Once perceived as a disorder treated by vasodilation, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) has emerged as a pulmonary vascular disease with severe endothelial cell dysfunction. In the absence of a cure, many studies seek to understand the detailed mec...
Obesity-related cardiac dysfunction is a significant global health challenge. High-fat diets (HFDs) are well-established models of obesity. HFD has been reported to induce cardiac dysfunction and alter cardiac miRNA expression, DNA methylation and hi...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have traditionally been viewed as disorders of distinct organ systems. IBS is a gut–brain axis disorder characterized by abdominal pain, altered bow...
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic fatty liver disease (MASLD), a novel definition for NAFLD, represents one of the most common causes of liver disease, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. It is characterized by a complex etiopathogene...
In both developing and industrialized Countries, the growing prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and the severity of its related complications make T2DM one of the most challenging metabolic diseases worldwide. The close relationship betwee...
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a characteristic feature of cancer. In this review, we concentrate on mechanisms leading to CIN in myeloid neoplasia, i.e., myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The pathogenesis of myeloid n...
Endothelial dysfunction is the main initiating factor in atherosclerosis. Through mechanotransduction, shear stress regulates endothelial cell function in both homeostatic and diseased states. Accumulating evidence reveals that epigenetic changes pla...
Inter-organ crosstalk plays an essential role in the physiological homeostasis of the heart and other organs, and requires a complex interaction between a host of cellular, molecular, and neural factors. Derangements in these interactions can initiat...
This study investigated the effects of fish oil (FO) treatment, particularly enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. The investigation focused on elucidating the impact of FO on epigenetic modif...
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a non-communicable disease characterised by a cluster of metabolic irregularities. Alarmingly, the prevalence of MetS in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and antiretroviral (ARV) usage is increasing r...
In recent years, a role for epigenetic modifications in the pathophysiology of disease has received significant attention. Many studies are now beginning to explore the gene–environment interactions, which may mediate early-life exposure to risk fact...
Essential hypertension remains poorly understood, despite the enormous efforts of research, which brought understanding of certain physiopathological and treatment mechanisms. New insights have emerged from recent data showing that environmental insu...
Endothelial cell inflammatory activation and dysfunction are key events in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, and are associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular events. Yet, therapies specifically targeting the endothelium and atheroscle...
Glaucoma, a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder, is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Despite significant advancements in our understanding of its pathogenesis and management, early diagnosis and effective treatme...
Diabetes has been shown to accelerate vascular senescence, which is associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, both implicated in the development of endothelial dysfunction. This condition represents the initial alteration linking dia...
CD8+ T cells are critical for controlling viremia during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These cells produce cytolytic factors and antiviral cytokines that eliminate virally- infected cells. During the chronic phase of HIV infection, CD...
Fish represent an excellent source of animal protein as well as a biomedical research model as a result of their evolutionary relatedness and similarity with the human genome. Commercial and ornamental fish culture has achieved popularity, but reprod...
The transcription factor HOXA5, from the HOX gene family, has long been studied due to its critical role in physiological activities in normal cells, such as organ development and body patterning, and pathological activities in cancer cells. Nonethel...
Microvascular dysfunction (MVD) has long plagued the medical field despite improvements in its prevention, diagnosis, and intervention. Microvascular lesions from MVD increase with age and further lead to impaired microcirculation, target organ dysfu...
The impact of ionizing radiation (IR) with induction of various DNA damage is based not only on genetic but also on epigenetic effects. Epigenetic modifications determine the chromatin structure and DNA accessibility, thereby regulating cellular func...
Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are the main pathways of cellular energy production. Glucose is metabolized via glycolysis to generate pyruvate, which, under anaerobic conditions, is converted into lactate, while, under aerobic conditions, p...
Cognitive impairment after surgery is a common problem, affects mainly the elderly, and can be divided into postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Both phenomena are accompanied by neuroinflammation; however, the precise mole...
Lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (lean MASLD) challenges longstanding views that link hepatic steatosis primarily to obesity. Emerging as a distinct and under-recognized clinical entity, lean MASLD affects individuals wit...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease characterized by multiorgan affectation and lowered self-tolerance. Additionally, epigenetic changes have been described as playing a pivotal role in SLE. This work aims to a...
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a neuroinflammation- and immune-dysfunction-related chronic disease. Corticosteroids, a class of steroid hormones with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, have been studied for their role in GWI pathop...
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), described as the most prominent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, has emerged as a significant public health issue, posing a considerable challenge for most countries. Endocrin...
As aging societies in the western world face a growing prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), understanding their underlying causes and associated risk factors becomes increasingly critical. A salient concern...
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, peripheral cytopenia, and dysplasia in one or more myeloid lineages, with a variable risk of progression to acute myeloid le...
Diabetes and its vascular complications affect an increasing number of people. This disease of epidemic proportion nowadays involves abnormalities of large and small blood vessels, all commencing with alterations of the endothelial cell (EC) function...
Chronic alcohol exposure induces complex pathophysiological changes in the central nervous system (CNS), contributing to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. This review integrates recent findings on ethanol-induced neurotoxicity...
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of CAG trinucleotide repeat located in the exon 1 of Huntingtin (HTT) gene in human chromosome 4. The HTT protein is ubiquitously expressed in the brain. Spec...
Rett syndrome is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs primarily in females and is caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene located on the X chromosome. Though MECP2 acts as a representative transcriptional regu...
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME), also known as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), is a debilitating and heterogeneous disorder marked by persistent fatigue, post-exertional malaise, cognitive impairment, and multisystem dysfunction. Despite its prevalenc...
CD8+ T cells are critical for controlling HIV infection. During the chronic phase of lentiviral infection, CD8+ T cells lose their proliferative capacity and exhibit impaired antiviral function. This loss of CD8+ T cell function is due, in part, to C...
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) remains a leading cause of disability worldwide, perpetuated by an incomplete understanding of its pathophysiology and the limited efficacy of conventional antidepressants. Historically, research has focused on neuron-...
DNA methylation is an epigenetic process that commonly occurs in genes’ promoters and results in the transcriptional silencing of genes. DNA methylation is a frequent event in bladder cancer, participating in tumor initiation and progression. B...
The protein-bound uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), are considered to be harmful vascular toxins. Arterial media calcification, or the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the arteries, contributes significantly t...
Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) are among the leading causes of liver disease worldwide. The exact roles of epigenetic factors in both diseases remains largely unknown. In...
The bronchial vascular endothelial network plays important roles in pulmonary pathology during respiratory viral infections, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A(H1N1) and importantly SARS-Cov-2. All of these infections can be sev...
Epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming alterations are two important features of tumors, and their reversible, spatial, and temporal regulation is a distinctive hallmark of carcinogenesis. Epigenetics, which focuses on gene regulatory mechanisms beyo...
Male reproductive aging proceeds gradually and involves complex alterations across germ cells, somatic cells, and the testicular niche. Multi-omics analyses highlight shifts in spermatogonial stem cell dynamics, diminished sperm quantity and quality,...
Neuroplasticity in the amygdala and its central nucleus (CeA) is linked to pain modulation and pain behaviors, but cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we addressed the role of small-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (SK) channels in...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe condition with a high mortality rate despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. In recent years, significant scientific progress has been made in the understanding of the underlying pa...
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex connective tissue disease that affects the skin and internal organs and is characterized by immune dysregulation, progressive fibrosis, and microvascular dysfunction. Chronic tissue ischemia, accompanied by impai...
Brain tumors elicit complex neuropsychiatric disturbances that frequently occur prior to radiological detection and hinder differentiation from major psychiatric disorders. These syndromes stem from tumor-dependent metabolic reprogramming, neuroimmun...
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and multifactorial disorder affecting reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic functions in women of reproductive age. While environmental and lifestyle factors play a role, increasing evidence...
Aging, a state of progressive decline in physiological function, is an important risk factor for chronic diseases, ranging from cancer and musculoskeletal frailty to cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding its cellular basis is c...
The gut microbiota greatly influences host physiology, including immune regulation, metabolic balance, and brain health. Aging is associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, including reduced microbial diversity and increased pro-inflammatory...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, complex, and progressive disease that is characterized by the abnormal remodeling of the pulmonary arteries that leads to right ventricular failure and death. Although our understanding of the causes f...
Arsenic intoxication represents a worldwide health problem and occurs mainly through drinking water. Arsenic, a metalloid and naturally occurring element, is one of the most abundant elements in the earth’s crust, whose toxicity depends on the...
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