Agglomerates in Low-Carbon Metallurgy

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 344

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Technical Support Center for Prevention and Control of Disastrous Accidents in Metal Smelting, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: metallurgy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
Interests: iron ore sintering; pelletizing; blast furnace ironmaking; hydrometallurgy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the field of low-carbon metallurgy, the rational utilization of various agglomerates—such as sinter, pellets, briquettes, and ferro-coke—is crucial for reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. For instance, replacing energy-intensive sintering with the pelletizing process can significantly lower carbon footprints. Optimizing the blast furnace’s burden structure by increasing the proportion of high-grade pellets improves reduction efficiency and reduces coke consumption. Additionally, the use of carbon-containing briquettes made from recycling metallurgical dust, or partly replacing pellets by iron ore cold-briquettes in the blast furnace, helps to minimize energy waste and utilize secondary resources. Ferro-coke, as a functional burden material, integrates iron and carbon sources, potentially lowering emissions in the blast furnace.

This Special Issue will focus on the strategic preparation and application of the above agglomerates under the support of process innovation and circular economy principles, aiming to reduce carbon emissions from the source by optimizing raw materials and achieve low-carbon metallurgy.

Dr. Rongrong Wang
Prof. Dr. Zhengjian Liu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sinter
  • pellets
  • cold-bonded pellets
  • cold briquettes
  • ferro-coke
  • low-carbon metallurgy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 3540 KB  
Article
Isothermal Reduction of Wustite Under Hydrogen Atmosphere at 1673 K–1773 K
by Fulong Li, Jianliang Zhang, Yang Li, Tengfei Wang, Ben Feng, Yaozu Wang, Chunmei Yu and Zhengjian Liu
Metals 2026, 16(5), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/met16050550 - 19 May 2026
Viewed by 176
Abstract
The use of hydrogen for smelting reduction ironmaking can effectively reduce the consumption of coke, as well as the CO2 emission. However, the dynamic mechanism of this process is not clear. In this paper, isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study [...] Read more.
The use of hydrogen for smelting reduction ironmaking can effectively reduce the consumption of coke, as well as the CO2 emission. However, the dynamic mechanism of this process is not clear. In this paper, isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study the reduction process of wustite by hydrogen at 1673–1773 K. Results show that wustite can be entirely reduced, and with the increase in temperature, the reduction reaction becomes more intense, and the time required for the entire reduction decreases. The hydrogen reduction of wustite at 1673–1773 K fits the Mampel power model: f(α) = 2α1/2. When the reactants are molten and the products are solid, the apparent activation energy of the reduction process calculated by the iso-conversional method is 9.15 kJ·mol−1. Molecular dynamics simulation results show that the adsorption of hydrogen molecule on FeO surface is spontaneous. With the increase in temperature, FeO substrate becomes more active, and hydrogen molecules move more violently. The average distance between a certain hydrogen atom and its neighboring atom was analyzed statistically. The increase in temperature will increase the average bond length of hydrogen molecules, reduce their bond energy, and facilitate the adsorption of hydrogen molecules on the FeO surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Agglomerates in Low-Carbon Metallurgy)
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