Innovations and Challenges in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of High-Performance Metals and Alloys

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Additive Manufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 1123

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Science, University West, SE-461 86 Trollhättan, Sweden
Interests: additive manufacturing; welding and weldability testing; materials engineering and materials physics

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering Science, University West, SE-46181 Trollhättan, Sweden
Interests: conducts research in engineering and technology; production technology; welding technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is an advanced manufacturing technique with advantages such as the ability to create complex, near-net-shape components using wire feedstock and a welding arc as the heat source. WAAM has recently been the subject of significant interest due to its high deposition rate, cost-effective material use, and greater efficiency compared to powder-based additive manufacturing (AM) methods, making it particularly appealing for quality-critical industries such as aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering. However, WAAM still faces challenges, including residual stress, distortion, non-isotropic properties from its layer-by-layer deposition method, and difficulties in maintaining consistent quality, process stability, and achieving precise surface finishes.

This Special Issue invites researchers to submit work that addresses these challenges and explores various solutions through advancements in process monitoring, microstructure control, and theoretical modeling. By providing a platform for discussing innovative approaches, this Special Issue aims to foster solutions that enhance WAAM’s scalability, reliability, and cost-effectiveness across high-demand industries. Our key areas of focus include critical advancements and challenges in WAAM for high-performance materials like titanium alloys, nickel-based superalloys, and high-strength steels.

Dr. Ebrahim Harati
Dr. Fabian Hanning
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM)
  • high-performance metals
  • process optimization
  • microstructure
  • residual stress control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 18603 KB  
Article
High-Temperature Mechanical Properties and the Portevin–Le Chatelier Effect for Wire Arc Additively Manufactured Inconel 718 Superalloy
by Run-Hua Song, Xin Zhang, Ya-Jin Yang, Qing-Wen Zhou, Liang Zhang, Hai-Long Qin, Dong-Feng Li and Rong-Pei Shi
Metals 2025, 15(9), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15090949 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 648
Abstract
In this study, high-temperature uniaxial tensile tests were performed on IN718 superalloy samples fabricated using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) and compared to wrought IN718 superalloy samples. The mechanical properties and Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) behavior of WAAM IN718 were analyzed, with particular attention [...] Read more.
In this study, high-temperature uniaxial tensile tests were performed on IN718 superalloy samples fabricated using Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) and compared to wrought IN718 superalloy samples. The mechanical properties and Portevin–Le Chatelier (PLC) behavior of WAAM IN718 were analyzed, with particular attention paid to its anisotropy and differences from its wrought counterpart. WAAM specimens were obtained from three distinct orientations within the printed blocks. The results indicated that WAAM IN718 exhibited a higher yield strength but reduced failure elongation compared to wrought IN718. Among the WAAM samples, the yield strength was highest in the transverse direction, followed by the in-depth direction, and lowest in the growth direction. Post-aging treatment significantly increased the yield strength of WAAM IN718. WAAM IN718 showed a larger critical strain for the onset of serrated flow and smaller stress drop amplitudes compared to wrought IN718 under the PLC effect. Furthermore, as the strain rate decreased, PLC serrations in WAAM specimens from the in-depth direction transitioned from type A to type C. Conversely, specimens from the growth direction maintained type B serrations at a strain rate of 104s1. This study also examined potential factors influencing the differences in PLC behavior and conducted an analysis of the fracture surfaces across various specimens. Full article
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