Coxiella burnetii: The Host Immune Response, Host-Pathogen Interaction and Pathogenesis

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1588

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
Interests: vaccine development; host–pathogen interaction; host immune responses; microbial pathogenesis; vector-borne diseases

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Guest Editor
Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
Interests: host–pathogen interactions; bacterial secretion mechanisms; vaccine development; microbial pathogenesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to enhance our understanding of the host innate and adaptive immune responses to C. burnetii infection, the mechanisms of host–Coxiella interaction, the pathogenesis of C. burnetii, and vaccine-induced protective immunity against human Q fever, which may contribute to the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of human Q fever. For the Coxiella burnetii Special Issue of Pathogens, we would like to invite you to submit a review or research article related to host immune responses, inflammation, T and B cell responses, vaccine development, immune evasion, host–Coxiella interaction, virulent factors, and the pathogenesis of C. burnetii infection. We look forward to your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Guoquan Zhang
Dr. Erin J. Van Schaik
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Coxiella burnetii
  • host immune responses
  • host–Coxiella interaction
  • vaccine development
  • pathogenesis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1850 KiB  
Article
Acid Tolerance of Coxiella burnetii Is Strain-Specific and Might Depend on Stomach Content
by Katharina Sobotta, Jan Schulze-Luehrmann, Martha Ölke, Katharina Boden and Anja Lührmann
Pathogens 2025, 14(3), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14030272 - 12 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1191
Abstract
Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella (C.) burnetii. Human infections occur mainly via inhalation, but infections via the oral route have been observed. Gastric acidic conditions (pH 2–4) are the first defense mechanism [...] Read more.
Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella (C.) burnetii. Human infections occur mainly via inhalation, but infections via the oral route have been observed. Gastric acidic conditions (pH 2–4) are the first defense mechanism to limit food-associated infections. In this study, we tested the ability of C. burnetii to survive extremely acidic conditions (pH 2–3) to assess the risk of oral infection in humans. We treated different C. burnetii strains with different pH values and calculated the recovery rate by counting colony-forming units. The analysis of an additional eight C. burnetii strains showed that some strains are acid-resistant, while others are not. Importantly, the presence of pepsin, an endopeptidase and the main digestive enzyme in the gastrointestinal tract, increases the survival rate of C. burnetii. Similarly, the presence of milk might also increase the survival rate. These results suggest that oral infections by C. burnetii are possible and depend on the bacterial strain and the stomach microenvironment. Consequently, the digestive infection route of C. burnetii could play a role in the transmission of the pathogen. Full article
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