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Polymers
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Advances in Wood Composites V
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Advances in Wood Composites V

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 5133

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Antonios Papadopoulos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Wood Science, Chemistry and Technology, Department of Forestry and Natural Environment, School of Geotechnical Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thermi, Greece
Interests: wood; wood composites; lignocellulosic materials; chemical and thermal modification technologies; nanotechnology and nanomaterilas; adhesives
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The fibrous nature of wood has made it one of the most appropriate and versatile raw materials for various uses. However, two properties restrict its much wider use, namely its dimensional changes when subjected to fluctuating humidity and its susceptibility to biodegradation by micro-organisms. Wood can be modified chemically or thermally so that selected properties are enhanced in a more or less permanent fashion. Another option to improve these properties is to exploit the solutions that nanotechnology can offer. The nanoparticles of nanotechnology compounds are small enough to deeply penetrate the wood, effectively altering its surface chemistry and resulting in a high protection against moisture and decay. In addition, the use of lignocellulosic materials for the production of advanced wood composites is an innovative avenue for research. This collection seeks high-quality works and topics focusing on (among others) the latest approaches to the protection of wood and wood composites with chemical or thermal modification technologies, the application of nanomaterials to wood science, the application of carbon fiber fabrics, and the use of lignocellulosic materials for the production of advanced wood composites.

Prof. Dr. Antonios Papadopoulos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wood
  • wood composites
  • lignocellulosic composites
  • chemical or thermal modification
  • nanotechnology and nanomaterials

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 19501 KiB  
Article
Effect of UV Top Coating Microcapsules on the Coating Properties of Fiberboard Surfaces
by Yuming Zou, Yongxin Xia and Xiaoxing Yan
Polymers 2024, 16(15), 2098; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16152098 - 23 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 552
Abstract
The commonly used ultraviolet ray (UV) curing coatings have the characteristics of fast curing speed, high hardness, strong abrasion resistance, etc. However, the self-healing properties of UV coatings after being damaged still need to be improved. Self-healing microcapsules can alleviate this problem. The [...] Read more.
The commonly used ultraviolet ray (UV) curing coatings have the characteristics of fast curing speed, high hardness, strong abrasion resistance, etc. However, the self-healing properties of UV coatings after being damaged still need to be improved. Self-healing microcapsules can alleviate this problem. The UV top coating itself has good properties, so it can be directly chosen as the core material of microcapsules. UV top coating microcapsules can be added to the UV top coating to increase the self-healing properties of the UV coating to achieve the purpose of better protection of the UV coating and fiberboards. UV top coating microcapsules were prepared and added in different contents to characterize the effect on the physical, chemical, and self-healing properties of the UV coating on a fiberboard surface. The 1#, 2#, and 3# UV top coating microcapsules that were prepared with emulsifier HLB values of 10.04, 10.88, and 11.72, respectively, were added to the UV top coating at contents of 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0%, 8.0%, and 10.0%. The UV coatings were applied to the fiberboard using a method of two primers and two top coatings, in which no microcapsule was added in the primer, and were tested and analyzed. The results showed that when the content of microcapsules was greater than 6.0%, close to 8.0%, the excessive density of microcapsules produced stacking and extrusion between the microcapsules. As a result, the core material could not flow out smoothly when part of the microcapsule was ruptured. The outflow of the core material was not efficiently utilized, thus leading to a decrease in the self-healing rate. The 2# UV top coating microcapsules of 4.0% made the UV coatings reach the self-healing rate of 26.41%. The self-healing rate of the UV coatings prepared with the 3# UV top coating microcapsules with 6.0% was up to 26.58%. The UV coatings prepared with the 1# UV top coating microcapsules of 6.0% had the highest self-healing rate among the three groups, up to 27.32%. The UV coatings of this group had the best comprehensive properties with a chromatic aberration ΔE of 4.08, a gloss of 1.10 GU, a reflectance of 17.13%, an adhesion grade of 3, a hardness of 3H, a grade 3 of impact resistance, and a roughness of 1.677 μm. An investigation of the UV coatings on fiberboard surfaces with the content of UV top coating microcapsules can provide support for the optimization of the self-healing properties of UV coatings and can also provide innovative ideas for the preparation of the self-healing coatings on fiberboard surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wood Composites V)
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21 pages, 4307 KiB  
Article
Eco-Friendly Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for the Modification of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) Fibers
by Manggar Arum Aristri, Rita Kartika Sari, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis, Raden Permana Budi Laksana, Petar Antov, Apri Heri Iswanto, Efri Mardawati, Seng Hua Lee, Viktor Savov, Lubos Kristak and Antonios N. Papadopoulos
Polymers 2023, 15(6), 1492; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061492 - 16 Mar 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2025
Abstract
This study aimed to develop tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (tannin-Bio-NIPU) and tannin-based polyurethane (tannin-Bio-PU) resins for the impregnation of ramie fibers (Boehmeria nivea L.) and investigate their mechanical and thermal properties. The reaction between the tannin extract, dimethyl carbonate, and hexamethylene diamine produced [...] Read more.
This study aimed to develop tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (tannin-Bio-NIPU) and tannin-based polyurethane (tannin-Bio-PU) resins for the impregnation of ramie fibers (Boehmeria nivea L.) and investigate their mechanical and thermal properties. The reaction between the tannin extract, dimethyl carbonate, and hexamethylene diamine produced the tannin-Bio-NIPU resin, while the tannin-Bio-PU was made with polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI). Two types of ramie fiber were used: natural ramie without pre-treatment (RN) and with pre-treatment (RH). They were impregnated in a vacuum chamber with tannin-based Bio-PU resins for 60 min at 25 °C under 50 kPa. The yield of the tannin extract produced was 26.43 ± 1.36%. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that both resin types produced urethane (-NCO) groups. The viscosity and cohesion strength of tannin-Bio-NIPU (20.35 mPa·s and 5.08 Pa) were lower than those of tannin-Bio-PU (42.70 mPa·s and 10.67 Pa). The RN fiber type (18.9% residue) was more thermally stable than RH (7.3% residue). The impregnation process with both resins could improve the ramie fibers’ thermal stability and mechanical strength. The highest thermal stability was found in RN impregnated with the tannin-Bio-PU resin (30.5% residue). The highest tensile strength was determined in the tannin-Bio-NIPU RN of 451.3 MPa. The tannin-Bio-PU resin gave the highest MOE for both fiber types (RN of 13.5 GPa and RH of 11.7 GPa) compared to the tannin-Bio-NIPU resin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wood Composites V)
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17 pages, 4826 KiB  
Article
The Role of Drying Schedule and Conditioning in Moisture Uniformity in Wood: A Machine Learning Approach
by Sohrab Rahimi, Vahid Nasir, Stavros Avramidis and Farrokh Sassani
Polymers 2023, 15(4), 792; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15040792 - 4 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1872
Abstract
Monitoring the moisture content (MC) of wood and avoiding large MC variation is a crucial task as a large moisture spread after drying significantly devalues the product, especially in species with high green MC spread. Therefore, this research aims to optimize kiln-drying and [...] Read more.
Monitoring the moisture content (MC) of wood and avoiding large MC variation is a crucial task as a large moisture spread after drying significantly devalues the product, especially in species with high green MC spread. Therefore, this research aims to optimize kiln-drying and provides a predictive approach to estimate and classify target timber moisture, using a gradient-boosting machine learning model. Inputs include three wood attributes (initial moisture, initial weight, and basic density) and three drying parameters (schedule, conditioning, and post-storage). Results show that initial weight has the highest correlation with the final moisture and possesses the highest relative importance in both predictive and classifier models. This model demonstrated a drop in training accuracy after removing schedule, conditioning, and post-storage from inputs, emphasizing that the drying parameters are significant in the robustness of the model. However, the regression-based model failed to satisfactorily predict the moisture after kiln-drying. In contrast, the classifying model is capable of classifying dried wood into acceptable, over-, and under-dried groups, which could apply to timber pre- and post-sorting. Overall, the gradient-boosting model successfully classified the moisture in kiln-dried western hemlock timber. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wood Composites V)
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