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Detectors & Sensors in Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics
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Detectors & Sensors in Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2025 | Viewed by 1992

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zhuang Ge

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
Interests: ion detectors; ion optics; ion trapping; nuclear physics; nuclear astrophysics; neutrino physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The construction and operation of existing and new-generation nuclear facilities worldwide have significantly advanced the development of various detectors. These detectors serve as diagnostics systems to probe ions of unstable nuclei, aiding in the determination of the origins and evolution of the universe in nuclear astrophysics, as well as in the study of nuclear structure and other fundamental physics. Nowadays, multiple advanced detectors with different characterizations are employed in a single experimental run for various physics motivations. Recent enhancements in materials, transducers, electronics, computing, and data transmission contribute to the improved performance and compactness of these detectors. These rapid technological progresses have notably improved measurements in nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics. The dissemination of educational summaries and the exchange of innovative ideas regarding advanced detector design and development in detail are particularly beneficial for large-scale radioactive ion-beam laboratories, especially for young researchers. Moreover, this will make advanced detector developments more efficient and economical tools for scientific purposes, fostering a collaborative environment that drives scientific progress.

In this context, the aim of this Special Issue is to gather original research works and review topics on detectors related to nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics studies, encompassing both innovative projects and well-developed techniques. Articles can focus on detector design and technical features, construction, performance evaluation, and characterization, based on physical studies, applications, and/or mathematical simulations. Studies that include practical and innovative instrumentation applications, as well as reviews of special advanced detector types worldwide, are especially welcomed.

Dr. Zhuang Ge
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • detectors
  • diagnostics system
  • design
  • measurements
  • characterization
  • simulations
  • nuclear physics
  • nuclear astrophysics
  • fundamental physics

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2851 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Different Types of Micro-Fission and Micro-Ionization Chambers Under X-Ray Beams
by Juan Antonio Moreno-Pérez, Álvaro Marchena, Pablo Araya, Jesús J. López-Peñalver, Juan Alejandro de la Torre, Antonio M. Lallena, Santiago Becerril, Marta Anguiano, Alberto J. Palma and Miguel A. Carvajal
Sensors 2025, 25(6), 1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061862 - 17 Mar 2025
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Various models of ionization and fission chambers for ionizing radiation detection, designed to operate under harsh conditions such as those found in fusion reactors or particle accelerators, have been experimentally characterized and numerically simulated. These models were calibrated using a photon beam in [...] Read more.
Various models of ionization and fission chambers for ionizing radiation detection, designed to operate under harsh conditions such as those found in fusion reactors or particle accelerators, have been experimentally characterized and numerically simulated. These models were calibrated using a photon beam in the X-ray spectrum. Irradiations were performed at the Biomedical Research Center of the University of Granada (CIBM) with a bipolar metal-ceramic X-ray tube operating at a voltage of 150 kV and a dose rate ranging from 0.05 to 2.28 Gy/min. All detectors under study featured identical external structures but varied in detection volume, anode configuration, and filling gas composition. To assess inter- and intra-model response variations, the tested models included 12 micro-ionization chambers (CRGR10/C5B/UG2), 3 micro-fission chambers (CFUR43/C5B-U5/UG2), 8 micro-fission chambers (CFUR43/C5B-U8/UG2), and 3 micro-fission chambers (CFUR44/C5B-U8/UG2), all manufactured by Photonis (Merignac, France). The experimental setup was considered suitable for the tests, as the leakage current was below 20 pA. The optimal operating voltage range was determined to be 130–150 V, and the photon sensitivities for the chambers were measured as 29.8 ± 0.3 pA/(Gy/h), 43.0 ± 0.8 pA/(Gy/h), 39.2 ± 0.3 pA/(Gy/h), and 96.0 ± 0.9 pA/(Gy/h), respectively. Monte Carlo numerical simulations revealed that the U layer in the fission chambers was primarily responsible for their higher sensitivities due to photoelectric photon absorption. Additionally, the simulations explained the observed differences in sensitivity based on the filling gas pressure. The detectors demonstrated linear responses to dose rates and high reproducibility, making them reliable tools for accurate determination of ionizing photon beams across a range of applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detectors & Sensors in Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics)
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13 pages, 951 KiB  
Article
‘TLDetect’: AI-Based Application for Detection and Correction of Anomalous TLD Glow Curves
by Gal Amit, Roy Vagerman and Oran Revayev
Sensors 2024, 24(21), 6904; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24216904 - 28 Oct 2024
Viewed by 847
Abstract
This research reviews a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based application called TLDetect, which filters and classifies anomalous glow curves (GCs) of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Until recently, GC review and correction in the lab were performed using an old in-house software, which uses the Microsoft [...] Read more.
This research reviews a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based application called TLDetect, which filters and classifies anomalous glow curves (GCs) of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Until recently, GC review and correction in the lab were performed using an old in-house software, which uses the Microsoft Access database and allows the laboratory technician to manually review and correct almost all GCs without any filtering. The newly developed application TLDetect uses a modern SQL database and filters out only the necessary GCs for technician review. TLDetect first uses an artificial neural network (ANN) model to filter out all regular GCs. Afterwards, it automatically classifies the rest of the GCs into five different anomaly classes. These five classes are defined by the typical patterns of GCs, i.e., high noise at either low or high temperature channels, untypical GC width (either wide or narrow), shifted GCs whether to the low or to the high temperatures, spikes, and a last class that contains all other unclassified anomalies. By this automatic filtering and classification, the algorithm substantially reduces the amount of the technician’s time spent reviewing the GCs and makes the external dosimetry laboratory dose assessment process more repeatable, more accurate, and faster. Moreover, a database of the class anomalies distribution over time of GCs is saved along with all their relevant statistics, which can later assist with preliminary diagnosis of TLD reader hardware issues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detectors & Sensors in Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics)
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