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Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation
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Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019) | Viewed by 36532

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Reidunn Birgitta Aalen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Interests: peptide signalling; cell separation; abscission; cell-to-cell communication
Assoc. Prof. Melinka A. Butenko

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Interests: peptide ligand–receptor interactions; floral abscission; developmental biology; biotic and abiotic responses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The wall surrounding plant cells provides support and protection. However, the presence of a wall also hampers cell growth and prevents cell movement. During several stages of development and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses it is therefore necessary for plants to modulate their cell walls. In certain cases, such as during the formation of stomata, during the sloughing of root cap cells or during lateral root emergence the remodeling of the cell wall leads to separation of adjacent cells. The process of cell separation is also required during abscission, when entire plant organs that have served their purpose or have been injured or infected are lost, and when fruits and seeds are detached from the mother plant. As such, abscission has large agricultural implication for plant growth, production yield and postharvest storage.

This Special Issue of Plants will focus on cell separation events during plant development, in reproduction and in defense. We welcome articles (original research papers, perspectives, hypotheses, opinions, reviews, modeling approaches and methods) elucidating cell separation processes in different organs of model species and crops from different perspectives, like evolution, genetics, development, biochemistry, and –omic studies.

Prof. Reidunn Birgitta Aalen
Assoc. Prof. Melinka A. Butenko
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abscission
  • cell separation
  • organ loss

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 829 KiB  
Communication
The PIP Peptide of INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION Enhances Populus Leaf and Elaeis guineensis Fruit Abscission
by Timothy John Tranbarger, Hubert Domonhédo, Michel Cazemajor, Carole Dubreuil, Urs Fischer and Fabienne Morcillo
Plants 2019, 8(6), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8060143 - 30 May 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3667
Abstract
The programmed loss of a plant organ is called abscission, which is an important cell separation process that occurs with different organs throughout the life of a plant. The use of floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana as a model has allowed greater [...] Read more.
The programmed loss of a plant organ is called abscission, which is an important cell separation process that occurs with different organs throughout the life of a plant. The use of floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis thaliana as a model has allowed greater understanding of the complexities of organ abscission, but whether the regulatory pathways are conserved throughout the plant kingdom and for all organ abscission types is unknown. One important pathway that has attracted much attention involves a peptide ligand-receptor signalling system that consists of the secreted peptide IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION) and at least two leucine-rich repeat (LRR) receptor-like kinases (RLK), HAESA (HAE) and HAESA-LIKE2 (HSL2). In the current study we examine the bioactive potential of IDA peptides in two different abscission processes, leaf abscission in Populus and ripe fruit abscission in oil palm, and find in both cases treatment with IDA peptides enhances cell separation and abscission of both organ types. Our results provide evidence to suggest that the IDA–HAE–HSL2 pathway is conserved and functions in these phylogenetically divergent dicot and monocot species during both leaf and fruit abscission, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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Review

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11 pages, 1115 KiB  
Review
Shedding the Last Layer: Mechanisms of Root Cap Cell Release
by Narender Kumar and Anjali S. Iyer-Pascuzzi
Plants 2020, 9(3), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9030308 - 1 Mar 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 10821
Abstract
The root cap, a small tissue at the tip of the root, protects the root from environmental stress and functions in gravity perception. To perform its functions, the position and size of the root cap remains stable throughout root growth. This occurs due [...] Read more.
The root cap, a small tissue at the tip of the root, protects the root from environmental stress and functions in gravity perception. To perform its functions, the position and size of the root cap remains stable throughout root growth. This occurs due to constant root cap cell turnover, in which the last layer of the root cap is released, and new root cap cells are produced. Cells in the last root cap layer are known as border cells or border-like cells, and have important functions in root protection against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Despite the importance of root cap cell release to root health and plant growth, the mechanisms regulating this phenomenon are not well understood. Recent work identified several factors including transcription factors, auxin, and small peptides with roles in the production and release of root cap cells. Here, we review the involvement of the known players in root cap cell release, compare the release of border-like cells and border cells, and discuss the importance of root cap cell release to root health and survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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11 pages, 931 KiB  
Review
Molecular Events Involved in Fruitlet Abscission in Litchi
by Minglei Zhao and Jianguo Li
Plants 2020, 9(2), 151; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020151 - 24 Jan 2020
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 3870
Abstract
Abscission in plants is an active and highly coordinated physiological process in which organs abscise from the plant body at the abscission zone (AZ) in responding to either developmental or environmental cues. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an important economic fruit crop [...] Read more.
Abscission in plants is an active and highly coordinated physiological process in which organs abscise from the plant body at the abscission zone (AZ) in responding to either developmental or environmental cues. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is an important economic fruit crop widely grown in Southeast Asia particularly in South China. However, the excessive fruit drop during fruit development is a major limiting factor for litchi production. Thus, it is an important agricultural concern to understand the mechanisms underlying the fruit abscission in litchi. Here, we present a review focusing on the molecular events involved in the fruitlet abscission. We also highlight the recent advances on genes specifically associated with fruit abscission and perspectives for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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15 pages, 20945 KiB  
Review
Control of Organ Abscission and Other Cell Separation Processes by Evolutionary Conserved Peptide Signaling
by Chun-Lin Shi, Renate Marie Alling, Marta Hammerstad and Reidunn B. Aalen
Plants 2019, 8(7), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8070225 - 15 Jul 2019
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 5829
Abstract
Plants both generate and shed organs throughout their lifetime. Cell separation is in function during opening of anthers to release pollen; floral organs are detached after pollination when they have served their purpose; unfertilized flowers are shed; fruits and seeds are abscised from [...] Read more.
Plants both generate and shed organs throughout their lifetime. Cell separation is in function during opening of anthers to release pollen; floral organs are detached after pollination when they have served their purpose; unfertilized flowers are shed; fruits and seeds are abscised from the mother plant to secure the propagation of new generations. Organ abscission takes place in specialized abscission zone (AZ) cells where the middle lamella between adjacent cell files is broken down. The plant hormone ethylene has a well-documented promoting effect on abscission, but mutation in ethylene receptor genes in Arabidopsis thaliana only delays the abscission process. Microarray and RNA sequencing have identified a large number of genes differentially expressed in the AZs, especially genes encoding enzymes involved in cell wall remodelling and disassembly. Mutations in such genes rarely give a phenotype, most likely due to functional redundancy. In contrast, mutation in the INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA) blocks floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis. IDA encodes a small peptide that signals through the leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases HAESA (HAE) and HAE-LIKE2 (HSL2) to control floral organ abscission and facilitate lateral root emergence. Untimely abscission is a severe problem in many crops, and in a more applied perspective, it is of interest to investigate whether IDA-HAE/HSL2 is involved in other cell separation processes and other species. Genes encoding IDA and HSL2 orthologues have been identified in all orders of flowering plants. Angiosperms have had enormous success, with species adapted to all kinds of environments, adaptations which include variation with respect to which organs they shed. Here we review, from an evolutionary perspective, the properties of the IDA-HAE/HSL2 signaling module and the evidence for its hypothesized involvement in various cell separation processes in angiosperms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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9 pages, 581 KiB  
Review
The Yes and No of the Ethylene Involvement in Abscission
by Alessandro Botton and Benedetto Ruperti
Plants 2019, 8(6), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8060187 - 25 Jun 2019
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 6256
Abstract
Abscission has significant implications in agriculture and several efforts have been addressed by researchers to understand its regulatory steps in both model and crop species. Among the main players in abscission, ethylene has exhibited some fascinating features, in that it was shown to [...] Read more.
Abscission has significant implications in agriculture and several efforts have been addressed by researchers to understand its regulatory steps in both model and crop species. Among the main players in abscission, ethylene has exhibited some fascinating features, in that it was shown to be involved at different stages of abscission induction and, in some cases, with interesting roles also within the abscising organ at the very early stages of the process. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of ethylene both at the level of the abscission zone and within the shedding organ, pointing out the missing pieces of the very complicated puzzle of the abscission process in the different species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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15 pages, 676 KiB  
Review
Transcriptional Regulation of Abscission Zones
by Joonyup Kim, Jong-Pil Chun and Mark L. Tucker
Plants 2019, 8(6), 154; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8060154 - 6 Jun 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5227
Abstract
Precise and timely regulation of organ separation from the parent plant (abscission) is consequential to improvement of crop productivity as it influences both the timing of harvest and fruit quality. Abscission is tightly associated with plant fitness as unwanted organs (petals, sepals, filaments) [...] Read more.
Precise and timely regulation of organ separation from the parent plant (abscission) is consequential to improvement of crop productivity as it influences both the timing of harvest and fruit quality. Abscission is tightly associated with plant fitness as unwanted organs (petals, sepals, filaments) are shed after fertilization while seeds, fruits, and leaves are cast off as means of reproductive success or in response to abiotic/biotic stresses. Floral organ abscission in Arabidopsis has been a useful model to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that underlie the separation processes, and multiple abscission signals associated with the activation and downstream pathways have been uncovered. Concomitantly, large-scale analyses of omics studies in diverse abscission systems of various plants have added valuable insights into the abscission process. The results suggest that there are common molecular events linked to the biosynthesis of a new extracellular matrix as well as cell wall disassembly. Comparative analysis between Arabidopsis and soybean abscission systems has revealed shared and yet disparate regulatory modules that affect the separation processes. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the transcriptional regulation of abscission in several different plants that has improved on the previously proposed four-phased model of organ separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cell Separation Processes in Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation)
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