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Food Sustainability: Promising By-Products for Valorization—3rd Edition

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 1713

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. National Institute for Agricultural and Veterinary Research (INIAV. I.P.), Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena, Vairão, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal
2. Centro de Investigação de Montanha, LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
Interests: food chemistry; food safety; bio-based ingredients; antioxidants; bioactive compounds; extraction methods; process optimization; food sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, Târgu Mureș, 540139 Mureș, Romania
Interests: phytochemistry; analytical chemistry; biochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
Interests: therapeutic nanomaterials; nano-diagnostics; food biotechnology; environmental biotechnology; infection microbiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Food loss and waste represent pressing global challenges with profound economic, environmental, and social consequences. While prevention is the ideal solution, the valorization and upcycling of agri-food by-products offer innovative and sustainable strategies to mitigate these impacts, transforming materials often regarded as waste into high-value resources. This approach not only contributes significantly to global food security but also fosters the development of a circular and resilient bioeconomy.

Legal frameworks, such as the EU Directive 2008/98/EC, establish clear criteria to distinguish by-products from waste. When these criteria are met—namely, when further use is guaranteed, the material is essential to a production process, and its use is compliant with applicable laws—by-products can unlock new opportunities for innovation across sectors. This paves the way for exploring underutilized biomass, including lignocellulosic feedstocks as well as liquid side streams, and identifying promising industrial applications.

Agri-food by-products from plant, algal, and animal sources are rich in valuable bioactive and functional compounds. Beyond readily extractable constituents such as free polyphenols, pigments, soluble dietary fibers, and oils, there is growing interest in non-extractable components, often bound to the food matrix. Through innovative processes such as fermentation, enzymatic biotransformation, and emerging cell disruption technologies, these complex materials can be broken down to release valuable molecules and generate novel, high-value ingredients. These compounds hold immense potential for application across diverse industries, including food, feed, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, packaging, and bio-based materials.

Building on the success of the previous editions, detailed below, we are pleased to announce the 3rd Edition of this Special Issue, “Food Sustainability: Promising By-Products for Valorization—3rd Edition”.

1st Edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules/special_issues/food_sustainability_by-product.

2nd Edition: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules/special_issues/food_sustainability_II.

This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research and comprehensive reviews that shed light on the untapped potential of agri-food side streams. We invite submissions addressing, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Nutritional and chemical profiles of agri-food by-products and derived bio-based ingredients.
  • Bioactive properties and potential health benefits of bio-based ingredients and molecules from by-products.
  • Presence and mitigation of chemical contaminants and naturally occurring undesirable metabolites.
  • Innovative extraction, biotransformation, and formulation approaches for effective by-product valorization.
  • Integrated cascading biorefinery approaches for integral valorization of agri-food by-products.
  • Exploration of novel applications of bio-based ingredients across diverse industrial sectors.

Dr. José Pinela
Dr. Mihai Babotă
Guest Editors

Dr. Deepak Sharma
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • agri-food by-products
  • extraction and separation methods
  • functional bio-based ingredients
  • analytical chemistry
  • plant toxins
  • secondary metabolites
  • side-stream processing
  • biorefinery approaches

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 460 KB  
Article
Non-Volatile Bioactive Properties of Mushroom Extracts (Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus)
by Agnieszka Nowak, Małgorzata Piotrowska, Karolina Przydacz, Agata Czyżowska, Katarzyna Rajkowska, Katarzyna Dybka-Stępień, Anna Koziróg, Anna Otlewska, Grażyna Budryn and Anna Kołczyk
Molecules 2026, 31(9), 1397; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31091397 - 23 Apr 2026
Abstract
Sustainable food processing and zero-waste management of by-products require the search for natural functional ingredients that can be used in finished food products. Edible mushrooms are a rich source of non-volatile bioactive compounds, but their functionality in complex food matrices remains poorly understood. [...] Read more.
Sustainable food processing and zero-waste management of by-products require the search for natural functional ingredients that can be used in finished food products. Edible mushrooms are a rich source of non-volatile bioactive compounds, but their functionality in complex food matrices remains poorly understood. The aim of the study was to compare the profiles of bioactive non-volatile compounds in Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus extracts obtained by the ultrasonic and combined (shaking + ultrasound) methods and to assess the possibility of using the selected extract in zero-waste broths. The content of DNA, polyphenols, nucleosides and nucleotides, and low-molecular-weight metabolites, as well as the antioxidant activity of the extracts and broths, was assessed. Significant species and technological differences in extraction efficiency were demonstrated, with A. bisporus extracts obtained using the combined method characterized by the highest content of compounds with reducing potential. Adding 2% A. bisporus extract to the broth increased the reduction potential (FRAP) and selectively altered the nucleoside and polyphenol profile, without significantly affecting key umami nucleotides. The results provide preliminary evidence suggesting that mushroom extracts could be considered as functional ingredients in zero-waste products, with the potential to enhance their bioactive properties. Full article
29 pages, 2270 KB  
Article
Selective Enrichment of Antibacterial Peptides from Chicken Hemoglobin Hydrolysates by Electrodialysis with Ultrafiltration Membranes (EDUF)
by Delasa Rahimi, Sergey Mikhaylin and Laurent Bazinet
Molecules 2026, 31(7), 1184; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31071184 - 2 Apr 2026
Viewed by 470
Abstract
Chicken hemoglobin represents a source of bioactive peptides that could replace synthetic additives. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal potential of chicken hemoglobin hydrolysates and the effect of their fractionation by EDUF. Hemoglobin was hydrolyzed with pepsin at pH 3 for 0.5 [...] Read more.
Chicken hemoglobin represents a source of bioactive peptides that could replace synthetic additives. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antifungal potential of chicken hemoglobin hydrolysates and the effect of their fractionation by EDUF. Hemoglobin was hydrolyzed with pepsin at pH 3 for 0.5 h and 6 h, followed by discoloration, and then fractionated by EDUF for 180 min at pH 7. Fractions were characterized using RP-UPLC-MS/MS, and antimicrobial activity was assessed. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was observed only in EDUF fractions (P+180 and P−180), while crude hydrolysates showed no effect. However, MIC values of these EDUF fractions indicated weak inhibition. Antifungal activity was primarily detected in the final feed fractions against Mucor racemosus and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (MIC: 0.04–20.00 mg/mL). Database matching of the fractions identified 22 sequences corresponding to peptides previously reported as bioactive, including ALARL, FDK, LARL, and VVYPW, which have been associated with antioxidant, ACE-inhibitory, antihypertensive, and enzyme-inhibitory properties. Nevertheless, EDUF proved to be an efficient, solvent-free, and low-energy approach for the recovery of peptide fractions from chicken hemoglobin, supporting the potential development of natural bioactive ingredients within a circular bioeconomy. Modifications of EDUF parameters, such as membrane configuration, pH, and voltage, could further enhance peptide selective recovery and the enrichment of functional fractions. Full article
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Review

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33 pages, 2851 KB  
Review
Valorization of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Fruits and By-Products as High-Value Sustainable Products: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactive Composition, Health Benefits, and Industrial Applications
by Ouarda Djaoudene, Raquel Rodríguez-Solana and Anabela Romano
Molecules 2026, 31(7), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31071194 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 826
Abstract
Health-promoting foods are attracting growing interest as complements to pharmacological interventions, particularly when incorporated into bioactive-enriched functional foods. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) plays a key socio-economic role in arid and semi-arid regions, and is widely recognized for its high nutritional [...] Read more.
Health-promoting foods are attracting growing interest as complements to pharmacological interventions, particularly when incorporated into bioactive-enriched functional foods. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) plays a key socio-economic role in arid and semi-arid regions, and is widely recognized for its high nutritional value, functional attributes, and therapeutic potential. Date fruits and their processing by-products, particularly the seeds, are a rich source of essential nutrients, dietary fiber, and diverse phytochemicals with documented antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties. This narrative review summarizes the latest evidence from experimental, preclinical, and emerging clinical studies on the nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, and biofunctional properties of dates and their derivatives, with particular emphasis on seeds as a significant processing by-product. Recent advances in their valorization for food applications, including bakery products, dairy products, beverages, meat products, confectionery, and active packaging, are critically discussed, as are their emerging uses in the pharmaceutical and related industries. Particular attention is given to their potential to improve the nutritional quality, functional performance, sensory attributes, and shelf life of food products. Overall, date fruits and their by-products are cost-effective, natural, and sustainable ingredients for developing value-added functional foods. Their efficient valorization offers promising strategies for reducing waste, implementing circular economy principles, and meeting the increasing consumer demand for healthier products. This review highlights the need for multidisciplinary research and innovation to advance sustainable by-product utilization, improve agro-industrial waste management, and expand the range of high-value applications for date fruits and seeds, thereby contributing to global food security, economic development, and improved public health. Full article
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