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Application of Electrochemical Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2024) | Viewed by 7436

Special Issue Editors

School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Interests: wastewater treatment and reuse; bio-electrochemical technology for wastewater treatment; water and wastewater infrastructure
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Guest Editor
Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Interests: bio-electrochemical oxidation; bio-electrochemical reduction; interspecies electron transfer; photo-electrochemical technology; synthesis of semiconductor biohybrids

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Guest Editor
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
Interests: environmental biotechnology; biological wastewater treatment; nutrient removal and recovery; bioelectrochemistry; electroactive biofilms

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Guest Editor
Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Interests: bioelectrochemistry; biotechnology; water treatments; electroactive biofilms; extracellular electron transfer; element cycling; electrochemical materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Access to clean water is an essential pillar of human civilization. However, water systems, including natural aquatic environments and artificial water treatment facilities, are constantly threatened by  pollutants. To address this issue, diverse decontamination technologies have been developed. Electrochemistry-based technologies showcase competitive and attractive advantages in advancing the development of tunable and stable water and wastewater  treatments for effective and efficient decontamination, as well as bio-energy and resource recovery. Moreover, electrochemical approaches serve as promising modules to combine biological processes and other multidisciplinary pipelines to meet the increasing demands of decontamination. In this regard, innovative electrochemical technologies with broad applicability and relevant mechanistic understandings of their environmental implications are of fundamental and practical interest. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to shed light on recent primary discoveries on the application of electrochemical technologies in water and wastewater  treatment. Original research papers with high scientific quality as well as state-of-the-art review articles are welcomed. The topics covered in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

Used in water and wastewater treatment:

  • Effective electrode materials/catalysts;
  • Insightful mechanisms on electrode interfacial reactions;
  • Pollutant transformation in electrochemical systems;
  • Bio-electrochemical technology;
  • Development of electrochemical equipment for engineering application.

Prof. Min Ji
Dr. Yinxiu Liang
Dr. Siyuan Zhai
Dr. Shaofeng Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • water and wastewater treatment
  • electrode materials
  • electrode–liquid interface
  • electrochemical redox process
  • bio-electrochemical technology
  • degradation of organic pollutants
  • detoxification of heavy metals
  • resource recovery

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 1583 KiB  
Article
The Efficiency of Chemical and Electrochemical Coagulation Methods for Pretreatment of Wastewater from Underground Coal Gasification
by Mateusz Szul, Katarzyna Rychlewska, Tomasz Iluk and Tomasz Billig
Water 2024, 16(17), 2540; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16172540 - 8 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567
Abstract
This article compares chemical coagulation with electrocoagulation, two popular methods for the primary treatment of wastewater generated in the process of underground coal gasification (UCG). The primary aim was to determine which method is more effective in the removal of cyanide and sulphide [...] Read more.
This article compares chemical coagulation with electrocoagulation, two popular methods for the primary treatment of wastewater generated in the process of underground coal gasification (UCG). The primary aim was to determine which method is more effective in the removal of cyanide and sulphide ions, metals and metalloids, as well as organic compounds. In both cases, experiments were conducted in batch 1 dm3 reactors and using iron ions. Four types of coagulants were tested during the chemical coagulation study: FeCl2, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, and FeCl3. In the electrocoagulation experiments, pure iron Armco steel was used to manufacture the sacrificial iron anode. Both processes were tested under a wide range of operating conditions (pH, time, Fe dose) to determine their maximum efficiency for treating UCG wastewater. It was found that, through electrocoagulation, a dose as low as 60 mg Fe/dm3 leads to >60% cyanide reduction and >98% sulphide removal efficiency, while for chemical coagulation, even a dose of 307 mg Fe/dm3 did not achieve more than 24% cyanide ion removal. Moreover, industrial chemical coagulants, especially when used in very high doses, can be a substantial source of cross-contamination with trace elements. Full article
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12 pages, 4803 KiB  
Article
In-Situ Improvement of the Sediment Microenvironment by Nitrate in Tailwater of Wastewater Treatment Plants Combined with Aerobic Denitrifying Bacteria under Low-DO Regulation
by Junyi Chen, Chao Zhang, Yun Liu, Jie Tian and Jianbo Guo
Water 2024, 16(7), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16071000 - 29 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1458
Abstract
Preventing the rebound of black and odorous water bodies is critical for improving the ecological environment of water bodies. This study examined the effect and underlying mechanism of in-situ improvement of the sediment microenvironment by nitrate in the tailwater of wastewater treatment plants [...] Read more.
Preventing the rebound of black and odorous water bodies is critical for improving the ecological environment of water bodies. This study examined the effect and underlying mechanism of in-situ improvement of the sediment microenvironment by nitrate in the tailwater of wastewater treatment plants combined with aerobic denitrifying bacteria under low-DO regulation (TailN + CFM + LDO). On the 60th day of remediation, the levels of dissolved oxygen and oxidation–reduction potential in the overlying water rose to 5.6 mg/L and 300 mV, respectively, the concentration of acid volatile sulfide within the sediment significantly decreased by 70.4%, and the organic matter content in the sediment was reduced by 62.7%, in which the heavy fraction organic matter was degraded from 105 g/kg to 56 g/kg, and the potential risk of water reverting to black and odorous conditions significantly decreased. Amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that the relative abundance of the electroactive bacteria Thiobacillus and Pseudomonas with denitrification capacity was found to be significantly higher in the TailN + CFM + LDO group than in the other remediation groups. Functional prediction of the 16S sequencing results indicated that both the quantity and activity of critical microbial enzymes involved in nitrification and denitrification processes could be enhanced in the TailN + CFM + LDO group. These results improved our understanding of the improvement of the sediment microenvironment and could thus facilitate its application. Full article
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Review

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26 pages, 3333 KiB  
Review
Electrocoagulation as a Remedial Approach for Phosphorus Removal from Onsite Wastewater: A Review
by Arif Reza, Shannon Haller and Xinwei Mao
Water 2024, 16(22), 3206; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16223206 - 8 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1992
Abstract
Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs), although essential for managing domestic sewage in areas without centralized sewerage treatment plants, often release phosphorus (P) into the environment due to inadequate treatment. This unregulated P discharge exacerbates water quality degradation and jeopardizes aquatic habitats and human [...] Read more.
Onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs), although essential for managing domestic sewage in areas without centralized sewerage treatment plants, often release phosphorus (P) into the environment due to inadequate treatment. This unregulated P discharge exacerbates water quality degradation and jeopardizes aquatic habitats and human health. Among different treatment technologies, electrocoagulation (EC) demonstrates considerable potential for addressing this challenge by efficiently removing P from OWTSs and thus protecting water resources and ecological integrity. Through electrochemical reactions, EC destabilizes and aggregates P-bearing particles, facilitating their removal through precipitation. Compared to conventional treatment approaches, i.e., chemical and biological methods, EC offers several advantages, including high efficiency, minimal chemical usage, and adaptability to varying wastewater compositions. This review underscores the urgent need for mitigating P discharge from OWTSs and the efficacy of EC as a sustainable solution for P removal, offering insights into its mechanisms, reactor design considerations, important operational factors, performance, and potential applications in OWTSs as well as providing future research directions. Full article
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15 pages, 1748 KiB  
Review
The Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Biological Electrochemical System: A Mini-Review
by Yu Tian, Rumeng Wang, Min Ji, Ruimin Tian, Renjie Wang, Bo Zhang, Shaopo Wang and Lingjie Liu
Water 2024, 16(17), 2424; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16172424 - 28 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2014
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent environmental pollutants commonly found in water and sediments, posing significant health risks due to their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. The stable and sustainable degradation of PAHs has garnered significant attention from researchers. Biological electrochemical systems (BESs) offer [...] Read more.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent environmental pollutants commonly found in water and sediments, posing significant health risks due to their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity. The stable and sustainable degradation of PAHs has garnered significant attention from researchers. Biological electrochemical systems (BESs) offer a promising approach with advantages in energy efficiency, safety, environmental protection, and long-term operation. This review examines the degradation performance and microbial community dynamics of BESs in the treatment of PAH-contaminated water and sediments. Additionally, the metabolites formed during the degradation process were also summarized. This review summarizes the degradation characteristics of PAH-contaminated water and sediments and aims to guide future research and optimize BESs for effective remediation of PAHs in various environmental settings. Full article
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