,
Valerie H. Adams,
Diego Rua,
Victor J. Johnson,
Gary R. Burleson,
Judy Strickland and
Nicole C. Kleinstreuer
+ 5 authors

Toxics2026, 14(6), 511;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics14060511

11 June 2026

The electrophilic allergen screening assay (EASA) uses small-molecule probes as surrogates for skin proteins to measure hapten protein carrier complex formation, Key Event (KE) 1 in the adverse outcome pathway for skin sensitization. Although multipl...

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2,128 Views

21 Pages

Development of a Polyclonal Antibody for the Immunoanalysis of Ochratoxin A (OTA) by Employing a Specially Designed Synthetic OTA Derivative as the Immunizing Hapten

Chrysoula-Evangelia Karachaliou,
Christos Zikos,
Christos Liolios,
Maria Pelecanou and
Evangelia Livaniou

Toxins2025, 17(8), 415;https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17080415

16 August 2025

We report herein the development of a polyclonal antibody against ochratoxin A (OTA) using a specially designed synthetic OTA derivative as the immunizing hapten. This OTA derivative contains a tetrapeptide linker (glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-lysine, GGGK),...

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