Improving Yields by Regulating Crop Respiration and Photosynthesis

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 October 2025 | Viewed by 1233

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Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food and Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN2 2LG, UK
Interests: nitrogen use efficiency; photosynthesis; high throughput phenotyping; crop yield; sustainable agriculture
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crop scientists are facing a major challenge to grow more with less to feed an increasing human population to ensure food security. Photosynthesis and respiration are two key physiological processes that drive crop growth and productivity, which are very much subjected to the vagaries of weather especially when grown in the field. With increasing unpredictable weather conditions due to climate change, whether it is frequent heatwaves that occur during flowering or reproductive phase of the crops or/and low rainfall when the plants are exposed to drought, all these events have dire consequences resulting in yield reductions. One of the methods used to increase crop productivity involves investigating the factors and traits that regulate photosynthesis and respiration in different crops. This Special Issue presents research covering this topic at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels, focusing on photosynthesis and respiration in different crops. Novel approaches or methodologies that are currently being researched to understand the regulation of photosynthesis and respiration will also be considered in this Special Issue

Dr. Oorbessy Gaju
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • photosynthesis
  • respiration
  • yield
  • assimilate
  • ATP
  • NADPH
  • assimilate
  • vcmax
  • chlorophyll

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3232 KiB  
Article
Influence of Water and Fertilizer Reduction on Respiratory Metabolism in Sugar Beet Taproot (Beta vulgaris L.)
by Yuxin Chang, Guolong Li, Caiyuan Jian, Bowen Zhang, Yaqing Sun, Ningning Li and Shaoying Zhang
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2282; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162282 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 944
Abstract
Inner Mongolia, a major region in China for growing sugar beet, faces challenges caused by unscientific water and fertilizer management. This mismanagement restricts the improvement of sugar beet yield and quality and exacerbates water waste and environmental pollution. This study aims to evaluate [...] Read more.
Inner Mongolia, a major region in China for growing sugar beet, faces challenges caused by unscientific water and fertilizer management. This mismanagement restricts the improvement of sugar beet yield and quality and exacerbates water waste and environmental pollution. This study aims to evaluate the effects of reduced water and fertilizer on the growth and physiological metabolism of sugar beet taproot. Field experiments were conducted in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, in 2022 and 2023, using a split-plot design with three levels each of fertilization and irrigation. The study analyzed the effects of reduced water and fertilizer treatments on fresh taproot weight, respiration rate, energy metabolism, respiratory enzyme activity, and gene expression in sugar beet taproot. It was found that a 10% reduction in fertilizer significantly increased the beet taproot fresh weight. Further research revealed that during the rapid leaf growth phase and the taproot and sugar growth period, a 10% reduction in fertilizer upregulated HK and IDH gene expression and downregulated G6PDH gene expression in the beet taproot. This increased HK and IDH activities, decreased G6PDH activity, enhanced the activity of the EMP-TCA pathway, and inhibited the PPP. Taproot weight was positively correlated with the respiration rate, ATP content, EC, and ATPase, HK, and IDH activities, thereby increasing the taproot growth rate and taproot fresh weight, with an average increase of 4.0% over two years. These findings introduce a novel method for optimizing fertilizer use, particularly beneficial in water-scarce regions. Implementing this strategy could help farmers in western Inner Mongolia and similar areas improve crop yield and sustainability. This study offers new insights into resource-efficient agricultural practices, highlighting the importance of customized fertilization strategies tailored to local environmental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Yields by Regulating Crop Respiration and Photosynthesis)
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