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Silicon Effects on Stress in Plants
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Silicon Effects on Stress in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Response to Abiotic Stress and Climate Change".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 12154

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sylvia Lindberg

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dept. of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: calcium signaling; ion transport; oxygen deficiency; salt stress; stress tolerance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ahmad Humayan Kabir

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
Interests: abiotic stress in plants; plant genomics; phytoremediation; molecular characterization of transporter gene; plant-microbe interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element both on the Earth’s crust surface and in the soils. Although Si has not been considered as an essential element for higher plants, it has proved to be beneficial for a healthy growth and development of many plant species and to increase resistance to toxic metals, including aluminium (Al), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and manganese (Mn) in some plants. Silicon was also reported to ameliorate salinity stress in plants.

Little is known about the mechanism behind Si-mediated alleviation of toxic metal uptake, such as uptake of salt and heavy metals. In rice Si reduces the sodium uptake to the shoot by a reduction in the transpiration bypass flow, and in canola plants Si addition to the nutrient solution reduces Na uptake, lipid peroxidation and lignification of roots, and increases capacity of antioxidant defense. Silicon may also build a complex with Na in the root tissue, thereby preventing the uptake into the shoot.

Silicic acid, [Si (OH)4 ], is the chemical compound taken up into plant cells as it is able to cross the root-plasma membrane and to be translocated from root to shoot. Si may exhibit various effects on roots and shoots and affect the transport of toxic ions. To improve plant growth under abiotic stress, it is important to get new information on toxic ion uptake in the absence and presence of Si, and on transporters involved and how they are affected by Si.

Prof. Sylvia Lindberg
Dr. Ahmad Humayan Kabir
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • genes involved
  • silicon
  • tolerance
  • uptake mechanisms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 836 KiB  
Article
Silicate Inhibits the Cytosolic Influx of Chloride in Protoplasts of Wheat and Affects the Chloride Transporters, TaCLC1 and TaNPF2.4/2.5
by Albert Premkumar, Muhammad Tariq Javed, Katharina Pawlowski and Sylvia M. Lindberg
Plants 2022, 11(9), 1162; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11091162 - 26 Apr 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2466
Abstract
Chloride is an essential nutrient for plants, but high concentrations can be harmful. Silicon ameliorates both abiotic and biotic stresses in plants, but it is unknown if it can prevent cellular increase of chloride. Therefore, we investigated the influx of Cl− ions [...] Read more.
Chloride is an essential nutrient for plants, but high concentrations can be harmful. Silicon ameliorates both abiotic and biotic stresses in plants, but it is unknown if it can prevent cellular increase of chloride. Therefore, we investigated the influx of Cl− ions in two wheat cultivars different in salt sensitivity, by epifluorescence microscopy and a highly Cl−-sensitive dye, MQAE, N-[ethoxycarbonylmethyl]-6-methoxy-quinolinium bromide, in absence and presence of potassium silicate, K2SiO3. The Cl−-influx was higher in the salt-sensitive cv. Vinjett, than in the salt-tolerant cv. S-24, and silicate pre-treatment of protoplasts inhibited the Cl−-influx in both cultivars, but more in the sensitive cv. Vinjett. To investigate if the Cl−-transporters TaCLC1 and TaNPF2.4/2.5 are affected by silicate, expression analyses by RT-qPCR were undertaken of TaCLC1 and TaNPF 2.4/2.5 transcripts in the absence and presence of 100 mM NaCl, with and without the presence of K2SiO3. The results show that both transporter genes were expressed in roots and shoots of wheat seedlings, but their expressions were differently affected by silicate. The TaNPF2.4/2.5 expression in leaves was markedly depressed by silicate. These findings demonstrate that less chloride accumulates in the cytosol of leaf mesophyll by Si treatment and increases salt tolerance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silicon Effects on Stress in Plants)
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12 pages, 935 KiB  
Article
Silicon Fertilization: A Step towards Cadmium-Free Fragrant Rice
by Qamar uz Zaman, Muhammad Rashid, Rab Nawaz, Afzal Hussain, Kamran Ashraf, Maria Latif, Abdihakim Osman Heile, Faisal Mehmood, Sughra Salahuddin and Yinglong Chen
Plants 2021, 10(11), 2440; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112440 - 12 Nov 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3370
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, [...] Read more.
Soil contamination with toxic cadmium (Cd) is becoming a serious global problem and poses a key hazard to environments and the health of human beings worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of foliar applications of three forms of silicate chemicals (calcium silicate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate) at four rates (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%) at tillering stage on rice growth and the accumulation of Cd under Cd stress (30 mg kg−1). The results showed that Cd stress reduced the yield-related traits and enlarged Cd contents in different rice organs. The leaf gas exchange attributes and yield traits were enhanced, and the Cd accumulation and bioaccumulation factor in rice organs were reduced, especially in grains, through silicon application. In shoots, roots, and grains, foliar spray of Si reduced Cd contents by 40.3%, 50.7%, and 47.9%, respectively. The effectiveness of silicate compounds in reducing Cd toxicity varied with the kind of chemicals and doses of foliar applications. Foliar application of potassium silicate, at a rate of 0.5%, at tillering stage, showed the best effectiveness in improving grain yield, while mitigating Cd accumulation in rice grains. The outcome of this study provides a promising practicable approach in alleviating Cd toxicity in rice and preventing the entrance of Cd into the food chain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silicon Effects on Stress in Plants)
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13 pages, 2040 KiB  
Article
Pre- and/or Postharvest Silicon Application Prolongs the Vase Life and Enhances the Quality of Cut Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) Flowers
by Jinnan Song, Yali Li, Jiangtao Hu, Jaehyeok Lee and Byoung Ryong Jeong
Plants 2021, 10(8), 1742; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081742 - 23 Aug 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4743
Abstract
Peony is an important ornamental plant and has become increasingly popular for cut flower cultivation. However, a short vase life and frequent poor vase quality severely restrict its market value. The study described herein was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon application [...] Read more.
Peony is an important ornamental plant and has become increasingly popular for cut flower cultivation. However, a short vase life and frequent poor vase quality severely restrict its market value. The study described herein was conducted to investigate the effects of silicon application on the vase life and quality of two cut peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) cultivars, ‘Taebaek’ and ‘Euiseong’. For pre- and/or postharvest silicon application, four experimental groups based on treatments were designed. With silicon treatment, the relevant growth attributes, including the shoot and leaf lengths, stem and bud diameters as well as the leaf width were all remarkably increased. In the postharvest storage, the addition of silicon to the holding solution in the vase was able to significantly extend vase life, delay fresh weight decrease, and improve vase quality, as characterized by the antioxidant enzyme activities and mechanical stem strength. Taken together, silicon application, regardless of the approach, was able to effectively prolong the vase life and enhance the quality of cut peony flowers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Silicon Effects on Stress in Plants)
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