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Magnetic Sensors 2020

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 27493

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic sensors are gaining substantial penetration in the global sensor market. Several magnetic devices are already used for numerous engineering applications. The generic use of particular magnetic sensors may offer a wide use in a variety of applications. Apart from that, the specific use of specific sensors may also offer smart specialization and therefore attract the interest of industrial giants allowing for the integration of novel and inventive devices in their products. Apart from that, on-going research work in several fields of engineering applications can be aided by new advances in the field of magnetic sensors, therefore increasing their impact. Therefore, any kind of new advances in magnetic sensors can be of great importance for groups using them.

The categories of magnetic sensors are numerous, such as new types of fluxgates, sensors based on magneto-transport effects, such as giant magnetoresistance, magneto-impedance, etc. This Special Issue targets researchers working in the field of new sensors and transducers, as well as companies working towards the development or the integration of existing magnetic sensors and devices. We hereby invite the international community of magnetic sensors and transducers to participate in this high impact journal, aiming at the proper dissemination of our products/devices.

Prof. Evangelos Hristoforou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Magnetic effects
  • Sensing elements
  • Hybrid sensors
  • Integrated sensors
  • Lab-on-a-chip

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 3842 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Position System Design Method Applied to Three-Axis Joystick Motion Tracking
by Perla Malagò, Florian Slanovc, Stefan Herzog, Stefano Lumetti, Thomas Schaden, Andrea Pellegrinetti, Mohssen Moridi, Claas Abert, Dieter Suess and Michael Ortner
Sensors 2020, 20(23), 6873; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236873 - 1 Dec 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 5270
Abstract
This manuscript discusses the difficulties with magnetic position and orientation (MPO) system design and proposes a general method for finding optimal layouts. The formalism introduces a system quality measure through state separation and reduces the question “How to design an MPO system?” to [...] Read more.
This manuscript discusses the difficulties with magnetic position and orientation (MPO) system design and proposes a general method for finding optimal layouts. The formalism introduces a system quality measure through state separation and reduces the question “How to design an MPO system?” to a global optimization problem. The latter is then solved by combining differential evolution algorithms with magnet shape variation based on analytical computations of the field. The proposed formalism is then applied to study possible realizations of continuous three-axis joystick motion tracking, realized with just a single magnet and a single 3D magnetic field sensor. The computations show that this is possible when a specific design condition is fulfilled and that large state separations as high as 1mT/ can be achieved under realistic conditions. Finally, a comparison to state-of-the-art design methods is drawn, computation accuracy is reviewed critically, and an experimental validation is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Sensors 2020)
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24 pages, 25591 KiB  
Article
Social Distance Monitor with a Wearable Magnetic Field Proximity Sensor
by Sizhen Bian, Bo Zhou and Paul Lukowicz
Sensors 2020, 20(18), 5101; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20185101 - 7 Sep 2020
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 10595
Abstract
Social distancing and contact/exposure tracing are accepted to be critical strategies in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic. They are both closely connected to the ability to reliably establish the degree of proximity between people in real-world environments. We proposed, implemented, and evaluated [...] Read more.
Social distancing and contact/exposure tracing are accepted to be critical strategies in the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic. They are both closely connected to the ability to reliably establish the degree of proximity between people in real-world environments. We proposed, implemented, and evaluated a wearable proximity sensing system based on an oscillating magnetic field that overcomes many of the weaknesses of the current state of the art Bluetooth based proximity detection. In this paper, we first described the underlying physical principle, proposed a protocol for the identification and coordination of the transmitter (which is compatible with the current smartphone-based exposure tracing protocols). Subsequently, the system architecture and implementation were described, finally an elaborate characterization and evaluation of the performance (both in systematic lab experiments and in real-world settings) were performed. Our work demonstrated that the proposed system is much more reliable than the widely-used Bluetooth-based approach, particularly when it comes to distinguishing between distances above and below the 2.0 m threshold due to the magnetic field’s physical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Sensors 2020)
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14 pages, 4400 KiB  
Article
Noise Optimization Design of Frequency-Domain Air-Core Sensor Based on Capacitor Tuning Technology
by Shengbao Yu, Yiming Wei, Jialin Zhang and Shilong Wang
Sensors 2020, 20(1), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20010194 - 29 Dec 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2975
Abstract
In the semi-aviation frequency-domain electromagnetic measurement, the induction air-core coil and the differential pre-amplifier circuit introduce noise, which affects the sensor and results in receiving weak signals and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. In response to this problem, by analyzing the [...] Read more.
In the semi-aviation frequency-domain electromagnetic measurement, the induction air-core coil and the differential pre-amplifier circuit introduce noise, which affects the sensor and results in receiving weak signals and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. In response to this problem, by analyzing the physical structure of the air-core coil sensor and the mechanism of the amplification circuit, combined with the simulation and experimental tests of voltage noise, current noise, resistance noise and other noise components, analyzed that the thermal noise is the main component of the sensor noise in the system frequency band, but directly removing the matching resistor increases the instability of the circuit, causes the coil to work in an underdamped state, and generates a time domain oscillation at the resonant frequency, source impedance analysis and analysis of differential pre-amplifier circuit in the frequency-domain detection method, abandoning the matching resistance scheme and magnetic flux negative feedback scheme. The matching capacitor is added to make the receiver detect the frequency range in the 1–10 kHz range. In normal operation, the noise level reaches 10 nV level, which not only increases the stability of the circuit, but also reduces the noise of the sensor. It has far-reaching significance for the detection of weak frequency signals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Sensors 2020)
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14 pages, 4379 KiB  
Article
Sensor to Monitor Localized Stresses on Steel Surfaces Using the Magnetostrictive Delay Line Technique
by Kaiming Liang, Spyridon Angelopoulos, Georgios Lepipas, Panagiotis Tsarabaris, Aphrodite Ktena, Xiaofang Bi and Evangelos Hristoforou
Sensors 2019, 19(21), 4797; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19214797 - 4 Nov 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3634
Abstract
In this paper, a new type of force sensor is presented, able to monitor localized residual stresses on steel surfaces. The principle of operation of the proposed sensor is based on the monitoring of the force exerted between a permanent magnet and the [...] Read more.
In this paper, a new type of force sensor is presented, able to monitor localized residual stresses on steel surfaces. The principle of operation of the proposed sensor is based on the monitoring of the force exerted between a permanent magnet and the under-test steel which is dependent on the surface permeability of the steel providing a non-hysteretic response. The sensor’s response, calibration, and performance are described followed by a discussion concerning the applications for steel health monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Sensors 2020)
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10 pages, 7549 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Solution of Signal Oscillation Mechanism of the Multi-Coil Sensor
by Jiangbo Huang, Haowen Wang, Zhihong Fu and Wei Fu
Sensors 2019, 19(16), 3563; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19163563 - 15 Aug 2019
Viewed by 3415
Abstract
The multi-coil sensor consisting of a series of sub-coils provides a reliable way to avoid signal distortion from excitation field. Compared with conventional coil sensors, the multi-coil sensor exhibits more complex signal conversion performance, and the conventional equivalent circuit cannot reveal the possible [...] Read more.
The multi-coil sensor consisting of a series of sub-coils provides a reliable way to avoid signal distortion from excitation field. Compared with conventional coil sensors, the multi-coil sensor exhibits more complex signal conversion performance, and the conventional equivalent circuit cannot reveal the possible attenuated oscillation, which seriously degrades the detection reliability. Based on a novel equivalent circuit model, this research investigates the causes of signal oscillation and proposes and validates an effective solution, which contributes to the signal transmission characteristics of multi-coil sensors for engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Sensors 2020)
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