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Medicina
Special Issues
Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Urology & Nephrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1308

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Juan Gómez Rivas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Interests: urological oncology; laparoscopy and robotics; kidney transplant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jesús Moreno-Sierra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Health Research Institute of Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: urological oncology; robotics; functional urology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urologic oncology encompasses the study, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers affecting the urinary system and male reproductive organs, including prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers. These malignancies represent a significant portion of global cancer incidence, with prostate cancer being the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The evolution of urologic oncology has seen significant advancements in both diagnostic tools, such as imaging and biomarkers, and treatment modalities, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and, more recently, immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Over the past few decades, research has moved from focusing solely on survival to also considering quality of life, leading to the development of less invasive treatments and personalized medicine approaches. This Special Issue will present a comprehensive collection of the latest research and reviews on the diagnosis and treatment of urologic oncology. It will cover a broad spectrum of advancements in this field, from early detection and screening strategies to novel therapeutic approaches and multidisciplinary management of advanced and metastatic urologic cancers. This Special Issue’s scope includes, but is not limited to, cutting-edge diagnostic technologies, innovative surgical techniques, targeted therapies, the role of precision medicine, and the impacts of these advancements on patient outcomes. We are soliciting a wide range of papers that contribute to our understanding and the advancement of urologic oncology. These include, but are not limited to, original research articles, review articles, and technical notes with descriptions of new surgical techniques or innovations in diagnostic technologies.

This Special Issue will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of urologic cancers, as well as for policymakers and educators in the field of urological oncology.

Dr. Juan Gómez Rivas
Dr. Jesús Moreno-Sierra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bladder cancer
  • kidney cancer
  • personalized medicine
  • prostate cancer
  • robotic surgery
  • targeted therapy
  • testicular cancer

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 5441 KiB  
Article
Proteomic and In Silico Analyses Highlight Complement System’s Role in Bladder Cancer Immune Regulation
by Tuğcan Korak, İbrahim Halil Baloğlu, Murat Kasap, Elif Damla Arisan, Gurler Akpinar and Serdar Arisan
Medicina 2025, 61(4), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040735 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 462
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Bladder cancer (BLCA), intimately associated with the immune system, represents a substantial global health burden due to its high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic effectiveness. Although immunotherapy shows promise, challenges persist due to the lack of reliable therapeutic targets. [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Bladder cancer (BLCA), intimately associated with the immune system, represents a substantial global health burden due to its high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic effectiveness. Although immunotherapy shows promise, challenges persist due to the lack of reliable therapeutic targets. This study aims to investigate potential immune-related biomarkers that could influence the tumor microenvironment in BLCA, using proteomic and in silico approaches. Materials and Methods: Tissue samples from BLCA patients (n = 27) and controls (n = 27) were collected from Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital. Proteomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS to reveal the identities of differentially regulated proteins. Protein network analysis and hub protein detection were performed using Cytoscape (v.3.10.3), while functional annotation was carried out using EnrichR. The immunological analysis of hub proteins was performed in Sangerbox platform, and prognostic associations were evaluated through the Kaplan–Meier Plotter tool. Results: LC-MS/MS analysis identified 120 differentially regulated immune-related proteins. STRING analysis, using an immune response dataset (GO:0006955), highlighted the complement cascade as a significantly enriched pathway (p < 0.05). Proteins, namely C4A, CFB, C4B, C8B, CFH, CFI, C5, C4BPA, C3, and C2, that are known to play key roles in the complement system were identified. Immunological analysis with these proteins revealed the phenomena of immune infiltration and immune checkpoint gene associations (p < 0.05). Four hub genes—CFB, C4B, CFI, and C2—demonstrated a significant prognostic value for BLCA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the pivotal role of the complement system in the immune regulation of BLCA. CFI, C4A, and C4B emerged as potential target proteins for BLCA treatment, particularly in immunotherapy, for enhancing survival. Future research on these proteins and the complement system specifically focusing on BLCA may facilitate the development of targeted immunotherapies, ultimately improving treatment outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology)
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Review

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12 pages, 280 KiB  
Review
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography (PSMA-PET) in Initial Staging of Prostate Cancer Patients: The Beginning of a New Era
by Juan Gómez Rivas, Irene de la Parra, Sarelis Infante, Laura Ibañez, Beatriz Gutierrez Hidalgo, María Nieves Cabrera, Javier Puente, Noelia Sanmamed, Luis Enrique Ortega Polledo, María Isabel Galante and Jesús Moreno Sierra
Medicina 2025, 61(5), 924; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050924 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 132
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common disease, with a significant number of patients initially diagnosed with locoregional or distant metastases. This is why it is essential to have imaging tests with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Given the recognized limitations of [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common disease, with a significant number of patients initially diagnosed with locoregional or distant metastases. This is why it is essential to have imaging tests with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. Given the recognized limitations of traditional imaging methods, PSMA-PET has emerged as a promising tool that may revolutionize the management of PCa. Material and Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature review from August to October 2023 using databases and a review of key clinical guidelines on the topic, focusing on the sensitivity and specificity of PSMA-PET, its use in detecting lymph node metastases (LNm), its integration into nomograms, its comparison with conventional imaging and current guideline recommendations. Results: After considering the search strategy, as well as the inclusion and exclusion criteria, four articles and five guidelines were particularly considered in this review. Most of them suggest high specificity and limited sensitivity for 68Ga-PSMA-PET, with increased detection rates compared to conventional imaging modalities, especially in high-risk PCa patients. However, it cannot replace an extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) at this time. Conclusions: Although the enhanced sensitivity and specificity of PSMA-PET relative to conventional imaging modalities offers a more precise evaluation of disease extent, prospective studies demonstrating a survival benefit are currently lacking; therefore, caution is advised when making therapeutic decisions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology)
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