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Feature Paper
Article

1 Citations

7,883 Views

35 Pages

Exploring the Gobi Wall: Archaeology of a Large-Scale Medieval Frontier System in the Mongolian Desert

Dan Golan,
Gideon Shelach-Lavi,
Chunag Amartuvshin,
Zhidong Zhang,
Ido Wachtel,
Jingchao Chen,
Gantumur Angaragdulguun,
Itay Lubel,
Dor Heimberg and
William Honeychurch
+ 2 authors

Land2025, 14(5), 1087;https://doi.org/10.3390/land14051087

16 May 2025

The Gobi Wall is a 321 km-long structure made of earth, stone, and wood, located in the Gobi highland desert of Mongolia. It is the least understood section of the medieval wall system that extends from China into Mongolia. This study aims to determi...

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Article

903 Views

25 Pages

Cost-Effective Thermal Mass Walls for Solar Greenhouses in Gobi Desert Regions

Xiaodan Zhang,
Jianming Xie,
Ning Ma,
Youlin Chang,
Jing Zhang and
Jing Li

Agriculture2025, 15(15), 1618;https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15151618

25 July 2025

Gobi solar greenhouses (GSGs) enhance energy, food, and financial security in Gobi Desert regions through passive solar utilization. Thermal mass walls are critical for plant thermal comfort in GSGs but can lead to resource waste if poorly designed....

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Article

811 Views

30 Pages

Energy Simulation-Driven Life-Cycle Costing of Gobi Solar Greenhouses: Stakeholder-Focused Analysis for Tomato Production

Xiaodan Zhang,
Jianming Xie,
Ning Ma,
Youlin Chang,
Jing Zhang and
Jing Li

Agriculture2025, 15(19), 2053;https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15192053

30 September 2025

Sustainable agricultural production systems are a global consensus. Their life-cycle economic feasibility is essential for long-term sustainable goals. This study integrates life-cycle costing with building energy simulation to assess the cost perfor...

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Article

30 Citations

3,852 Views

14 Pages

Wind-Tunnel Studies on Sand Sedimentation Around Wind-Break Walls of Lanxin High-Speed Railway II and Its Prevention

Hongchao Dun,
Guowei Xin,
Ning Huang,
Guangtian Shi and
Jie Zhang

Appl. Sci.2021, 11(13), 5989;https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135989

27 June 2021

Wind-break walls along Lanxin High-Speed Railway II were studied and approved as effective measures to reduce strong wind damage to the high-speed trains. The results show that sand sedimentation on the leeward sides of wind-break walls along the rai...

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Article

7 Citations

7,110 Views

35 Pages

Satellite ASTER Mineral Mapping the Provenance of the Loess Used by the Ming to Build their Earthen Great Wall

Tom Cudahy,
Pilong Shi,
Yulia Novikova and
Bihong Fu

Remote Sens.2020, 12(2), 270;https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12020270

14 January 2020

The earthen border wall (Great Wall) built by the Ming is largely made of wind-blown loess. However, does the composition of this loess change along the length of the wall in response to variations in regional sediment transport pathways and impactin...

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