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Pathogens
Special Issues
Recent Research on Bloodstream Infections
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Recent Research on Bloodstream Infections

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 404

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stella Baliou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
Interests: Infection; molecular biology; genetics
Dr. Petros Ioannou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
Interests: infectious diseases; internal medicine; HIV/AIDS; infective endocarditis; blood-stream infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bloodstream infections frequently complicate community-acquired infections and are also among the most common hospital-acquired infections. Several changes are noted nowadays regarding the epidemiology and microbiology of both community-acquired bloodstream infections and hospital-acquired ones. These changes, mostly seen in hospital-acquired infections, are associated with the increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant microorganisms, either Gram-positives, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, or Gram-negatives, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas.

In an attempt to better understand the problem of bloodstream infections, this Special Issue aims to gather research studies and reviews related to the epidemiology and microbiology of bloodstream infections, as well as the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with bloodstream infections.

Dr. Stella Baliou
Dr. Petros Ioannou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • community-acquired infection
  • hospital-acquired infection
  • bloodstream infection
  • bacteremia
  • fungemia

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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10 pages, 602 KB  
Systematic Review
Infective Endocarditis by Fusobacterium Species—A Systematic Review
by Petros Ioannou, Eleni Mourati, Styliani Thalasseli Kazali, Chrysoula Bali, Stella Baliou and George Samonis
Pathogens 2025, 14(8), 829; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14080829 - 21 Aug 2025
Viewed by 214
Abstract
Background: Fusobacterium species are anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli that are part of the normal oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal flora. Although rare, they can cause infective endocarditis (IE), a severe condition with high morbidity. The clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes of IE caused by Fusobacterium [...] Read more.
Background: Fusobacterium species are anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli that are part of the normal oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal flora. Although rare, they can cause infective endocarditis (IE), a severe condition with high morbidity. The clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and outcomes of IE caused by Fusobacterium spp. remain incompletely defined. This systematic review aimed to synthesize available data on Fusobacterium IE and compare its features with IE caused by other pathogens. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library up to 27 February 2025, using the terms “Fusobacterium” and “endocarditis.” Eligible studies included case reports or series describing adult or pediatric patients with Fusobacterium-associated IE. Data were extracted on demographics, risk factors, clinical features, microbiology, treatment, and outcomes. Results: A total of 21 studies (all case reports) involving 21 patients were included. The median age was 48 years, and 85.7% were male. Poor dental hygiene or recent dental work was the most common predisposing factor (47.6%). The mitral valve was most frequently affected (44.4%). Fever and sepsis were reported in nearly all cases, and embolic phenomena occurred in 81%. The most commonly isolated species were F. necrophorum (47.6%) and F. nucleatum (42.9%). Treatment commonly included metronidazole (61.9%), while surgical management was required in 23.8%. All-cause and infection-attributable mortality were both 9.5%. Conclusions: Fusobacterium IE predominantly affects younger males and is often linked to oral sources. This disease is associated with a high risk of systemic complications but seems to have a lower mortality compared to IE from other pathogens, including other anaerobic bacteria. Early diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial treatment are of utmost importance for optimal outcomes. Further research is required to guide evidence-based management of this rare but serious infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Research on Bloodstream Infections)
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