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Metals
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Laser Processing Technology for Metals
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Laser Processing Technology for Metals

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Additive Manufacturing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 1437

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Zhen Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science & Processing Automation, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
Interests: laser welding and Laser cladding; additive manufacturing; resistance spot welding; welding process monitoring and welding quality control; welding technology and equipment; modeling and simulation of materials processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Innovations in advanced metal material processing methods signify progress in the engineering field. Laser processing of metallic materials is a high-precision, high-quality, and high-efficiency non-contact manufacturing approach. Over the past few decades, laser processing technology has not only driven advancements in cutting-edge manufacturing methods but has also profoundly influenced digitalization, networking, and intelligent manufacturing, emerging as a vital force for industrial transformation.

This Special Issue focuses on articles related to metal laser processing technologies, including, but not limited to, laser additive manufacturing, laser surface engineering, laser drilling and cutting, laser welding, and specialized laser processing.

We believe that the diversity of metallic materials and the versatility of laser processing will inspire boundless possibilities for future technological development. This Special Issue aims to advance the development of state-of-the-art laser processing methods and the exploration of innovative manufacturing techniques.

Prof. Dr. Zhen Luo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser additive manufacturing
  • laser surface engineering
  • specialized laser processing
  • laser welding
  • laser drilling and cutting
  • microstructure and properties
  • laser processing simulation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3830 KiB  
Article
Microstructural Features and Mechanical Properties of Laser–MIG Hybrid Welded–Brazed Ti/Al Butt Joints with Different Filler Wires
by Xin Zhao, Zhibin Yang, Yonghao Huang, Hongjun Zhu and Shaozheng Dong
Metals 2025, 15(6), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15060674 - 17 Jun 2025
Viewed by 348
Abstract
Laser–MIG hybrid welding–brazing was performed to join TC4 titanium alloy and 5083 aluminum alloy with ER5356, ER4043 and ER2319 filler wires. The effects of the different filler wires on the microstructural features and mechanical properties of Ti/Al welded–brazed butt joints were investigated in [...] Read more.
Laser–MIG hybrid welding–brazing was performed to join TC4 titanium alloy and 5083 aluminum alloy with ER5356, ER4043 and ER2319 filler wires. The effects of the different filler wires on the microstructural features and mechanical properties of Ti/Al welded–brazed butt joints were investigated in detail. The wetting and spreading effect of the ER4043 filler wire was the best, especially on the weld’s rear surface. Serrated-shaped and rod-like IMCs were generated at the top region of the interface of the joint with ER4043 filler wire, but rod-like IMCs did not appear at the joints with the other filler wires. Only serrated-shaped IMCs appeared in the middle and bottom regions for the three filler wires. The phase compositions of all the IMCs were inferred as being made up of TiAl3. The average thickness of the IMC layer of joints with the ER5356 and ER2319 filler wires was almost the same and thinner than that of the joint with the ER4043 filler wire. The average thickness was largest in the middle region and smallest in the bottom region for all the joints with the three filler wires. The average microhardness in the weld metal of ER5356, ER4043 and ER2319 filler wires could reach up to 77.7 HV, 91.2 HV and 85.4 HV, respectively. The average tensile strength of joints with the ER5356, ER4043 and ER2319 filler wires was 106 MPa, 238 MPa and 192 MPa, respectively. The tensile samples all fractured at the IMC interface and showed a mixed brittle–ductile fracture feature. These research results could help confirm the appropriate filler wire for the laser–MIG hybrid welding–brazing of Ti/Al dissimilar butt joints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Technology for Metals)
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20 pages, 31391 KiB  
Article
Oxide Behavior During Laser Surface Melting
by Tomio Ohtsuki and Petrus Christiaan Pistorius
Metals 2025, 15(6), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15060627 - 31 May 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 439
Abstract
Parts fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) contain oxide inclusions, which can be detrimental to fatigue resistance. Under typical LPBF conditions, the atmosphere contains enough oxygen to oxidize reactive elements such as aluminum and titanium, forming oxides in the parts. In this [...] Read more.
Parts fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) contain oxide inclusions, which can be detrimental to fatigue resistance. Under typical LPBF conditions, the atmosphere contains enough oxygen to oxidize reactive elements such as aluminum and titanium, forming oxides in the parts. In this work, mechanisms of oxide formation and oxide alteration were studied by laser-remelting the surfaces of bulk specimens of IN718 and AlSi10Mg, without the addition of metal powder. Calculations based on the mass transfer of oxygen to the melt pool surface indicated that direct oxidation of the melt pool did not play a major role. Rather, both the oxidation of hot spatter and reworking of the pre-existing oxide affected the concentration and morphology of oxides on the metal surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Technology for Metals)
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21 pages, 3118 KiB  
Article
Path Planning for Rapid DEDAM Processing Subject to Interpass Temperature Constraints
by Glenn W. Hatala, Edward W. Reutzel and Qian Wang
Metals 2025, 15(6), 570; https://doi.org/10.3390/met15060570 - 22 May 2025
Viewed by 440
Abstract
Directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of components at a high deposition rate. For certain alloys, interpass temperature requirements are imposed to control heat accumulation and microstructure transformation, as well as to minimize distortion under varying thermal conditions. A [...] Read more.
Directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of components at a high deposition rate. For certain alloys, interpass temperature requirements are imposed to control heat accumulation and microstructure transformation, as well as to minimize distortion under varying thermal conditions. A typical strategy to comply with interpass temperature constraints is to increase the interpass dwell time, which can lead to an increase in the total deposition time. This study aims to develop an optimized tool path that ensures interpass temperature compliance and reduces overall deposition time relative to the conventional sequential deposition path during the DED process. To evaluate this, a compact analytic thermal model is used to predict the thermal history during laser-based directed energy deposition (DED-LB/M) hot wire (lateral feeding) of ER100S-G, a welding wire equivalent to high yield steel. A greedy algorithm, integrated with the thermal model, identifies a tool path order that ensures compliance with the interpass requirement of the material while minimizing interpass dwell time and, thus, the total deposition time. The proposed path planning algorithm is validated experimentally with in situ temperature measurements comparing parts fabricated with the baseline (sequential) deposition path to the modified path (resulting from the greedy algorithm). The experimental results of this study demonstrate that the proposed path planning algorithm can reduce the deposition time by 9.2% for parts of dimensions 66 mm × 73 mm × 16.5 mm, comprising 15 layers and a total of 300 beads. Predictions based on the proposed path planning algorithm indicate that additional reductions in deposition time can be achieved for larger parts. Specifically, increasing the (experimentally validated) part dimension perpendicular to the deposition direction by five-times is expected to result in a 40% reduction in deposition time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Technology for Metals)
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