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Aquaculture Productivity and Environmental Sustainability
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Aquaculture Productivity and Environmental Sustainability

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water, Agriculture and Aquaculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2821

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Changwei Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Agricultural Engineering Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Interests: recirculating aquaculture system; aquaculture wastewater treatment; moving bed biofilm reactor; biofloc; emerging pollutants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wenchang Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Interests: environmental engineering; aquaculture; wastewater treatment; resource recycling; sustainable aquaculture
Dr. Gang Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
Interests: aquatic biological environmental engineering; sustainable aquaculture technolo-gies; high-throughput data processing; bioinformatics analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The demand for high-quality protein from the world's growing population is setting higher standards for aquaculture. However, rapid increases in aquaculture production have generated a wide range of severe environmental issues, in particular water pollution and land resource grabbing. Also, climate change, such as droughts, floods, global warming, and ocean acidification, will pose a further threat to global aquaculture production. For aquaculture growth to be sustainable, its environmental impact must be significantly reduced. To date, a number of adaptation strategies have proven to improve aquaculture productivity and environmental sustainability.

This Special Issue welcomes both original research and reviews. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Integrated aquaculture;
  • Optimized aquacultural engineering;
  • Advances in aquaculture wastewater treatment;
  • Precise farming management;
  • Smart aquaculture.

Dr. Changwei Li
Dr. Wenchang Liu
Dr. Gang Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • recirculating aquaculture systems
  • aquaculture engineering
  • wastewater treatment
  • environmental sustainability
  • precise farming management
  • smart aquaculture

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4354 KiB  
Article
Biological Production and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in a Water-Sharing and Water-Saving System Combining Aquaculture and Vegetable Hydroponic Cultivation
by Yoshiaki Kitaya, Yotsuba Shimakawa, Teruo Wada, Kenji Nakamura, Ryosuke Endo and Toshio Shibuya
Water 2025, 17(7), 963; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17070963 - 26 Mar 2025
Viewed by 257
Abstract
Aquaponics, a biological production system that combines land-based aquaculture and hydroponic cultivation of plants, is a water-sharing and water-saving system that is expected to be a sustainable food production system with water and nutrient resource circulation in agricultural and fisheries fields. The balance [...] Read more.
Aquaponics, a biological production system that combines land-based aquaculture and hydroponic cultivation of plants, is a water-sharing and water-saving system that is expected to be a sustainable food production system with water and nutrient resource circulation in agricultural and fisheries fields. The balance among feeding, fish density, and plant absorption capacity was investigated to obtain fundamental data for sustainable aquaponic systems. To clarify the effects of feeding rates on biological production and nitrogen utilization efficiency, fish and plant growth performance and nitrogen flow were evaluated in an aquaponic system that combined loach aquaculture with lettuce hydroponic cultivation. Test groups with different feeding rates and different fish densities were set. As a result, the fertilizer components in loach excreta contributed to plant growth, and the growth rate of lettuce plants tended to be greater than that of control hydroponic cultivation without fish. However, there was no difference in lettuce growth at feeding rates of 0 to 2 g d−1/system, but above 2 g d−1/system, the growth of lettuce plants was suppressed due to an overload of excreta. The yield of loaches increased with increasing daily feeding rate per system, but a minimum feed conversion ratio was detected. The NO2− concentration increased with increasing daily feeding rate per system and amount of excreta. The nitrogen use efficiency did not change at feeding rates ranging from 0 to 1.5 g d−1/system. In this feeding rate range, 80% of NUE in aquaponics was due to NUE in the plant hydroponic cultivation subsystem. However, above 2 g d−1/system, nitrogen use efficiency decreased with increasing daily feeding rate per system. A feeding rate of approximately 1.5 g d−1/system maximized biological production while maintaining high nitrogen utilization efficiency. In conclusion, a balance among feeding, fish density, and plant absorption capacity is essential to maintain a sustainable aquaponic system for sustainable fish and plant production as a food production system, saving water and chemical fertilizer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Productivity and Environmental Sustainability)
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25 pages, 2551 KiB  
Article
Impact of Temperature Reduction from 14 °C to 12 °C in RASs on Atlantic Salmon: Increased Mineral Accumulation in RASs and Enhanced Growth Post-Transfer to Seawater
by Vegard Øvstetun Flo, Jon Øvrum Hansen, Tomé Silva, Jannicke Vigen and Odd-Ivar Lekang
Water 2025, 17(6), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17060803 - 11 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1250
Abstract
Robust, healthy, and fast-growing smolt is of high importance for fish farmers as a way of reducing the mortality and production time of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in open sea pens. Lowering the water temperature in flow-through systems (FTSs) compared to [...] Read more.
Robust, healthy, and fast-growing smolt is of high importance for fish farmers as a way of reducing the mortality and production time of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in open sea pens. Lowering the water temperature in flow-through systems (FTSs) compared to recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) has shown promising results for the growth and health of fish post-transfer to sea; unfortunately, limited information is available on the same parameters in replicated RAS setups. Hence, the current study aimed to compare the performance of Atlantic salmon reared at 12 and 14 °C over a 9-week RAS period and a subsequent 10-week post-transfer period, while also investigating the accumulation pattern of minerals in RASs. The results showed a 100% survival and comparable condition factors and cardiosomatic index (CSI) across both temperatures. During the RAS period, the thermal growth coefficient (TGC) was higher at 12 °C, but body weight gain and feed consumption were lower. No differences in mineral retention or fecal stability were observed. However, the production water accumulated more dissolved phosphorus (DP) and total iron (Fe) at 12 °C. Post-transfer, the TGC remained higher for fish with a rearing history of 12 °C. This fish also had higher body weight gain and feed consumption while exhibiting a lower hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI), indicating improved muscle growth. Overall, lower water temperature reduced growth and increased DP and Fe in RASs. However, it improved post-transfer weight gain of muscle tissue, highlighting its benefits for seawater performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Productivity and Environmental Sustainability)
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14 pages, 1678 KiB  
Article
Kinetics Modeling for Degradation of Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol by Photo-Electrogenerated Radicals
by Luowei Pei, Shuo Wang, Ye Tian, Xinyi Zhu, Zhangying Ye and Xiaoling Huang
Water 2025, 17(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17010057 - 28 Dec 2024
Viewed by 997
Abstract
With increasingly severe cyanobacterial blooms, the overflow of off-flavor compounds represented by geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) is becoming a global water quality issue. The UV photo-electrochemical process is considered an environmentally friendly technology for GSM and 2-MIB degradation. In this study, a [...] Read more.
With increasingly severe cyanobacterial blooms, the overflow of off-flavor compounds represented by geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) is becoming a global water quality issue. The UV photo-electrochemical process is considered an environmentally friendly technology for GSM and 2-MIB degradation. In this study, a kinetics model using the pseudo-first-rate constants for the elimination of GSM and 2-MIB was developed in the UV photo-electrochemical process. The model can be applied successfully to predict the degradation of GSM and 2-MIB under different electrolyte concentrations, initial pH values of the solutions, and current densities. The GSM and 2-MIB degradation rates improved with increases in the electrolyte concentration. With an increase in the pH value from 5 to 11, the rate constants for the degradation of GSM and 2-MIB were reduced by 52.9% and 69.5%, respectively. The degradation of GSM and 2-MIB showed positive correlations with the current density in the kinetic model. Furthermore, the significant roles of HO• and Cl• were evaluated by scavenging experiments and kinetics modeling. HO• was the dominant radical for GSM degradation, and Cl• played a crucial role in 2-MIB elimination. The results demonstrate that the UV photo-electrochemical process could be an efficient way for the mineralization of off-flavor compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture Productivity and Environmental Sustainability)
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