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Soil Erosion and Sedimentation by Water
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Soil Erosion and Sedimentation by Water

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Erosion and Sediment Transport".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2025 | Viewed by 533

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Vito Ferro

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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: hydrology; hydraulics; soil erosion; sedimentology; soil; rivers; soil and water conservation; environmental science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Francesco Gentile

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Guest Editor
Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: soil erosion modeling; hydrological modeling; suspended sediment transport; check dams for torrent control; soil bioengineering techniques; flash floods in small watersheds; debris flows; slope stability
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Pampalone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: hydrology; hydraulics; soil erosion; sedimentology; soil; rivers; soil and water conservation; environmental science
Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Vergni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
Interests: soil erosion; agro-hydrological models; agricultural drought; irrigation planning; irrigation management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent communications of the European Union identify land degradation as a priority that the European and national environmental programs have to address. Soil erosion and sedimentation by water are often the main threats concerning land degradation. The former causes thinning of arable soil layer and loss of organic matter and nutrients, and the latter causes pollution and reduction in reservoir storage volume and channels’ aggradations that increase flood risk. As ongoing climate change promotes erosion processes, soil conservation measures are becoming more and more necessary. Monitoring and modeling soil loss and sediment yield is fundamental for identifying effective and sustainable soil conservation measures.

The Special Issue collects papers focusing on different aspects of the erosive phenomenon that range from the erosive agents (rainfall, runoff) to erosion control. Specifically, contributions are expected to focus on, but are not limited to, advanced methods for measuring rainfall energy characteristics, sheet, channelized (rill and gully) erosion, bed and suspended sediment load, modeling of runoff, soil loss, and sediment yield. Moreover, papers dealing with water erosion risk mapping and soil conservation measures, including nature-based solutions, are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Vito Ferro
Prof. Dr. Francesco Gentile
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Pampalone
Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Vergni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil erosion
  • sediment yield
  • soil conservation
  • erosion plot
  • basin
  • sheet erosion
  • channelized erosion
  • erosion risk mapping

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 1448 KiB  
Article
Stabilization of Sandy Soil Against Internal Erosion Using Fly Ash with Alkali-Activated Binder
by Mohammad Almasaeid, Mousa Attom, Magdi El-Emam and Mohamad G. Arab
Water 2025, 17(10), 1552; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17101552 - 21 May 2025
Abstract
Seepage forces due to the flow of water inside embankment hydraulic structures, such as dams or levees, result in internal erosion or piping. This will result in a reduction in soil strength, causing the failure of hydraulic structures. Stabilization of the soil is [...] Read more.
Seepage forces due to the flow of water inside embankment hydraulic structures, such as dams or levees, result in internal erosion or piping. This will result in a reduction in soil strength, causing the failure of hydraulic structures. Stabilization of the soil is one of the most effective approaches to avoid such catastrophic failure and prevent significant loss of life and property. The objective of this research is to stabilize sandy soil against internal erosion using fly ash (FA) alone and fly ash mixed with alkali-activated binder (NaOH). Although fly ash is commonly used for clay soil, its reactivity with alkali activators like NaOH makes it a potential candidate for stabilizing non-cohesive sandy soils when combined with alkaline solutions. A well-graded sandy soil was selected and mixed with fly ash alone and fly ash with sodium hydroxide at different percentages. Compaction curves were determined for each percentage, and specimens from the mix were remolded at 98% relative compaction and optimum moisture content corresponding to the compaction curve value. The hole erosion test (HET) was employed to evaluate internal erosion parameters. During the hole erosion test, seepage conditions were simulated by applying a controlled water flow through remolded specimens to replicate erosion caused by internal seepage forces. Additionally, the internal erosion parameters were evaluated at different curing times (2 days, 7 days, and 28 days were selected to capture short-term, intermediate, and long-term effects of chemical reactions on soil stabilization). Parameters such as the friction factor, coefficient of soil erosion, and critical shear stress were obtained, and the erosion rate index (IHET) was determined. It was found that using FA–NaOH significantly reduced internal erosion and increased the erosion rate index and the critical shear of the soil. The addition of 10% fly ash mixed with activated-alkali binder at 7 days curing time stabilized the soil against erosion. At this percentage, the erosion rate index equal to 5.3 and soil was categorized as: “very slow erosion”. However, mixing the sand with fly ash alone has a small or insignificant effect on the internal erosion of the soil, especially at higher percentages of fly ash. The optimum percentage of fly ash alone to improve the soil resistance to internal erosion was found to be 5% at 28 days of curing time where the soil rated as “moderately slow”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion and Sedimentation by Water)
18 pages, 2408 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Stream Water Quality on Draining of Planted Coniferous and Natural Deciduous Forest Catchments in South Korea
by Sooyoun Nam, Qiwen Li, Byoungki Choi, Hyung Tae Choi and Honggeun Lim
Water 2025, 17(10), 1535; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17101535 - 20 May 2025
Abstract
The quality characteristics of runoff water during selected precipitation events in planted coniferous (CP) and natural deciduous (DN) forest stands in Pocheon-si, 27.0 km north of Seoul, were assessed via the mean event concentrations and discharge loads. The relationship [...] Read more.
The quality characteristics of runoff water during selected precipitation events in planted coniferous (CP) and natural deciduous (DN) forest stands in Pocheon-si, 27.0 km north of Seoul, were assessed via the mean event concentrations and discharge loads. The relationship between stream water quality and the runoff time differential (dQ/dt) indicated that the characteristics of the latter differed during the rising and falling stages of the two catchments. Pearson’s product moment correlation analysis revealed that chemical oxygen demand was significantly correlated with total organic carbon in the rising and falling limbs of the two catchments. When discharge loads were transported with actual precipitation events, the event load at the two sites increased with increasing discharge load. In particular, the total organic carbon and total nitrogen were higher in the CP catchment than in the DN catchment, whereas biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were higher in the DN catchment than in the CP catchment. Sequences of high and intense precipitation elevated discharge loads, with differences in loads related to the vegetation conditions in headwater areas (≤100 ha) with steep slopes (>20°) and narrow valleys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion and Sedimentation by Water)
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