Pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

A special issue of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (ISSN 2414-6366). This special issue belongs to the section "Vector-Borne Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 3455

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
Interests: malaria; genetic diversity; drug resistance; prognostic biomarker; protein-protein interactions; Toxoplasmosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malaria is one of the most important vector-borne diseases, causing over 200 million infections with estimated deaths of more than 600,000 yearly worldwide. Out of the various species causing malaria infection, Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent and causes severe infections. Resistance to antimalarial drugs, lack of a potent antimalarial vaccine, and genetic diversity among the circulating P. falciparum species pose challenges in the eradication of malaria from endemic areas. The clinical outcome of malaria is thought to be mainly contributed by the host, parasite, and environmental factors. In P. falciparum, an indirect correlation of the clinical manifestation has been reported with the biological characteristic of the parasites which determines the virulence to some extent. Studying genetic diversity enables the prediction of patterns of emergence and spread of phenotype of the novel antigenic variants leading to diverse clinical complication, drug resistance, or escape of vaccine-induced immunity.

In this Special Issue, we invite authors to share their latest research on P. falciparum genetic diversity and drug resistance. This issue also welcomes authors to publish their studies establishing a relationship between genetic diversity and clinical manifestations and ultimately pathogenesis of the disease.

Dr. Hargobinder Kaur
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • genetic diversity
  • drug resistance
  • pathogenesis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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17 pages, 1815 KiB  
Systematic Review
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Proportion Estimates of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Malaria
by Thitinat Duangchan, Manas Kotepui, Suriyan Sukati, Yanisa Rattanapan and Kinley Wangdi
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8(6), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8060289 - 23 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2949
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes systemic coagulation to be turned on and coagulation factors to be used up. However, the evidence for DIC in malaria patients is still not clear, and small case series and retrospective studies [...] Read more.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a potentially life-threatening condition that causes systemic coagulation to be turned on and coagulation factors to be used up. However, the evidence for DIC in malaria patients is still not clear, and small case series and retrospective studies have shown varying results. This meta-analysis was intended for the evaluation of the evidence of DIC among malaria patients using a meta-analysis approach. The protocol for the systematic review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023392194. Studies that investigated DIC in patients with malaria were searched in Ovid, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, and MEDLINE. The pooled proportion with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of DIC among malaria patients was estimated using a random-effects model. A total of 1837 articles were identified, and 38 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The overall proportion of DIC in malaria was 11.6% (95% CI: 8.9%–14.3%, I2: 93.2%, 38 studies). DIC in severe falciparum malaria and fatal malaria was 14.6% (95% CI: 5.0–24.3%, I2: 95.5%, 11 studies) and 82.2% (95% CI: 56.2–100%, I2: 87.3, 4 studies). The estimates of DIC among severe malaria patients who had multi-organ dysfunction with bleeding, cerebral malaria, acute renal failure, and ≥2 complications were 79.6% (95% CI: 67.1–88.2%, one study), 11.9% (95% CI: 7.9–17.6%, one study), 16.7% (95% CI: 10.2–23.3%, ten studies), and 4.8% (95% CI: 1.9–7.7%, nine studies), respectively. The proportion estimates of DIC among the patients with malaria depended on the Plasmodium species, clinical severity, and types of severe complications. The information from this study provided useful information to guide the management of malaria patients. Future studies are needed to investigate the association between Plasmodium infection and DIC and to understand the mechanism of malaria-induced DIC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria)
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