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CMOS-Integrated Optoelectronics for Sensing Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 July 2025 | Viewed by 1131

Special Issue Editor

Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
Interests: heteroepitaxy; quantum dots; monolithic integration; silicon photonics; nanostructures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heterogeneous integration of advanced optical materials such as compound semiconductors (CSs) and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) on well-established CMOS manufacturing platforms is driving sensors into the next generation with a considerably wider spectrum coverage, low costs and high throughputs, beyond the capability of conventional silicon detectors. The key to enabling such an exciting technology relies on the development of high-crystalline-quality alloys and the invention of novel optoelectronic devices. Fundamental challenges associated with these development endeavors need to be clarified and addressed accordingly. A system-level demonstration that provides pathways to realize high-performance detector modules or focal plane arrays (FPAs) on CMOS readout integrated circuits (ROICs) is also highlighted, which is synergistic with various applications leveraging CMOS-based heterogeneous integration technology and CMOS ICs.

This Special Issue aims at collecting pronounced advances in high-performance CMOS-based photodetectors and other types of optoelectronic devices for sensing applications, based on heterogeneous integration, including materials study, device architecture innovation, and circuits/system design and validation.

Dr. Bei Shi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • detectors and focal plane arrays
  • heterogeneous integration
  • CMOS ICs
  • compound semiconductors
  • advanced optical materials
  • sensor processing and characterizations

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 9090 KiB  
Article
A Lightweight and High Yield Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor True Random Number Generator with Lightweight Photon Post-Processing
by Chi Trung Ngo, Hyun Woo Ko, Ji Woo Choi, Jae-Won Nam and Jong-Phil Hong
Sensors 2024, 24(23), 7502; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237502 - 25 Nov 2024
Viewed by 830
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel TRNG architecture that employs a wave converter to generate random outputs from the jitter noise in a customized ring oscillator (RO). Using a current-starved inverter, the proposed RO offers the option of operating three different oscillation frequencies from [...] Read more.
This paper introduces a novel TRNG architecture that employs a wave converter to generate random outputs from the jitter noise in a customized ring oscillator (RO). Using a current-starved inverter, the proposed RO offers the option of operating three different oscillation frequencies from a single oscillator. To assess its performance, the core TRNG proposed in this work was designed with multiple samples, employing various transistor sizes for 28 nm CMOS processes. The measurements show that only a small number of measured TRNG samples passed the randomness NIST SP 800-22 tests, which is a common problem, not only with the proposed TRNG but also with other TRNG structures. To solve this issue, a lightweight post-processing algorithm using the Photon hash function was newly applied to the proposed TRNGs topology. The lightweight Photon hash function-based post-processing was implemented with the proposed TRNG topology in a 28 nm CMOS process. The design occupies 16,498 µm2, with a throughput of 0.0142 Mbps and power consumption of 31.12 mW. Measurements showed significant improvement, with a 50% increase in chips passing the NIST SP 800-22 tests. Compared with the conventional DRBG post-processing method, the proposed lightweight Photon post-processing reduces area occupation by five times and power consumption by 65%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CMOS-Integrated Optoelectronics for Sensing Applications)
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