Ore Mineralizations and Tectonic Processes in Mafic-Ultramafic Rocks

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Deposits".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 3571

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mineralizations and ore-deposits in mafic–ultramafic complexes (i.e., oceanic lithosphere, subducted oceanic crust, and mantle wedge) are strictly controlled by tectonic processes and linked to brittle and ductile structures.

Fractures and cracks within the rocks represent important pathways for fluid circulation that triggers alteration and metasomatism of the protolites, breakdown of primary minerals, metal mobilization, and subsequent formation of new mineral assemblages within stockwork to sheeted extensional vein networks. Deformation during tectonic and/or metamorphic evolution of mafic–ultramafic complexes can induce re-concentration and thickening of pre-existing mineralizations, resulting in lens-shaped to boudin-like ore bodies locally achieving economic importance.

The minerals and minerogenetic processes associated with the regional and local structural evolution of mafic–ultramafic complexes are of paramount importance not only for the modeling of geologic and geodynamic systems but even for the significant implications for ore-deposit exploration, prospection, and expoitation, also in view of the rising global demand for metals and strategic raw materials.

The goal of this Special Issue is to bring together a diverse group of studies, regarding one or more aspects of ore mineralization genesis and evolution controlled by and/or linked to tectonic processes and subsequent weathering. Contributions from all fields of expertise are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Marescotti Pietro
Prof. Dr. Laura Crispini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Metal mineralization
  • Raw materials
  • Structure and microstructure
  • Oceanic lithosphere
  • Ore deposits
  • Ophiolites
  • Hydrothermal alteration
  • Fluid–rock interaction

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

29 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
The Cyclops Ophiolite as a Source of High-Cr Spinels from Marine Sediments on the Jayapura Regency Coast (New Guinea, Indonesia)
by Karol Zglinicki, Krzysztof Szamałek and Irena Górska
Minerals 2020, 10(9), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/min10090735 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2844
Abstract
The first detailed mineralogy, geochemistry and origin of heavy minerals in marine sediments along the Jayapura Regency coast on the Indonesian part of New Guinea Island are reported as part of a larger set of investigations conducted since 2009. In these sediments, the [...] Read more.
The first detailed mineralogy, geochemistry and origin of heavy minerals in marine sediments along the Jayapura Regency coast on the Indonesian part of New Guinea Island are reported as part of a larger set of investigations conducted since 2009. In these sediments, the following heavy minerals were identified: high-Al and high-Cr spinels, chromian andradite, Mg-olivine, magnetite, mixture of iron (III) oxyhydroxides (limonite) and minerals from serpentine-group minerals (lizardite, antigorite). The heavy mineral fraction of marine sediments contains increased concentrations of metals, including W (up to 257.72 ppm) and Ag (up to 1330.29 ppb) as well as minor amounts of Ni (7.1–3560.9 ppm) and Cr (68.0–5816.0 ppm). The present state of geological knowledge suggests that there are no known prospects for rich Ti, Ni, Co, Cr, Au deposits along the examined part of the Jayapura coast. However, the average content of Ag and W is high enough to provide an impulse for suggested further deposit research. The source of marine sediments is Cyclops ophiolite, which contains a typical ophiolite sequence. Cyclops Mountain rocks have undergone intense chemical weathering processes and the resulting eroded material has been deposited on the narrow continental shelf. The chemical composition of chromian spinels indicates that their source is depleted peridotites from the SSZ (supra-subduction zone) environment of the Cyclops ophiolite. A detailed geochemical examination indicates that the evolution of parental melt of these rocks evolved towards magma with geochemical parameters similar to mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ore Mineralizations and Tectonic Processes in Mafic-Ultramafic Rocks)
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