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Persistent Toxic Substances (PTSs) Pollution: Current Status, Distribution and Evolution...
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Persistent Toxic Substances (PTSs) Pollution: Current Status, Distribution and Evolution Trend in Waters

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 5478

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chengkai Qu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: persistent organic pollutants; air quality; water pollution; emission sources; geochemical baseline; atmospheric transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jiji Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
Interests: persistent organic pollutants; marine pollution; micro- and nano-plastics toxicity and behavior; POPs transport by food chain; marine microalgae and mussels; heavy metals; nano materials toxicity
Dr. Yu Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
Interests: lake pollution; microplastics phyto-toxicity ; heavy metals; climate change; submerged macrophyte; aquatic plants

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Persistent toxic substances (PTSs) include but are not limited to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluroalkyl substances (PFASs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), micro- and nano-plastics, nanomaterials, and potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Most of them are released into wastewater and are only partially removed by wastewater treatment plants. Thus, they can be discharged into surface water bodies and then marine environments, generating potential adverse effects on the biota. The current status, distribution and evolution trend of PTSs in waters are intricate and urgent need to be known.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of original research and review articles on environmental processes and impacts associated with aquatic PTSs on a global or regional scale that contribute to increasing awareness of their environmental fate, potential, and impact on aquatic ecosystem and human health. Relevant topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • research of sources and transport of PTSs in water;
  • study on the ecotoxicology of PTSs in water;
  • interaction between/among PTSs and the effects of mixture on aquatic organisms and human being;
  • development of the technologies on PTSs detection and measurement.

Prof. Dr. Chengkai Qu
Dr. Jiji Li
Dr. Yu Cao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • persistent toxic substances
  • persistent organic pollutants
  • heavy metals
  • water pollution
  • transport process
  • emission sources
  • risk assessment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9906 KiB  
Article
Distribution and Fate of Polyethylene Microplastics Released by a Portable Toilet Manufacturer into a Freshwater Wetland and Lake
by Julie R. Peller, Gavin Tabor, Christina Davis, Chris Iceman, Ozioma Nwachukwu, Kyle Doudrick, Antigone Wilson, Alyssa Suprenant, David Dabertin and Jon-Paul McCool
Water 2024, 16(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16010011 - 20 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1378
Abstract
A portable toilet manufacturer in northwest Indiana (USA) released polyethylene microplastic (MP) pollution into a protected wetland for at least three years. To assess the loads, movement, and fate of the MPs in the wetland from this point source, water and sediment samples [...] Read more.
A portable toilet manufacturer in northwest Indiana (USA) released polyethylene microplastic (MP) pollution into a protected wetland for at least three years. To assess the loads, movement, and fate of the MPs in the wetland from this point source, water and sediment samples were collected in the fall and spring of 2021–2023. Additional samples, including sediment cores and atmospheric particulates, were collected during the summer of 2023 from select areas of the wetland. The MPs were isolated from the field samples using density separation, filtration, and chemical oxidation. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy analyses identified the MPs as polyethylene, which were quantified visually using a stereomicroscope. The numbers of MPs in 100 mL of the marsh water closest to the source ranged from several hundred to over 400,000, while the open water samples contained few microplastics. Marsh surface sediments were highly contaminated with MPs, up to 18,800 per 30.0 g dry mass (dm), compared to core samples in the lower depths (>15 cm) that contained only smaller MPs (<200 µm), numbering 0–480 per 30.0 g (dm). The wide variations in loads of MP contaminants indicate the influence of numerous factors, such as proximity to the point source pollution, weather conditions, natural matter, and pollution sinks, namely sediment deposition. As proof of concept, we demonstrated a novel remediation method using these real-world samples to effectively agglomerate and remove MPs from contaminated waters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Persistent Toxic Substances (PTSs) Pollution: Current Status, Distribution and Evolution Trend in Waters)
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12 pages, 2263 KiB  
Article
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Water Bodies of Dong Lake and Tangxun Lake, China: Spatial Distribution, Potential Sources and Risk Assessment
by Kuo Yao, Zhanling Xie, Lihao Zhi, Zefan Wang and Chengkai Qu
Water 2023, 15(13), 2416; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132416 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1551
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of highly toxic organic pollutants. At present, there has only been limited research into PAH contamination in Tangxun Lake and Dong Lake, which are the first and second largest urban inland lakes in China, respectively. This [...] Read more.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of highly toxic organic pollutants. At present, there has only been limited research into PAH contamination in Tangxun Lake and Dong Lake, which are the first and second largest urban inland lakes in China, respectively. This study investigated the concentration, spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks of PAHs in the water from Dong Lake and Tangxun Lake. The focus of this study is to use models to analyze the sources of PAHs, as well as their potential toxicity to humans, in the water bodies of Dong Lake and Tangxun Lake. This study performed liquid–liquid extraction to extract PAHs from lake water samples using dichloromethane and then used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantitatively analyze the PAHs in the samples. The total concentration of the ∑16PAHs showed high variability among different sampling points, ranging from 12.92 to 989.09 ng/L, with an arithmetic mean of 121.97 ng/L. The composition of the ∑16PAHs was mainly concentrated at a low molecular weight (>70%). The molecular distributions of PAH studies, combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF), indicate that oil and coal combustion are the main sources of PAHs in Dong Lake and Tangxun Lake. The model of PMF succeeded in identifying and quantifying five sources with similar contributions: the combustion of petroleum products, heavy oil burning, coal combustion, traffic emissions, and natural gas and oil combustion mixed. According to toxicity equivalency (TEQ) and lifelong cancer risk (ILCR) research, PAHs from traffic sources in the environment may be more toxic, and the potential carcinogenic risk of PAH pollution to humans in Tangxun Lake and Dong Lake water bodies is relatively inferior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Persistent Toxic Substances (PTSs) Pollution: Current Status, Distribution and Evolution Trend in Waters)
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15 pages, 2958 KiB  
Article
Occurrence, Potential Risk Assessment, and Source Apportionment of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water from Beiluo River
by Qidi Wang, Shiwei Yan, Chao Chang, Chengkai Qu, Yulu Tian, Jinxi Song and Jiahua Guo
Water 2023, 15(3), 459; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15030459 - 23 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1875
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are highly hazardous, persistent, and bioaccumulative substances that pose a threat to water quality in a number of locations, including the Beiluo River in Shaanxi Province, China. However, little is known about the contribution of PCBs to the Beiluo River. [...] Read more.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are highly hazardous, persistent, and bioaccumulative substances that pose a threat to water quality in a number of locations, including the Beiluo River in Shaanxi Province, China. However, little is known about the contribution of PCBs to the Beiluo River. In this study, in order to look into the impact of sources on the water of the Beiluo River, the discovered PCB congeners in water were examined on a regional scale. The concentration of PCBs in water across Beiluo River was in the range from 0.065 to 1.92 ng L−1, and the average concentration was 0.37 ng L−1. The main PCB sources in the Beiluo River waterbody were found using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Source apportionment results indicated that the PCB pollution of the Beiluo River was mostly caused by industrial emissions, technical PCB mixtures, and coal and wood combustion. According to current ecological risk assessment guidelines, the PCB concentrations found in this study may have a negative impact on biological systems. Overall, the new information about the presence of several PCBs in the water of the Beiluo River justifies the need for urgent management actions, as well as long-term monitoring efforts, to protect ecosystems. Future investigations of these chemicals in China may use the conclusions of this first ecological risk level assessment on the PCB contamination in the waterbody of the Beiluo River as a guide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Persistent Toxic Substances (PTSs) Pollution: Current Status, Distribution and Evolution Trend in Waters)
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