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Preventive and Therapeutic Nutraceuticals

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 January 2025 | Viewed by 9002

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2133, USA
Interests: secondary metabolism of plants under stress conditions; functional foods and cell molecular targets; postharvest biology and technology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutraceuticals and functional foods are attracting attention for their potential preventive and therapeutic effects. Over the past few decades, enormous efforts have been devoted to exploring this exciting new topic, and a large body of preclinical and clinical evidence has been collected. In fact, it has been established that adherence to a healthy diet (i.e., the Mediterranean diet) or a diet supplemented with micronutrients (vitamins or minerals) or products isolated from vegetables (including phytosterols or flavonoids) may help in health and the prevention of chronic diseases.

Currently, many components of plants are well recognized for their beneficial health properties, but many components are still awaiting identification and functional characterization for their optimal use by the food and pharmaceutical industries in the development of new and highly effective medicines. Thus, despite much work that has been conducted, there is clearly room for research in this hot area at the basic, clinical, and epidemiological levels.

This Special Issue calls for original research as well as review articles and meta-analyses that consider a non-traditional use of nutraceuticals.

Prof. Dr. Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nutraceuticals
  • functional foods
  • preventive effects
  • therapeutic effects
  • diet supplement
  • micronutrients

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2301 KiB  
Article
The Neuroprotective Effects of Oroxylum indicum Extract in SHSY-5Y Neuronal Cells by Upregulating BDNF Gene Expression under LPS Induced Inflammation
by Shareena Sreedharan, Alpana Pande, Anurag Pande, Muhammed Majeed and Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
Nutrients 2024, 16(12), 1887; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121887 - 14 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1203
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role during neuronal development as well as during differentiation and synaptogenesis. They are important proteins present in the brain that support neuronal health and protect the neurons from detrimental signals. The results from the present [...] Read more.
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role during neuronal development as well as during differentiation and synaptogenesis. They are important proteins present in the brain that support neuronal health and protect the neurons from detrimental signals. The results from the present study suggest BDNF expression can be increase up to ~8-fold by treating the neuroblastoma cells SHSY-5Y with an herbal extract of Oroxylum indicum (50 μg/mL) and ~5.5-fold under lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation conditions. The Oroxylum indicum extract (Sabroxy) was standardized to 10% oroxylin A, 6% chrysin, and 15% baicalein. In addition, Sabroxy has shown to possess antioxidant activity that could decrease the damage caused by the exacerbation of radicals during neurodegeneration. A mode of action of over expression of BDNF with and without inflammation is proposed for the Oroxylum indicum extract, where the three major hydroxyflavones exert their effects through additive or synergistic effects via five possible targets including GABA, Adenoside A2A and estrogen receptor bindings, anti-inflammatory effects, and reduced mitochondrial ROS production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive and Therapeutic Nutraceuticals)
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20 pages, 2506 KiB  
Article
Effects of Fermented Polygonum cuspidatum on the Skeletal Muscle Functions
by Young-Seon Kim, Ji-Hye Han, Chang-Hoon Lim, Xue-Quan Fang, Hyeock-Soon Jang, Sang-Yun Lee, Woo-Jong Yim and Ji-Hong Lim
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 305; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020305 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1952
Abstract
Plant extract fermentation is widely employed to enhance the nutritional and pharmaceutical value of functional foods. Polygonum cuspidatum (Pc) contains flavonoids, anthraquinones, and stilbenes, imparting protective effects against inflammatory diseases, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of fermented Pc on skeletal [...] Read more.
Plant extract fermentation is widely employed to enhance the nutritional and pharmaceutical value of functional foods. Polygonum cuspidatum (Pc) contains flavonoids, anthraquinones, and stilbenes, imparting protective effects against inflammatory diseases, cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of fermented Pc on skeletal muscle strength remain unexplored. In this study, we generated fermented Pc using a complex of microorganisms containing Lactobacillus spp. (McPc) and assessed its effects on muscle strength and motor function in mice. Compared to unfermented Pc water extract, elevated levels of emodin and resveratrol were noted in McPc. This was identified and quantified using UPLC-QTOF/MS and HPLC techniques. Gene expression profiling through RNA-seq and quantitative RT-PCR revealed that McPc administration upregulated the expression of genes associated with antioxidants, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis in cultured C2C12 myotubes and the gastrocnemius muscle in mice. McPc significantly improved skeletal muscle strength, motor coordination, and traction force in mice subjected to sciatic neurectomy and high-fat diet (HFD). McPc administration exhibited more pronounced improvement of obesity, hyperglycemia, fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia in HFD mice compared to control group. These findings support the notion that emodin and resveratrol-enriched McPc may offer health benefits for addressing skeletal muscle weakness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive and Therapeutic Nutraceuticals)
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19 pages, 4892 KiB  
Article
Protective Role of Phenolic Compounds from Whole Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) against LPS-Induced Inflammation in Colon and Macrophage Cells
by Shareena Sreedharan, Vimal Nair and Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 2965; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15132965 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2897
Abstract
The chemical profiling of phenolic and terpenoid compounds in whole cardamom, skin, and seeds (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) showed 11 phenolics and 16 terpenoids, many of which are reported for the first time. Herein, we report the anti-inflammatory properties of a methanolic [...] Read more.
The chemical profiling of phenolic and terpenoid compounds in whole cardamom, skin, and seeds (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton) showed 11 phenolics and 16 terpenoids, many of which are reported for the first time. Herein, we report the anti-inflammatory properties of a methanolic extract of whole cardamom in colon and macrophage cells stimulated with an inflammatory bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results show that cardamom extracts lowered the expression of pro-inflammatory genes NFkβ, TNFα, IL-6, and COX2 in colon cells by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) while not affecting LXRα. In macrophages, cardamom extracts lowered the expression of pro-inflammatory genes NFkβ, TNFα, IL-6, and COX2 and decreased NO levels through a reduction in ROS and enhanced gene expression of nuclear receptors LXRα and PPARγ. The cardamom extracts in a range of 200–800 μg/mL did not show toxicity effects in colon or macrophage cells. The whole-cardamom methanolic extracts contained high levels of phenolics compounds (e.g., protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, among others) and are likely responsible for the anti-inflammatory and multifunctional effects observed in this study. The generated information suggests that cardamom may play a protective role against low-grade inflammation that can be the basis of future in vivo studies using mice models of inflammation and associated chronic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive and Therapeutic Nutraceuticals)
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Review

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23 pages, 6439 KiB  
Review
Exploring the Ecological Implications, Gastronomic Applications, and Nutritional and Therapeutic Potential of Juglans regia L. (Green Walnut): A Comprehensive Review
by Shaikh Ayaz Mukarram, Sangram S. Wandhekar, Abdelhakam Esmaeil Mohamed Ahmed, Vinay Kumar Pandey, Oláh Csaba, Daróczi Lajos, Prokisch József, Endre Harsányi and Kovács Bela
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081183 - 16 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2348
Abstract
The green walnut, which is frequently overlooked in favor of its more mature sibling, is becoming a topic of great significance because of its unique ecological role, culinary flexibility, and therapeutic richness. The investigation of the bioactive substances found in green walnuts and [...] Read more.
The green walnut, which is frequently overlooked in favor of its more mature sibling, is becoming a topic of great significance because of its unique ecological role, culinary flexibility, and therapeutic richness. The investigation of the bioactive substances found in green walnuts and their possible effects on human health has therapeutic potential. Juglans regia L. is an important ecological component that affects soil health, biodiversity, and the overall ecological dynamic in habitats. Comprehending and recording these consequences are essential for environmental management and sustainable land-use strategies. Regarding cuisine, while black walnuts are frequently the main attraction, green walnuts have distinct tastes and textures that are used in a variety of dishes. Culinary innovation and the preservation of cultural food heritage depend on the understanding and exploration of these gastronomic characteristics. Omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals are abundant in green walnuts, which have a comprehensive nutritional profile. Walnuts possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cognitive-function-enhancing properties. Consuming green walnuts as part of one’s diet helps with antioxidant defense, cardiovascular health, and general well-being. Juglans regia L., with its distinctive flavor and texture combination, is not only a delicious food but also supports sustainable nutrition practices. This review explores the nutritional and pharmacological properties of green walnuts, which can be further used for studies in various food and pharmaceutical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive and Therapeutic Nutraceuticals)
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