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Photonics
Special Issues
Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing
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Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical Interaction Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 4601

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Longxiang Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dong_Nanhu Road 3888, Changchun, China
Interests: ultra-precision machining technology; advanced optical manufacturing technology; optical intelligent manufacturing and industrial robotics; manufacturing and testing of large aperture aspheric mirrors; magnetorheological finishing
Dr. Zhongchen Cao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: ultra-precision machining technology; intelligent manufacturing and industrial robotics; abrasive machining technology; innovative hybrid manufacturing processes for difficult-to-machine materials; material science/workpiece surface integrity analysis; modelling, simulation, and optimisation of manufacturing processes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical precision manufacturing and processing is a multi-disciplinary research area and an important scope in advanced manufacturing technologies. It is the key technology in the fields of space optics, weaponry, strong laser devices, infrared thermal imaging, and medical imaging equipment. In recent years, optical precision manufacturing and processing technology is developing towards higher precision, higher efficiency, more complexity, faster, and lower cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new advanced machining technologies, non-conventional machining techniques, and hybrid machining platforms for numerous research challenges including the increasing degree of geometrical complexity, high-precision requirements and the evolution of advanced materials of the workpiece.

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to a Special Issue of Photonics on “Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing”. This Special Issue aims to focus on the recent advances and frontiers of optical precision manufacturing and processing.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Ultra-precision optical manufacturing;
  • Hybrid machining of photonic devices;
  • Precision Manufacturing of optics;
  • Non-conventional assisted machining of optics;
  • Single-point diamond turning of optics;
  • Ion-beam/plasma/water-jet/MRF figuring processes for optical manufacturing;
  • Precision CNC machining of optics;
  • Moulding for glass optics;
  • Additive manufacturing (e.g., 3D printing) of optics;
  • Advanced surfacing and finishing technologies for optical manufacturing;
  • Surface Characterisation of optics;
  • Precision Metrology of optics;
  • Modelling and Simulation;
  • Novel Machining Processes for optical manufacturing.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Longxiang Li
Dr. Zhongchen Cao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 8286 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of a 4 m SiC Aspheric Mirror Using an Optimized Strategy of Dividing an Error Map
by Zhenyu Liu, Longxiang Li, Erhui Qi, Haixiang Hu and Xiao Luo
Photonics 2024, 11(2), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11020125 - 29 Jan 2024
Viewed by 744
Abstract
This paper introduces an optimization strategy for fabricating large aspheric mirrors. We polished a large SiC aspheric mirror, 4 m in diameter, achieving a surface error of 1/40λ RMS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance of such a [...] Read more.
This paper introduces an optimization strategy for fabricating large aspheric mirrors. We polished a large SiC aspheric mirror, 4 m in diameter, achieving a surface error of 1/40λ RMS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance of such a result for a mirror of this material and size combination. Due to the various performance settings of different tools, achieving optimal polishing results with a single setting is challenging. We evaluated the performance of various tool settings and developed an optimization strategy, dividing error maps to enhance efficiency in large-aperture aspheric mirror fabrication. We established the relationship between tool size and its error control capability. The residual error map of the mirror was divided into two parts using Zernike polynomial expansion based on the frequency order of the error map. Here, we used the first 36 terms of the Zernike polynomial fit to define a low-order error map, and the residual error was used to define a high-order error map. Large tools were used to correct the low-order frequency error map, whereas small tools were used to correct the high-order frequency error map. Therefore, the original residual error map could be corrected with significantly high efficiency. By employing this strategy, we fabricated a 4 m SiC aspheric mirror in 18 months, achieving a final surface error better than 0.024λ RMS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing)
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11 pages, 4943 KiB  
Article
Research on Coherent Stray Light Fringes in Interference Compensation Testing
by Yutong Sun, Qiang Cheng, Haixiang Hu, Xin Zhang, Xiaokun Wang, Longxiang Li, Donglin Xue and Xuejun Zhang
Photonics 2024, 11(1), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010074 - 11 Jan 2024
Viewed by 775
Abstract
Testing accuracy is an essential factor in determining the manufacturing accuracy of aspheric mirrors. Because of the complexity of the null compensation test, the coherent stray lights generated by multiple reflections and transmissions between optical elements and the crosstalk fringes generated by the [...] Read more.
Testing accuracy is an essential factor in determining the manufacturing accuracy of aspheric mirrors. Because of the complexity of the null compensation test, the coherent stray lights generated by multiple reflections and transmissions between optical elements and the crosstalk fringes generated by the multi-beam interference of the reference light, test light, and stray lights are superimposed on the interference fringes, resulting in reduced testing accuracy. Focusing on this problem, a simulation analysis method for crosstalk fringes based on ray-tracing and multi-beam interference in interference testing is proposed. The coordinates, amplitudes, and phases of the test light and stray lights on the transmission sphere are traced, and the crosstalk fringes and interference testing fringes and their positions, sizes, and intensity information are simulated via multi-beam interference. The influence of crosstalk fringes on interference fringes is determined. An experimental optical path is built to verify the correctness of the crosstalk fringe simulation method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing)
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12 pages, 9933 KiB  
Article
Study on the Removal Depth of the Surface Plastic Domain of Silicon-Modified Silicon Carbide
by Yixing Qu, Longxiang Li, Xingchang Li, Shi Pan, Ruigang Li and Xuejun Zhang
Photonics 2024, 11(1), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010072 - 11 Jan 2024
Viewed by 732
Abstract
Silicon carbide (Sic) materials find wide-ranging applications in advanced optical systems within the aerospace, astronomical observation, and high-intensity laser fields. The silicon-modified Sic used in this study was created by depositing an amorphous silicon film on the surface of a Sic substrate using [...] Read more.
Silicon carbide (Sic) materials find wide-ranging applications in advanced optical systems within the aerospace, astronomical observation, and high-intensity laser fields. The silicon-modified Sic used in this study was created by depositing an amorphous silicon film on the surface of a Sic substrate using electron beam evaporation. Such hard and brittle materials often yield smooth surfaces when subjected to plastic removal. To address the issue of the removal depth of the surface plastic domain for silicon-modified Sic, we propose a method to calculate the indentation depth based on the critical load for the transition from plastic to brittle removal. We conducted a series of nanoindentation and nanoscratching experiments. The critical depth formula was validated through mechanical parameters such as hardness, elastic modulus, and fracture toughness, and the theoretical critical depth of the modified silicon layer was calculated to be 2.71 μm. The research results indicate that the critical load for obtaining the plastic-to-brittle transition point during the nanoindentation experiment is 886 mN, at which point the depth of plastic removal is 2.95 μm, closely matching the theoretical value. The measurements taken with an atomic force microscope near the critical load reveal a scratch depth of 3.12 μm, with a relative error of less than 5% when compared to the calculated value. This study establishes a solid foundation for achieving high-quality surface processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing)
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15 pages, 23355 KiB  
Article
Simulation and Experimental Study of Nanosecond Pulse Laser Removal of Epoxy Paint on 6061 Aluminum Alloy Surface
by Yahui Li, Jingyi Li, Hang Dong, Wei Zhang and Guangyong Jin
Photonics 2024, 11(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010025 - 27 Dec 2023
Viewed by 845
Abstract
Laser paint removal is a new cleaning technology that mainly removes paint through thermal ablation and mechanical stripping mechanisms. This paper established a thermal-mechanical coupling laser removal model of paint based on the heat conduction equation, Newton’s second law, and Fabbro’s theory. The [...] Read more.
Laser paint removal is a new cleaning technology that mainly removes paint through thermal ablation and mechanical stripping mechanisms. This paper established a thermal-mechanical coupling laser removal model of paint based on the heat conduction equation, Newton’s second law, and Fabbro’s theory. The removal process of epoxy resin paint film on an aluminum alloy surface via a nanosecond pulsed laser was studied using finite element simulations and experimental measurements. The simulation and experimental results show that the nanosecond pulse laser’s primary paint removal mechanism is the mechanical stripping caused by thermal stress and plasma shock. The laser paint removal threshold is 1.4 J/cm2. In addition, due to the different generation times of plasma shock and thermal stress, the mutual superposition of stress waves occurs in the material. This results in a discrepancy between the actual and thermal stress differences. Moreover, the thermal stress difference causes the maximum actual stress difference to fluctuate. The simulation model established in this paper can provide a reference for studying the thermal-mechanical coupling process of laser paint removal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing)
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14 pages, 5047 KiB  
Article
Piston Detection of Optical Sparse Aperture Systems Based on an Improved Phase Diversity Method
by Yang Zhao, Jiabiao Li, Tai Liu, Xiangquan Tan, Zhenbang Xu and Qingwen Wu
Photonics 2023, 10(9), 1039; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10091039 - 12 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 728
Abstract
The piston error has a significant effect on the imaging resolution of the optical sparse aperture system. In this paper, an improved phase diversity method based on particle swarm optimization and the sequential quadratic programming algorithm is proposed, which can overcome the drawbacks [...] Read more.
The piston error has a significant effect on the imaging resolution of the optical sparse aperture system. In this paper, an improved phase diversity method based on particle swarm optimization and the sequential quadratic programming algorithm is proposed, which can overcome the drawbacks of the traditional phase diversity method and particle swarm optimization, such as the instability that results from polychromatic light conditions and premature convergence. The method introduces factor β in the stage of calculating the objective function, and combines the advantages of a heuristic algorithm and a nonlinear programming algorithm in the optimization stage, thus enhancing the accuracy and stability of piston detection. Simulations based on a dual-aperture optical sparse aperture system verified that the root mean square error obtained by the method can be guaranteed to be within 0.001λ (wavelength), which satisfies the requirement of practical imaging. An experimental test was also conducted to demonstrate the performance of the method, and the test results showed that the quality of the image after piston detection and correction improved significantly compared to images with the co-phase error. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Precision Manufacturing and Processing)
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