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Multipixels Single Photon Detectors for Quantum Applications
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Multipixels Single Photon Detectors for Quantum Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 21585

Special Issue Editors

Dr. André Stefanov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Hochschulstrasse, 63012 Bern, Switchland
Interests: quantum optics; entanglement; quantum imaging and sensing; quantum information
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Leonardo Gasparini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Center for Sensors & Devices, Integrated Readout ASICs & Image Sensors, Via Sommarive 18-Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy
Interests: cmos image sensors; spad; single-photon detector
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-classical states of light, as for instance entangled photons, promise dramatic improvements over classical optical methods, or even allow for novel measurement schemes. Recording efficiently their spatio-temporal properties requires sensors that combine high temporal and spatial resolution and high sensitivity.
This special issue is addressed to all arrays of single photon detectors for quantum sensing and their applications.

Dr. André Stefanov
Dr. Leonardo Gasparini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Arrays of single photon detectors (SPD)
  • Single Photon Avalanche Photodiode arrays
  • Superconductor SPD arrays
  • Hybrid SPD arrays
  • Quantum sensing
  • Quantum imaging
  • Quantum Lidar and radar

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 634 KiB  
Article
Microwave Photon Detectors Based on Semiconducting Double Quantum Dots
by Alberto Ghirri, Samuele Cornia and Marco Affronte
Sensors 2020, 20(14), 4010; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20144010 - 19 Jul 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4524
Abstract
Detectors of microwave photons find applications in different fields ranging from security to cosmology. Due to the intrinsic difficulties related to the detection of vanishingly small energy quanta ℏ ω , significant portions of the microwave electromagnetic spectrum are still uncovered by suitable [...] Read more.
Detectors of microwave photons find applications in different fields ranging from security to cosmology. Due to the intrinsic difficulties related to the detection of vanishingly small energy quanta ℏ ω , significant portions of the microwave electromagnetic spectrum are still uncovered by suitable techniques. No prevailing technology has clearly emerged yet, although different solutions have been tested in different contexts. Here, we focus on semiconductor quantum dots, which feature wide tunability by external gate voltages and scalability for large architectures. We discuss possible pathways for the development of microwave photon detectors based on photon-assisted tunneling in semiconducting double quantum dot circuits. In particular, we consider implementations based on either broadband transmission lines or resonant cavities, and we discuss how developments in charge sensing techniques and hybrid architectures may be beneficial for the development of efficient photon detectors in the microwave range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multipixels Single Photon Detectors for Quantum Applications)
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16 pages, 4277 KiB  
Article
Counting of Hong-Ou-Mandel Bunched Optical Photons Using a Fast Pixel Camera
by Andrei Nomerotski, Michael Keach, Paul Stankus, Peter Svihra and Stephen Vintskevich
Sensors 2020, 20(12), 3475; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20123475 - 19 Jun 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4749
Abstract
The uses of a silicon-pixel camera with very good time resolution (∼nanosecond) for detecting multiple, bunched optical photons is explored. We present characteristics of the camera and describe experiments proving its counting capabilities. We use a spontaneous parametric down-conversion source to generate correlated [...] Read more.
The uses of a silicon-pixel camera with very good time resolution (∼nanosecond) for detecting multiple, bunched optical photons is explored. We present characteristics of the camera and describe experiments proving its counting capabilities. We use a spontaneous parametric down-conversion source to generate correlated photon pairs, and exploit the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference effect in a fiber-coupled beam splitter to bunch the pair onto the same output fiber. It is shown that the time and spatial resolution of the camera enables independent detection of two photons emerging simultaneously from a single spatial mode. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multipixels Single Photon Detectors for Quantum Applications)
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12 pages, 3851 KiB  
Article
Simulations and Design of a Single-Photon CMOS Imaging Pixel Using Multiple Non-Destructive Signal Sampling
by Konstantin D. Stefanov, Martin J. Prest, Mark Downing, Elizabeth George, Naidu Bezawada and Andrew D. Holland
Sensors 2020, 20(7), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20072031 - 4 Apr 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 11426
Abstract
A single-photon CMOS image sensor (CIS) design based on pinned photodiode (PPD) with multiple charge transfers and sampling is described. In the proposed pixel architecture, the photogenerated signal is sampled non-destructively multiple times and the results are averaged. Each signal measurement is statistically [...] Read more.
A single-photon CMOS image sensor (CIS) design based on pinned photodiode (PPD) with multiple charge transfers and sampling is described. In the proposed pixel architecture, the photogenerated signal is sampled non-destructively multiple times and the results are averaged. Each signal measurement is statistically independent and by averaging, the electronic readout noise is reduced to a level where single photons can be distinguished reliably. A pixel design using this method was simulated in TCAD and several layouts were generated for a 180-nm CMOS image sensor process. Using simulations, the noise performance of the pixel was determined as a function of the number of samples, sense node capacitance, sampling rate and transistor characteristics. The strengths and limitations of the proposed design are discussed in detail, including the trade-off between noise performance and readout rate and the impact of charge transfer inefficiency (CTI). The projected performance of our first prototype device indicates that single-photon imaging is within reach and could enable ground-breaking performances in many scientific and industrial imaging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multipixels Single Photon Detectors for Quantum Applications)
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