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Photonics
Special Issues
Ultrashort Laser Pulses
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Ultrashort Laser Pulses

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 8036

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andreas Hoffmann

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Zeuthen, Germany
Interests: ultrashort laser pulses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit an article to a new Special Issue of Photonics entitled ‘Ultrashort Laser Pulses’.

To study the nonlinear response of matter, light has to be spatially and temporally confined to a small spot to achieve the highest possible intensities. Ultrafast laser pulses, starting from femtosecond oscillators up to amplification to terawatt and petawatt, are a key technology in a wide range of scientific fields, from biomedical imaging, material processing, atomic and molecular physics to laser particle acceleration.

In addition to the wide application spectrum of ultrashort laser pulses, the scientific and technological challenges that arise associated with this practice are covered in this Special Issue.

This Special Issue invites original research articles and reviews that introduce the recent advances in ultrashort laser pulses. All theoretical, numerical, and experimental papers are accepted. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Generation, amplification and characterization of ultrashort laser pulses;
  • Frequency conversion of ultrashort laser pulses;
  • Pulse shaping and adaptive optics;
  • Pump–probe spectroscopy;
  • High-harmonic generation, surface harmonic generation and attosecond physics;
  • Applications of ultrashort laser pulses (e.g., material processing and medical applications).

Dr. Andreas Hoffmann
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ultrashort laser pulses
  • mode-locking
  • high-harmonic generation
  • nonlinear optics
  • pump-probe spectroscopy
  • femtosecond
  • picosecond
  • attosecond
  • pulse-shaping
  • ultrafast optics

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 8469 KiB  
Article
The Creation of a Domain Structure Using Ultrashort Pulse NIR Laser Irradiation in the Bulk of MgO-Doped Lithium Tantalate
by Boris Lisjikh, Mikhail Kosobokov and Vladimir Shur
Photonics 2024, 11(10), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11100928 - 30 Sep 2024
Viewed by 716
Abstract
The fabrication of stable, tailored domain patterns in ferroelectric crystals has wide applications in optical and electronic industries. All-optical ferroelectric poling by pulse laser irradiation has been developed recently. In this work, we studied the creation of the domain structures in MgO-doped lithium [...] Read more.
The fabrication of stable, tailored domain patterns in ferroelectric crystals has wide applications in optical and electronic industries. All-optical ferroelectric poling by pulse laser irradiation has been developed recently. In this work, we studied the creation of the domain structures in MgO-doped lithium tantalate by focused irradiation with a femtosecond near-infrared laser. Cherenkov-type second harmonic generation microscopy was used for domain imaging of the bulk. We have revealed the creation of enveloped domains around the induced microtracks under the action of the depolarization field. The domain growth is due to a pyroelectric field caused by a nonuniform temperature change. The domains in the bulk were revealed to have a three-ray star-shaped cross-section. It was shown that an increase in the field excess above the threshold leads to consequential changes in domain shape from a three-ray star to a triangular and a circular shape. The appearance of comb-like domains as a result of linear scanning was demonstrated. All effects were considered in terms of a kinetic approach, taking into account the domain wall motion by step generation and kink motion driven by excess of the local field over the threshold. The obtained knowledge is useful for the all-optical methods of domain engineering in ferroelectrics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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15 pages, 4245 KiB  
Article
Towards Implementation of 3D Amplitude Shaping at 515 nm and First Pulseshaping Experiments at PITZ
by Andreas Hoffmann, James Good, Matthias Gross, Mikhail Krasilnikov and Frank Stephan
Photonics 2024, 11(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010006 - 21 Dec 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1260
Abstract
A key issue of X-ray free-electron lasers is the quality of the photoelectron beams generated from a photocathode by laser pulses in the high-gradient RF gun. Controlling the shape of these laser pulses can strongly reduce the transverse emittance of the generated electron [...] Read more.
A key issue of X-ray free-electron lasers is the quality of the photoelectron beams generated from a photocathode by laser pulses in the high-gradient RF gun. Controlling the shape of these laser pulses can strongly reduce the transverse emittance of the generated electron bunch. For this purpose, a laser pulseshaper at 515 nm is presented that can be used directly with alkali antimonide photocathodes for photoemission. The first results regarding generation and measurement of flattop and parabolic pulses as well as introduction of modulations for THz generation are presented and show the potential for emittance optimization with 3D ellipsoidal pulses with the proposed pulseshaper. The experiments are carried out for Cs2Te photocathodes, which require second harmonic generation of the shaped pulses and thus allow investigation of pulseshape preservation in nonlinear frequency conversion processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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13 pages, 6118 KiB  
Article
Periodical Ultra-Modulation of Broadened Laser Spectra in Dielectrics at Variable Ultrashort Laser Pulsewidths: Ultrafast Plasma, Plasmonic and Nanoscale Structural Effects
by Sergey Kudryashov, Pavel Danilov, Alexey Gorevoy, Volodymyr Kovalov, Mikhail Kosobokov, Andrey Akhmatkhanov, Boris Lisjikh, Anton Turygin, Evgeny Greshnyakov and Vladimir Shur
Photonics 2023, 10(12), 1316; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10121316 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1228
Abstract
Self-phase modulation (SPM) broadening of prompt laser spectra was studied in a transmission mode in natural and synthetic diamonds at variable laser wavelengths (515 and 1030 nm), pulse energies and widths (0.3–12 ps, positively chirped pulses), providing their filamentary propagation. Besides the monotonous [...] Read more.
Self-phase modulation (SPM) broadening of prompt laser spectra was studied in a transmission mode in natural and synthetic diamonds at variable laser wavelengths (515 and 1030 nm), pulse energies and widths (0.3–12 ps, positively chirped pulses), providing their filamentary propagation. Besides the monotonous SPM broadening of the laser spectra versus pulse energy, which was more pronounced for the (sub)picosecond pulsewidths and more nitrogen-doped natural diamond with its intra-gap impurity states, periodical low-frequency modulation was observed in the spectra at the shorter laser pulsewidths, indicating dynamic Bragg filtering of the supercontinuum due to ultrafast plasma and nanoplasmonic effects. Damping of broadening and ultra-modulation for the longer picosecond pulsewidths was related to the thermalized electron-hole plasma regime established for the laser pulsewidths longer, than 2 ps. Unexpectedly, at higher pulse energies and corresponding longer, well-developed microfilaments, the number of low-intensity, low-frequency sideband spectral modulation features counterintuitively increases, thus indicating dynamic variation of the periods in the longitudinal plasma Bragg gratings along the filaments due to prompt secondary laser–plasmon interactions. The underlying sub- and/or near-wavelength longitudinal nanoscale Bragg gratings produced by femtosecond laser pulses in this regime could be visualized in less hard lithium niobate by atomic force microscopy cross-sectional analysis in the correlation with the corresponding sideband spectral components, supporting the anticipated Bragg filtering mechanism and envisioning the corresponding grating periods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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11 pages, 2949 KiB  
Article
Creation of a Periodic Domain Structure in MgOLN by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation
by Boris Lisjikh, Mikhail Kosobokov, Anton Turygin, Artem Efimov and Vladimir Shur
Photonics 2023, 10(11), 1211; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10111211 - 31 Oct 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1363
Abstract
The systematic imaging of the damaged tracks and domain patterns created in the MgOLN plates by one-step fs-laser irradiation at different depths was carried out. It is shown that the domains in the bulk have a spindle-like shape and start to grow in [...] Read more.
The systematic imaging of the damaged tracks and domain patterns created in the MgOLN plates by one-step fs-laser irradiation at different depths was carried out. It is shown that the domains in the bulk have a spindle-like shape and start to grow in the Z− direction from the track ends. The domain shape changes from a spindle-like one with charged walls to a hexagonal prism with neutral walls after the domain reaches the polar surface. The length of the domains located in the bulk increases linearly with the pulse energy. The hexagonal domain shape at the surface is typical for the crystals of the lithium niobate family. The obtained effects have been considered in terms of the kinetic approach. After irradiation, the domains appear in the vicinity of the track ends with maximum electric field strength and grow under the action of a spatially nonuniform pyroelectric field. The key role of the pyroelectric field is confirmed by the creation of new domains at the surface without correlation with the position of the focusing point located at the vicinity of the surface. The 3D domain pattern was produced, which represented four layers of the regular matrices consisting of elongated domains about 100 μm in length. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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12 pages, 4820 KiB  
Article
A Diamond Terahertz Large Aperture Photoconductive Antenna Biased by a Longitudinal Field
by Vitali V. Kononenko, Vladimir V. Bukin, Maxim S. Komlenok, Evgeny V. Zavedeev, Taras V. Kononenko, Margarita A. Dezhkina, Pavel P. Ratnikov, Timophey V. Dolmatov, Pavel A. Chizhov, Alexander A. Ushakov, Vitaly I. Konov and Sergey V. Garnov
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101169 - 20 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1408
Abstract
The novel design of a terahertz large aperture photoconductive antenna (LAPCA) is reported. It features a longitudinal orientation of the bias electric field within the photoconductive substrate, and has the advantage of a small interelectrode gap, resulting in a higher field for the [...] Read more.
The novel design of a terahertz large aperture photoconductive antenna (LAPCA) is reported. It features a longitudinal orientation of the bias electric field within the photoconductive substrate, and has the advantage of a small interelectrode gap, resulting in a higher field for the same applied voltage. The proposed LAPCA configuration has been tested with a nitrogen-doped (∼10 ppm) synthetic monocrystalline diamond, which is a promising material for high-intensity and high-power terahertz sources. Two antennas with different high-voltage electrode realizations were assembled, pumped by a 400 nm femtosecond laser, and tested for THz emitter function. The experimental data are found to be in good correlation with the numerical simulation results. The performance of antennas with the conventional transverse E-field configuration and the novel longitudinal configuration is compared and discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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6 pages, 882 KiB  
Communication
Spectrum of Terahertz Emission from Single-Color Filament Plasma under Different Laser Beam Focusing
by Georgy Rizaev, Dmitrii Pushkarev and Leonid Seleznev
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1161; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101161 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1320
Abstract
The spectrum of terahertz radiation generated in plasma of a single-color laser filament is observed, using a new technique based on obtaining two-dimensional angular distributions at different frequencies. It is shown that the maximum of the spectrum occurs in the low-frequency region for [...] Read more.
The spectrum of terahertz radiation generated in plasma of a single-color laser filament is observed, using a new technique based on obtaining two-dimensional angular distributions at different frequencies. It is shown that the maximum of the spectrum occurs in the low-frequency region for different laser pump focusing conditions. It is demonstrated that with the initial beam numerical aperture growth the generation of terahertz radiation at high frequencies increases more intensely compared to low frequencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrashort Laser Pulses)
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