Animal Herpesviruses: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Vaccines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 541

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
National Reference Centre for Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria-Marche, Perugia, Italy
Interests: herpesviruses; pestiviruses; African Swine Fever Virus; circovirus; swine influenza virus; porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus; cell biology; DNA immunization; chimeric vaccines; experimental infection in vivo and in vitro under BSL3 facilities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
Interests: alpha-herpesviruses (BoHV-1 and HSV-1); latency; virus-host interactions; viral gene expression
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Animal herpesviruses are responsible for significant economic losses throughout the world. The Herpesviridae family includes herpesviruses that infect vertebrates and invertebrates, and in veterinary medicine, the herpesviruses of cattle, buffalo, horses, pigs, goats and sheep are important. One of the characteristics of this viral family is that they persist long after primary infection. Subsequently, the virus persists in neurons within the peripheral and/or the central nervous system. Periodically, herpesviruses reactivate from latency culminating in virus transmission and, in some cases, disease or abortion. Stimuli that are known triggers of reactivation are immune suppression, stress, dramatic changes in temperature, a change in feed, pregnancy, and/or overfeeding. Preventing clinical conditions of viral infection is dependent on vaccination. In addition to traditional products, certain so-called marker vaccines are available in Europe. Marker vaccines offer the possibility to differentiate between naturally infected versus vaccinated animals. Another essential aspect of these viruses is the potential to evoke zoonotic spread. For example, several cases of suid alphaherpesvirus type 1 transferred from swine to humans have recently been reported in China.

For this Special Issue, we encourage researchers to submit manuscripts on herpesvirus pathogenesis, immune responses, diagnostic tools, meta-analysis, or epidemiological studies. Manuscripts focused on herpesvirus vaccinology studies are also welcome.

Dr. Stefano Petrini
Prof. Dr. Clinton Jones
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • herpesvirus pathogenesis
  • immune responses
  • diagnostic tools
  • herpesvirus vaccinology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 13905 KiB  
Article
Replication of Vectored Herpesvirus of Turkey (HVT) in a Continuous, Microcarrier-Independent Suspension Cell Line from Muscovy Duck
by Karoline Mähl, Deborah Horn, Sirine Abidi, Benedikt B. Kaufer, Volker Sandig, Alexander Karlas and Ingo Jordan
Vaccines 2025, 13(7), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13070714 - 30 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: More than 33 billion chickens are industrially raised for meat and egg production globally and vaccinated against Marek’s disease virus (MDV). The antigenically related herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) is used as a live-attenuated vaccine, commonly provided as a recombinant vector to protect [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: More than 33 billion chickens are industrially raised for meat and egg production globally and vaccinated against Marek’s disease virus (MDV). The antigenically related herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) is used as a live-attenuated vaccine, commonly provided as a recombinant vector to protect chickens against additional unrelated pathogens. Because HVT replicates in a strictly cell-associated fashion to low levels of infectious units, adherent primary chicken or duck embryo fibroblasts are infected, dislodged from the cultivation surface and distributed as cryocultures in liquid nitrogen to the site of application. Although viable cells are complex products, application of infected cells in ovo confers protection even in presence of maternal antibodies. Methods/Results: The aim of our study was to determine whether a continuous cell line in a scalable cultivation format can be used for production of HVT-based vaccines. The AGE1.CR cell line (from Muscovy duck) was found to be highly permissive in adherent cultures. Propagation in suspension, however, initially gave very low yields. The induction of cell-to-cell contacts in carrier-independent suspensions and a metabolic shock improved titers to levels suitable for vaccine production (>105 infectious units/mL after infection with multiplicity of 0.001). Conclusions: Production of HVT is challenging to scale to large volumes and the reliance on embryonated eggs from biosecure facilities is complex. We demonstrate that a cell-associated HVT vector can be propagated in a carrier-independent suspension culture of AGE1.CR cells in chemically defined medium. The fed-batch production is independent of primary cells and animal-derived material and can be scaled to large volumes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Animal Herpesviruses: 2nd Edition)
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