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Next-Generation Molecular Diagnostics: Mass Spectrometry-Based Omics Insights into Complex Disease Architectures

A Special Issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049) belonging to the section "Analytical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 660

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Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: mass spectrometry; proteomics; molecular diagnostics; biomarkers; chronic obstructive lung diseases; alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in high-throughput technologies are reshaping our ability to detect, classify, and understand complex diseases at unprecedented resolution. This Special Issue focuses on next‑generation molecular diagnostics driven by different omics approaches, including proteomics, metabolomics, and other integrated analytical strategies based on mass spectrometry and related technologies. By combining diverse molecular layers, different omics profiling offers deeper mechanistic insights into disease onset, progression, heterogeneity, and therapeutic response.

We invite contributions that highlight innovative analytical methods, novel diagnostic biomarkers, cutting‑edge proteomic and metabolomic workflows, and integrative computational models that improve disease prediction and individualized treatment. Studies involving experimental, computational, or translational perspectives are welcome.

This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest advances that bridge molecular science and clinical application, accelerating the development of precise, reliable, and early diagnostic tools for complex diseases.

Prof. Dr. Paolo Iadarola
Dr. Simona Viglio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • proteomics
  • metabolomics
  • mass spectrometry-based
  • molecular diagnostics
  • biomarkers
  • disease heterogeneity
  • systems biology
  • precision medicine
  • integrative analysis
  • complex diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 1201 KB  
Article
Metabolomic Changes in the Rat Eye Lens During the Cataract Onset
by Olga A. Snytnikova, Anton A. Smolentsev, Nataliya G. Kolosova, Anzhella Z. Fursova and Yuri P. Tsentalovich
Molecules 2026, 31(12), 2194; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31122194 - 22 Jun 2026
Viewed by 398
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize metabolomic changes in the eye lens of senescence-accelerated OXYS rats in comparison with control Wistar rats, and to identify biochemical shifts associated with genotype, age, and cataract progression. Cataract severity was clinically graded. Rats’ lenses were analyzed using [...] Read more.
This study aimed to characterize metabolomic changes in the eye lens of senescence-accelerated OXYS rats in comparison with control Wistar rats, and to identify biochemical shifts associated with genotype, age, and cataract progression. Cataract severity was clinically graded. Rats’ lenses were analyzed using quantitative 1H NMR spectroscopy at 3.6 and approximately 4.5 months of age. A total of 43 metabolites were quantified. We found that at 3.6 months of age, OXYS lenses exhibited a significant accumulation of 17 metabolites, primarily amino acids, compared to Wistar rats, suggesting an imbalance between amino acid uptake and crystallin biosynthesis. However, by 4.5 months, OXYS lenses exhibited rapid metabolic changes characterized by significant decreases in amino acid, glucose, and key energy/antioxidant markers, including NAD, adenylate energy charge, and hypotaurine. Clinical cataract grade (Grade 2 vs. 3) had a negligible impact on the overall metabolomic profile. Our results indicate that profound metabolic reorganization, including an initial amino acid excess followed by energy and antioxidant depletion, precedes the morphological manifestation of cataracts in OXYS rats. We suggest that a biochemical “point of no return” occurs early in cataractogenesis, while subsequent increase in lens opacification is a secondary consequence of preexisting metabolic disturbances. Full article
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