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Nutrients
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Dietary Intake and Aging Brain
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Dietary Intake and Aging Brain

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2021) | Viewed by 19263

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Stephanie Rainey-Smith

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
Interests: Aging; Alzheimer’s; Dementia; Cognition; Neuroimaging; Nutrition; Sleep; Physical Activity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The world’s population is growing older. Consequently, much work is underway focusing on the development of strategies to maintain health with advancing age. Diet represents one such strategy. However, many questions still need to be answered, including regarding which dietary components or patterns confer the greatest benefit, and to which systems of the body, what level of consumption is required and for what timeframe, and whether such strategies can reduce risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s and dementia. 

This Special Issue on ‘Dietary Intake and the Aging Brain’ seeks to address some of these knowledge gaps by publishing selected papers detailing specific aspects of nutrition that could play a role in maintaining brain health with advancing age. Particularly, papers (reviews, clinical and experimental studies) that examine the role of specific nutrients in cognitive function and brain health, both directly and indirectly, and contributions describing the development and validation of a novel dietary assessment for use in studies of Alzheimer’s disease and ageing, will be included.

Dr. Stephanie Rainey-Smith
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Aging
  • Alzheimer’s
  • Dementia
  • Cognition
  • Neuroimaging
  • Nutrition
  • Diet
  • Amyloid
  • Dietary Pattern

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 585 KiB  
Article
Validation and Reliability of the Alzheimer’s Disease-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Food Frequency Questionnaire
by Samantha L. Gardener, Philippa Lyons-Wall, Ralph N. Martins and Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
Nutrients 2020, 12(12), 3605; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123605 - 24 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2928
Abstract
Accuracy in measuring intake of dietary constituents is an important issue in studies reporting the associations between diet and chronic diseases. We modified a Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to include foods of interest in the field [...] Read more.
Accuracy in measuring intake of dietary constituents is an important issue in studies reporting the associations between diet and chronic diseases. We modified a Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to include foods of interest in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research. The aim of the current study was to determine the reliability and validity of the AD-CSIROFFQ in 148 cognitively normal older adults. The AD-CSIROFFQ was completed before and after completion of a four-day weighed food record. Of the 508 food and beverage items reported, 309 had sufficient consumption levels for analysis of reliability. Of the 309 items, over 78% were significantly correlated between the two questionnaire administrations (Spearman’s rank correlations). We used two additional methods to assess absolute nutrient intake agreement between the AD-CSIROFFQ and the weighed food records (Pearson’s correlation coefficients and Bland–Altman plots) and quintile rankings to measure group level agreement. The adequate correlations observed between questionnaire responses suggest that the AD-CSIROFFQ is reliable. All nutrient intakes were acceptable for ranking of individuals on a group level, whilst the agreement levels with respect to the weighed food records for 11 of the 46 nutrients show validity in terms of their individual level absolute intake. The AD-CSIROFFQ makes an important contribution to the tools available for assessing usual dietary intake in groups of older adults with respect to AD research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Aging Brain)
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Review

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22 pages, 1134 KiB  
Review
Therapeutic Potential of Mitophagy-Inducing Microflora Metabolite, Urolithin A for Alzheimer’s Disease
by Dona Pamoda W. Jayatunga, Eugene Hone, Harjot Khaira, Taciana Lunelli, Harjinder Singh, Gilles J. Guillemin, Binosha Fernando, Manohar L. Garg, Giuseppe Verdile and Ralph N. Martins
Nutrients 2021, 13(11), 3744; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13113744 - 23 Oct 2021
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 7401
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction including deficits of mitophagy is seen in aging and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apart from traditionally targeting amyloid beta (Aβ), the main culprit in AD brains, other approaches include investigating impaired mitochondrial pathways for potential therapeutic benefits against AD. [...] Read more.
Mitochondrial dysfunction including deficits of mitophagy is seen in aging and neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Apart from traditionally targeting amyloid beta (Aβ), the main culprit in AD brains, other approaches include investigating impaired mitochondrial pathways for potential therapeutic benefits against AD. Thus, a future therapy for AD may focus on novel candidates that enhance optimal mitochondrial integrity and turnover. Bioactive food components, known as nutraceuticals, may serve as such agents to combat AD. Urolithin A is an intestinal microbe-derived metabolite of a class of polyphenols, ellagitannins (ETs). Urolithin A is known to exert many health benefits. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-Aβ, and pro-mitophagy properties are increasingly recognized. However, the underlying mechanisms of urolithin A in inducing mitophagy is poorly understood. This review discusses the mitophagy deficits in AD and examines potential molecular mechanisms of its activation. Moreover, the current knowledge of urolithin A is discussed, focusing on its neuroprotective properties and its potential to induce mitophagy. Specifically, this review proposes potential mechanisms by which urolithin A may activate and promote mitophagy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Aging Brain)
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11 pages, 487 KiB  
Review
Lutein Has a Positive Impact on Brain Health in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies
by Ayano Yagi, Rui Nouchi, Laurie Butler and Ryuta Kawashima
Nutrients 2021, 13(6), 1746; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061746 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 8171
Abstract
A previous systematic review revealed that lutein intake leads to improved cognitive function among older adults. However, the association between lutein intake and brain health remains unclear. Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library for research papers. The [...] Read more.
A previous systematic review revealed that lutein intake leads to improved cognitive function among older adults. However, the association between lutein intake and brain health remains unclear. Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library for research papers. The criteria were (1) an intervention study using oral lutein intake or a cross-sectional study that examined lutein levels and the brain, (2) participants were older adults, and (3) brain activities or structures were measured using a brain imaging technique (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or electroencephalography (EEG)). Results: Seven studies using MRI (brain activities during rest, cognitive tasks, and brain structure) and two studies using EEG were included. We mainly focused on MRI studies. Three intervention studies using MRI indicated that 10 mg lutein intake over 12 months had a positive impact on healthy older adults’ brain activities during learning, resting-state connectivity, and gray matter volumes. Four cross-sectional studies using MRI suggested that lutein was positively associated with brain structure and neural efficiency during cognitive tasks. Conclusion: Although only nine studies that used similar datasets were reviewed, this systematic review indicates that lutein has beneficial effects on healthy older adults’ brain health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Aging Brain)
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