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Maternal Nutrition and Lifestyle: From Conception to Infant Development

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 December 2026 | Viewed by 960

Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
Interests: maternal nutrition; fetal programming; maternal obesity; pregnancy pathologies; pregnancy; placenta; placental mitochondria; DOHaD
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: nutritional, metabolic, and hormonal profiles in pregnancies associated with maternal obesity or placental insufficiency diseases (IUGR); placenta; maternal nutrition; maternal obesity; gestational weight gain; pregnancy hormonal profile

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Guest Editor
Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences “L.Sacco” and Center for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
Interests: maternal biomarkers; pregnant women; placenta; gene expression

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Maternal nutrition and lifestyle represent key determinants of health across the life course, beginning even before conception and extending through pregnancy, lactation, and early infancy. A growing body of evidence highlights how maternal dietary patterns, physical activity, metabolic status, stress levels, and other lifestyle factors can influence fetal development, birth outcomes, and long-term child health. These influences are mediated through complex mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications, hormonal regulation, oxidative stress, and the intrauterine environment, ultimately shaping the developmental origins of health and disease.

Optimal maternal nutrition is essential not only for supporting physiological changes during pregnancy but also for promoting healthy fetal growth and neurodevelopment. At the same time, lifestyle behaviors such as regular physical activity, adequate sleep, and avoidance of harmful exposures (e.g., smoking, alcohol) play a crucial and complementary role. Importantly, these factors are modifiable, offering valuable opportunities for early prevention strategies aimed at improving both maternal and offspring outcomes.

Despite increasing awareness, important gaps remain in understanding how combined lifestyle factors interact and how best to translate current evidence into effective clinical and public health interventions.

In this Special Issue of Nutrients, we welcome original research articles as well as review articles addressing maternal nutrition and lifestyle from preconception to infant development, with the aim of advancing knowledge and informing practice in this evolving field.

Dr. Chiara Mandò
Dr. Gaia Maria Anelli
Dr. Chiara Novielli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pregnancy
  • maternal nutrition and lifestyle
  • obesity
  • preconception care
  • placenta
  • fetal development
  • gestational complications infant health
  • early life programming

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 1220 KB  
Article
Caregiver Feeding Practices and Late-Preschool BMI-for-Age z-Score Trajectories Among WIC-Enrolled Children: A National Longitudinal Study
by Qutaibah Oudat, Sarah E. Messiah, Stephanie Pitts and Alia Ghoneum
Nutrients 2026, 18(14), 2249; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18142249 - 9 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Early childhood is an important period when growth and adiposity patterns emerge and may persist into later childhood. Children enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) face elevated obesity risk. We characterized BMI-for-age z-score (BMIz) trajectories [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Early childhood is an important period when growth and adiposity patterns emerge and may persist into later childhood. Children enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) face elevated obesity risk. We characterized BMI-for-age z-score (BMIz) trajectories from 24 to 60 months and their child-, caregiver-, and household-level correlates. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the WIC Infant and Toddler Feeding Practices Study-2 (ITFPS-2) public-use dataset. We analyzed 5,583 BMIz observations from 2,247 dyads; adjusted models used 4,314 observations from 1,738 children. Linear mixed-effects models tested individual, interpersonal, and household predictors. Restriction and pressure-to-eat were lagged, time-varying exposures. Results: Mean BMIz was elevated at all waves (0.46 to 0.56). Obesity prevalence rose from 15.4% to 18.5%. Unconditionally, BMIz was stable from 24 to 48 months and rose by 60 months. Adjusted models linked higher BMIz to higher birth weight, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, birth complications, maternal overweight or obesity, paternal overweight, prenatal smoking, adolescent maternal age, and lower maternal education. Male sex was associated with lower BMIz. Prior-wave restriction was associated with higher, and pressure to eat with modestly lower, subsequent BMIz. Household indicators showed no independent association. Conclusions: Caregiver and perinatal characteristics and feeding practices were the most consistent modifiable correlates of late-preschool BMIz. These observational, complete-case findings warrant caution. The 48–60-month window may be a promising period to target for WIC-based obesity prevention. Full article
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