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Advanced Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles
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Advanced Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles

A special issue of Vehicles (ISSN 2624-8921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 21052

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Teresa Donateo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, LE, Italy
Interests: fluid machinery; energy systems; power generation; automotive and aircraft
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly becoming a part of the modern transportation system, but their diffusion in the market is still negatively affected by technical, environmental, and economic issues affecting the energy storage systems in the case of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell vehicles.

In the case of BEVs, the energy storage system is usually a secondary (rechargeable) battery, but hybrid electric storage systems (HESSs), mainly consisting of a battery coupled with supercapacitors, are also considered in the literature. In the case of fuel cell vehicles, the storage systems depend on the kind of converter and powertrain, and usually consist of a fuel tank to feed a fuel cell, either directly or through a reformer. However, fuel cells are not able to follow the dynamic power request of a vehicle, so they are usually combined with an electric storage system, in a series hybrid electric configuration.

In this context, this Special Issue aims to be an open platform to share knowledge about advanced storage systems for BEVs and FCVs. It particularly seeks review papers and original contributions describing either experimental or numerical investigations with emphasis on the expected advantages in terms of range, cost, and environmental issues with a life-cycle assessment (LCA) approach (i.e., “from start to finish” of the storage systems).

Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly becoming a part of the modern transportation system, but their diffusion in the market is still negatively affected by technical, environmental, and economic issues affecting the energy storage systems in the case of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell vehicles. The scope of this Special Issue is to collect review and research papers about the most promising technologies for energy storage systems, including batteries, storage systems for fuel cells, hybrid electric storage systems, etc. and to underline the expected improvement in range, cost, and environmental issues along their life cycle.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Teresa Donateo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vehicles is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • batteries 
  • hydrogen
  • supercapacitors 
  • HESSs 
  • BEVs 
  • FCVs 
  • LCA

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 10141 KiB  
Article
From Microcars to Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Vehicle Performance Comparison of Battery and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
by Shemin Sagaria, António Moreira, Fernanda Margarido and Patricia Baptista
Vehicles 2021, 3(4), 691-720; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3040041 - 13 Oct 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 6069
Abstract
Low vehicle occupancy rates combined with record conventional vehicle sales justify the requirement to optimize vehicle type based on passengers and a powertrain with zero-emissions. This study compares the performance of different vehicle types based on the number of passengers/payloads, powertrain configuration (battery [...] Read more.
Low vehicle occupancy rates combined with record conventional vehicle sales justify the requirement to optimize vehicle type based on passengers and a powertrain with zero-emissions. This study compares the performance of different vehicle types based on the number of passengers/payloads, powertrain configuration (battery and fuel cell electric configurations), and drive cycles, to assess range and energy consumption. An adequate choice of vehicle segment according to the real passenger occupancy enables the least energy consumption. Vehicle performance in terms of range points to remarkable results for the FCEV (fuel cell electric vehicle) compared to BEV (battery electric vehicle), where the former reached an average range of 600 km or more in all different drive cycles, while the latter was only cruising nearly 350 km. Decisively, the cost analysis indicated that FCEV remains the most expensive option with base cost three-fold that of BEV. The FCEV showed notable results with an average operating cost of less than 7 cents/km, where BEV cost more than 10 €/km in addition to the base cost for light-duty vehicles. The cost analysis for a bus and semi-truck showed that with a full payload, FCPT (fuel cell powertrain) would be more economical with an average energy cost of ~1.2 €/km, while with BPT the energy cost is more than 300 €/km. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles)
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18 pages, 9910 KiB  
Article
Thermal Runaway and Fire Suppression Applications for Different Types of Lithium Ion Batteries
by Cagri Un and Kadir Aydın
Vehicles 2021, 3(3), 480-497; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3030029 - 5 Aug 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 8972
Abstract
With the improvement of lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology, safety is becoming increasingly urgent topic for battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Short circuits, overcharging, high temperatures and overheating can cause thermal runaway reactions and the release of the flammable electrolyte which makes fire suppression very [...] Read more.
With the improvement of lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology, safety is becoming increasingly urgent topic for battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Short circuits, overcharging, high temperatures and overheating can cause thermal runaway reactions and the release of the flammable electrolyte which makes fire suppression very difficult. This study focuses on the mechanism of thermal runaway and fire suppression applications of LIBs. In order to understand this, 10 experiments were carried out. The experiments were divided into as Exp. A and Exp. B. A manual water suppression system was used in Exp. A and an automatic boron-based suppression system (AUT-BOR) was used in Exp. B. LIBs were heated in a controlled manner with a heat source and the effects of thermal runaway and fire suppression were observed. In Exp. A, a large amount of water was required to extinguish the LIB fires. The holes and slits which formed in the LIB after a fire were useful for injecting water. A projectile effect of cylindrical cells was observed in Exp. A. The Exp. B results showed that AUT-BOR mitigates risks effectively and safely. Also, AUT-BOR provides an early fire warning system and spot cooling to prevent thermal runaway reactions while localizing and suppressing the fire. In Exp. B, fire detection and suppression occurred without any explosion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles)
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20 pages, 3128 KiB  
Article
Design of a Bidirectional Wireless Power Transfer System for Vehicle-to-Home Applications
by Manuele Bertoluzzo, Stefano Giacomuzzi and Abhay Kumar
Vehicles 2021, 3(3), 406-425; https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles3030025 - 31 Jul 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4654
Abstract
Energy storage plays a fundamental role in balancing the power fluctuations induced by the distributed generation of renewable energy sources. In this scenario, electric vehicles can strongly contribute to exchange power with the grid through their on-board batteries. When the vehicle is parked, [...] Read more.
Energy storage plays a fundamental role in balancing the power fluctuations induced by the distributed generation of renewable energy sources. In this scenario, electric vehicles can strongly contribute to exchange power with the grid through their on-board batteries. When the vehicle is parked, the battery can be discharged, injecting active power into the grid, provided that its state of charge will be restored before vehicle utilization. This paper presents a comprehensive step-by-step design of a wireless charger for a Vehicle-to-Home application. The design procedure begins from the constraints disposed by the Italian reference technical rules for Low Voltage utilities and by the standard SAE J2954 for Wireless Power Transfer for electric vehicles. The selection of the output power of the battery is followed by the power sizing of each stage of the bidirectional wireless charger. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Storage Systems for Electric Vehicles)
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