Microorganisms and Their Incredible Potential to Face Societal Challenges
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Editor
Dr. Mireille Fouillaud
Dr. Mireille Fouillaud
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Collection Editor
CHEMBIOPRO Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, France
Interests: microbiology; biotechnology; specialized metabolites; fermentations; pigments
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Topical Collection Information
Dear Colleagues,
There are billions of microorganisms on Earth, and they have been around for a very long time. Humans rely on microorganisms’ capacities in many aspects of their daily life. Indeed, microbes are well known for their abilities to improve our nutrition through increasing the digestibility of foods or through the production of vitamins. They are also fully involved in depollution processes and in the production of natural medicines as antibiotics or anticancer agents, and they even participate in the esthetic dimension of life with the synthesis of colored molecules. This is mainly due to their incredible capacities of adaptation and biotransformation, which are based on their great genetic potential and diverse biosynthetic pathways. A societal evolution toward a sustainable circular bioeconomy is underway. Thus, we have the duty to enlarge our knowledge on the potentialities of the microbial world and on how microbes can help to address the various urgent problems society is currently facing. Therefore, studies concerning innovative microbial biotechnologies, novel microbial biosynthesis pathways, or the bioproduction of original molecules are of great interest in this Topical Collection.
Dr. Mireille Fouillaud
Collection Editor
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Keywords
- bacteria
- fungi
- microalgae
- virus
- fermentation
- biotransformation
- biotechnologies
- specialized metabolite
- secondary metabolite
- enzyme
- genetic
- metabolomic
Published Papers (2 papers)
Open AccessArticle
Biological Control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Greenhouse Lettuce Using Trichoderma koningiopsis Agg
by
Snježana Topolovec-Pintarić, Ana Maria Kovaček, Olga Malev, Ivana Kušan, Neven Matočec, Ana Pošta, Lucia Pole and Armin Mešić
Viewed by 934
Abstract
The lettuce drop or white mold is an economically important disease as the causal fungus
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can infect the lettuce at any stage of plant development. Polyphagous nature of
S. sclerotiorum, the longevity of soil-borne sclerotia and air-borne ascospores makes the
[...] Read more.
The lettuce drop or white mold is an economically important disease as the causal fungus
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can infect the lettuce at any stage of plant development. Polyphagous nature of
S. sclerotiorum, the longevity of soil-borne sclerotia and air-borne ascospores makes the control difficult. Chemical fungicides are available only for foliar application against infections by ascospores so, the development of bio-control is of great importance. We tested antagonism of native isolate
T. koningiopsis agg. (Hypocreales) (STP8) under laboratory and greenhouse environments. In vitro tests showed excellent STP8 antagonisms to
S. sclerotiorum evidencing hyperparasitic activity on mycelia and sclerotia as well as antibiosis. The sclerotia were completely degraded after two months. In the greenhouse, infection of lettuce with
S. sclerotiorum was reduced by treating the seedlings with an STP8 spore suspension. Uninfected plants treated with STP8 were of the best quality based on morphological parameters, confirming the ability of STP8 to promote lettuce growth. Even the infected lettuce treated with STP8 were healthier and in better condition than the control lettuce, suggesting that STP8 was also enhancing plant defense system.
Full article
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Open AccessArticle
Microbiome of Clothing Items Worn for a Single Day in a Non-Healthcare Setting
by
Kelly Whitehead, Jake Eppinger, Vanita Srinivasan, M. Khalid Ijaz, Raymond W. Nims and Julie McKinney
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4447
Abstract
When worn, clothing acquires a microbiome of bacteria and fungi derived from the wearer’s skin and from the environment. The types of bacteria and fungi that may be recovered from clothing in healthcare settings have been well characterized, but less is known regarding
[...] Read more.
When worn, clothing acquires a microbiome of bacteria and fungi derived from the wearer’s skin and from the environment. The types of bacteria and fungi that may be recovered from clothing in healthcare settings have been well characterized, but less is known regarding the microbiome of clothing worn in non-healthcare settings and the possible roles that such clothing may play in microbial exchange. Culture-based methods and culture-independent genomic sequencing were used to enumerate and identify bacteria and fungi recovered from T-shirts, baby onesies, socks, and underwear worn for a single day after having been purchased new, washed, and dried. The highest bacterial loads were recovered from socks, underwear, and onesies (>10
6 colony-forming units [cfu]/sample) and the highest fungal loads were obtained from socks and underwear (>5 × 10
2 cfu/sample). The sequencing method identified opportunistic pathogens present in the samples, including members of genus
Staphylococcus and
Corynebacterium, as well as anaerobic members of the family
Clostridiales. The opportunistic fungal pathogen
Candida parapsilosis was identified in a high proportion of worn clothing samples. These results suggest that clothing may represent a pathogen reservoir and a vector for microbial exchange between household occupants or the community outside of the home.
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