Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Urology & Nephrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1038

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Health Research Institute of Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: urological oncology; robotics; functional urology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Urologic oncology encompasses the study, diagnosis, and treatment of cancers affecting the urinary system and male reproductive organs, including prostate, bladder, kidney, and testicular cancers. These malignancies represent a significant portion of global cancer incidence, with prostate cancer being the second most common cancer in men worldwide. The evolution of urologic oncology has seen significant advancements in both diagnostic tools, such as imaging and biomarkers, and treatment modalities, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and, more recently, immunotherapy and targeted therapies. Over the past few decades, research has moved from focusing solely on survival to also considering quality of life, leading to the development of less invasive treatments and personalized medicine approaches. This Special Issue will present a comprehensive collection of the latest research and reviews on the diagnosis and treatment of urologic oncology. It will cover a broad spectrum of advancements in this field, from early detection and screening strategies to novel therapeutic approaches and multidisciplinary management of advanced and metastatic urologic cancers. This Special Issue’s scope includes, but is not limited to, cutting-edge diagnostic technologies, innovative surgical techniques, targeted therapies, the role of precision medicine, and the impacts of these advancements on patient outcomes. We are soliciting a wide range of papers that contribute to our understanding and the advancement of urologic oncology. These include, but are not limited to, original research articles, review articles, and technical notes with descriptions of new surgical techniques or innovations in diagnostic technologies.

This Special Issue will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of urologic cancers, as well as for policymakers and educators in the field of urological oncology.

Dr. Juan Gómez Rivas
Dr. Jesús Moreno-Sierra
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bladder cancer
  • kidney cancer
  • personalized medicine
  • prostate cancer
  • robotic surgery
  • targeted therapy
  • testicular cancer

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 5441 KiB  
Article
Proteomic and In Silico Analyses Highlight Complement System’s Role in Bladder Cancer Immune Regulation
by Tuğcan Korak, İbrahim Halil Baloğlu, Murat Kasap, Elif Damla Arisan, Gurler Akpinar and Serdar Arisan
Medicina 2025, 61(4), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040735 - 16 Apr 2025
Viewed by 351
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Bladder cancer (BLCA), intimately associated with the immune system, represents a substantial global health burden due to its high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic effectiveness. Although immunotherapy shows promise, challenges persist due to the lack of reliable therapeutic targets. [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Bladder cancer (BLCA), intimately associated with the immune system, represents a substantial global health burden due to its high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic effectiveness. Although immunotherapy shows promise, challenges persist due to the lack of reliable therapeutic targets. This study aims to investigate potential immune-related biomarkers that could influence the tumor microenvironment in BLCA, using proteomic and in silico approaches. Materials and Methods: Tissue samples from BLCA patients (n = 27) and controls (n = 27) were collected from Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital. Proteomic analysis was performed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS to reveal the identities of differentially regulated proteins. Protein network analysis and hub protein detection were performed using Cytoscape (v.3.10.3), while functional annotation was carried out using EnrichR. The immunological analysis of hub proteins was performed in Sangerbox platform, and prognostic associations were evaluated through the Kaplan–Meier Plotter tool. Results: LC-MS/MS analysis identified 120 differentially regulated immune-related proteins. STRING analysis, using an immune response dataset (GO:0006955), highlighted the complement cascade as a significantly enriched pathway (p < 0.05). Proteins, namely C4A, CFB, C4B, C8B, CFH, CFI, C5, C4BPA, C3, and C2, that are known to play key roles in the complement system were identified. Immunological analysis with these proteins revealed the phenomena of immune infiltration and immune checkpoint gene associations (p < 0.05). Four hub genes—CFB, C4B, CFI, and C2—demonstrated a significant prognostic value for BLCA (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study highlights the pivotal role of the complement system in the immune regulation of BLCA. CFI, C4A, and C4B emerged as potential target proteins for BLCA treatment, particularly in immunotherapy, for enhancing survival. Future research on these proteins and the complement system specifically focusing on BLCA may facilitate the development of targeted immunotherapies, ultimately improving treatment outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Urologic Oncology)
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