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Nutrients
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Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health
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Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 4352

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sergio Garbarino

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Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal/Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
Interests: neurophysiology of sleep; stress-sleep relationship; psychopathology; mental health; suicide
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Egeria Scoditti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
Interests: nutrition; inflammation; oxidative stress; hypertension; antioxidant; polyphenols; mediterranean diet; cardiometabolic diseases; vessel; atherosclerosis; obesity; obstructive respiratory diseases; cell signaling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Nicola Luigi Bragazzi

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Guest Editor
Human Nutrition Unit (HNU), Department of Food and Drugs, Medical School, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
Interests: public health; nutrition; nutritional epidemiology; personalized and precision nutrition; chronic disease; artificial intelligence and machine learning/deep learning in nutrition and medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce our call for papers for a Special Issue of Nutrients on the topic of “Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health”. This Special Issue will explore the intricate connections among sleep, dietary habits, and overall health, highlighting the multifaceted interactions that contribute to wellbeing and disease prevention.

Scope and Topics

We invite researchers, clinicians, and scholars to submit original research articles, reviews, case studies, and commentaries that address, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • The impact of sleep duration and quality on dietary behaviors and nutritional choices;
  • The role of diet in influencing sleep patterns and sleep disorders;
  • Mechanisms linking sleep and diet with metabolic health, cardiovascular health, mental health, and immune function;
  • Interventions targeting sleep and diet to improve health outcomes;
  • Longitudinal studies examining the bidirectional relationships among sleep, diet, and health;
  • The influence of socio-economic, cultural, and environmental factors on sleep and dietary patterns;
  • Sleep and diet in specific populations (e.g., children, adolescents, elderly, and shift workers);
  • The role of the microbiota in mediating the relationship between sleep and diet;
  • Innovative methodologies for studying sleep, diet, and health interactions.

We look forward to your contributions to this Special Issue, which we believe will significantly advance our understanding of how sleep and dietary patterns interact to influence human health.

Dr. Sergio Garbarino
Dr. Egeria Scoditti
Prof. Dr. Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sleep
  • sleep health
  • sleep disorders
  • dietary pattern
  • dietary choices
  • metabolic health
  • human health

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  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1000 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Macronutrient Intake on Sleep Quality in Female Endurance Athletes: A Pilot Observational Cross-Sectional Study
by Natsue Koikawa, Yume Minamino, Yu Kawasaki, Takatoshi Kasai and Yoshio Suzuki
Nutrients 2025, 17(8), 1368; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081368 - 17 Apr 2025
Viewed by 273
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Sleep is essential for athletes. However, the impact of dietary habits on sleep quality in female endurance athletes at risk for low energy availability (LEA) is underexplored. This was a pilot study to examine the correlation between dietary patterns and sleep [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Sleep is essential for athletes. However, the impact of dietary habits on sleep quality in female endurance athletes at risk for low energy availability (LEA) is underexplored. This was a pilot study to examine the correlation between dietary patterns and sleep quality in healthy female endurance athletes. Methods: Twenty-four female endurance athletes recorded their dietary intake and sleeping habits for 6 days. Dietary intake data were collected via meal logs and photos. Sleep parameters were tracked using the Fitbit Charge 3 device. Correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between macronutrient intake and sleep. Results: The athletes’ mean consumption was 2049.3 ± 396.9 kcal/day (52.9% carbohydrates, 28.2% fat, and 17.2% protein). One-third of the athletes had poor sleep quality, and thirty-eight percent experienced high daytime sleepiness. A higher protein intake was correlated with a lower awake time (R = −0.491; p = 0.015), and fat intake was related to a lower duration of deep sleep (R = −0.477; p = 0.019). Deep sleep was negatively correlated with fat intake during dinner (R = −0.417; p = 0.042) and was positively correlated with carbohydrate intake (R = 0.417; p = 0.042). Conclusions: In healthy female endurance athletes without LEA, dietary fat intake, especially at dinner, negatively affects deep sleep. Meanwhile, carbohydrates promote deep sleep. Therefore, optimizing macronutrient balance during evening meals may enhance sleep quality and, consequently, athletic performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health)
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16 pages, 502 KiB  
Article
Specific Nutrients Mediate the Association of Food Insecurity and Sleep Regularity Index (SRI) in U.S. Adults: NHANES 2011–2014
by Samuel Myron Degenhard, Nicole Farmer, Li Yang, Jennifer J. Barb, Katherine A. Maki and Gwenyth R. Wallen
Nutrients 2025, 17(2), 340; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17020340 - 18 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1574
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Food-insecure individuals are at risk for poor health outcomes, including substandard sleep health. A possible association of food insecurity with sleep regularity has not been explored, and factors contributing to the relationship between food insecurity and sleep are not well understood. This [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Food-insecure individuals are at risk for poor health outcomes, including substandard sleep health. A possible association of food insecurity with sleep regularity has not been explored, and factors contributing to the relationship between food insecurity and sleep are not well understood. This cross-sectional study explored the relationship between food insecurity and sleep regularity and identified specific nutrients that mediated the association. Methods: This study used dietary intake, interview, physical examination, actigraphy, and laboratory data from NHANES 2011–2014 to assess the possible correlation between food insecurity and sleep in a sample of U.S. adults (n = 6730). Mediation analysis was conducted to determine specific serum biomarkers and intake of nutrients that indirectly contributed to the relationship. Results: Food insecurity was negatively correlated with sleep regularity. Dietary intake of fiber; vitamins A, B1, B2, C, E, and K; β-carotene; zinc; copper; and potassium and serum concentrations of palmitoleic acid had significant indirect effects on this association. The low/marginal food security group under-consumed vitamin K, and the very low food security group under-consumed vitamin K and zinc. Among food-insecure, income-eligible adults, those who received benefits from food assistance programs consumed significantly less fiber and β-carotene and exhibited significantly higher serum concentrations of palmitoleic acid than non-participants. Conclusions: Food insecurity predicted sleep regularity, and this relationship was mediated by dietary intake and serum concentrations of specific nutrients, underscoring the role of nutrition security when evaluating potential health impacts for adults experiencing food insecurity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health)
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Review

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17 pages, 340 KiB  
Review
The Mediterranean Diet, the DASH Diet, and the MIND Diet in Relation to Sleep Duration and Quality: A Narrative Review
by Dorota Różańska
Nutrients 2024, 16(23), 4191; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234191 - 4 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2065
Abstract
In 2022, healthy sleep was included as part of Life’s Essential 8, which are a cluster of fundamental factors for cardiovascular health. In many studies, sleep duration and/or quality have also been found to be related to human health. The purpose of this [...] Read more.
In 2022, healthy sleep was included as part of Life’s Essential 8, which are a cluster of fundamental factors for cardiovascular health. In many studies, sleep duration and/or quality have also been found to be related to human health. The purpose of this narrative review was to present the relationship between the Mediterranean diet, the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, and the MIND (Mediterranean–DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet and sleep quality and duration in different populations. A literature search was conducted based on the phrases “Mediterranean diet”, “DASH diet”, and “MIND diet” appearing together with “sleep” or “insomnia” in papers’ titles or abstracts. Studies on obstructive sleep apnea or shift work were excluded. The electronic databases were searched via EBSCOhost. Main results: The vast majority of studies showed that there was a beneficial association between the three diets discussed in this review and sleep duration and/or quality; however, most of these results were obtained in cross-sectional analyses. There were only a few studies in which an association between sleep parameters and these diets was not observed. Direction for future studies: Taking into account the significant role of adequate sleep quality in various diseases, even in all-cause mortality, the implementation of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies seems to be necessary to provide further evidence that would allow these associations to be confirmed. In conclusion, the results obtained so far in various populations strongly suggest that healthy dietary patterns abundant in plant foods, are associated with better sleep quality, as well as with a more adequate length of sleep. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sleep and Diet: Exploring Interactive Associations on Human Health)
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