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Life
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Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer
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Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 February 2026 | Viewed by 837

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Juan Gómez Rivas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hospital Clínico San Carlos de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Interests: urological oncology; laparoscopy and robotics; kidney transplant
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jesús Moreno Sierra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Health Research Institute of Clínico San Carlos Hospital, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: urological oncology; robotics; functional urology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide. The understanding and management of prostate cancer have evolved significantly over the past few decades. Early detection through PSA (prostate-specific antigen) testing has transformed the landscape of prostate cancer diagnosis, allowing for earlier and more effective intervention. However, challenges remain in differentiating between indolent and aggressive forms of the disease, leading to a need for more precise diagnostic tools and treatment strategies. Treatment approaches have diversified, ranging from active surveillance for low-risk cases to advanced therapies such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and robotic-assisted surgery for high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer. The focus on prognosis has also intensified, with ongoing research into biomarkers and genetic profiling aiming to predict disease progression more accurately and tailor treatment to individual patients.

The aim of this Special Issue is to compile the latest research and expert reviews on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of prostate cancer. This issue will cover a wide range of topics, from advancements in early detection and imaging techniques to novel treatment modalities and prognostic tools that enhance the ability to predict outcomes. The scope includes developments in understanding the molecular underpinnings of prostate cancer as well as innovative approaches to managing and treating different stages of the disease, from localized to advanced metastatic prostate cancer.

This Special Issue is intended to serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals involved in the care of prostate cancer patients. It will also be of interest to policymakers and educators seeking to stay informed on the latest developments in this rapidly evolving field.

Dr. Juan Gómez Rivas
Dr. Jesús Moreno Sierra
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • active surveillance
  • hormonal treatment
  • personalized medicine
  • prostate cancer
  • robotic surgery
  • targeted therapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

12 pages, 1113 KB  
Review
Beyond PSA: The Future of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Using Artificial Intelligence, Novel Biomarkers, and Advanced Imagery
by Moncef Al Barajraji, Mathieu Coscarella, Ilyas Svistakov, Helena Flôres Soares da Silva, Paula Mata Déniz, María Jesús Marugan, Claudia González-Santander, Lorena Fernández Montarroso, Isabel Galante, Juan Gómez Rivas and Jesús Moreno Sierra
Life 2025, 15(10), 1508; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15101508 - 25 Sep 2025
Viewed by 449
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis has historically relied on the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Although the screening significantly reduces mortality rates, PSA has low specificity with risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. These limitations highlight the need for a more accurate diagnostic approach. Emerging technologies, [...] Read more.
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis has historically relied on the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing. Although the screening significantly reduces mortality rates, PSA has low specificity with risks of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. These limitations highlight the need for a more accurate diagnostic approach. Emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), novel biomarkers, and advanced imaging techniques, offer promising avenues to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of PCa diagnosis and risk stratification. This narrative review comprehensively analyzed the current literature, focusing on new tools aiding PCa diagnosis (AI-driven image interpretation, radiomics, genomic classifiers, biomarkers, and multimodal data integration) with consideration for technical, regulatory, and ethical challenges related to clinical implementation of AI-based technologies. A literature search was performed using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles published in English using the search terms “prostate cancer,” “artificial intelligence,” “machine learning,” “deep learning,” “MRI,” “histopathology,” and “diagnosis.” Articles were selected based on their relevance to AI-assisted diagnostic tools, clinical utility, and performance metrics. In addition, a separate section was developed initially to contextualize the limitations of current PSA-based screening approaches. The reviewed studies showed that AI had significant utility in prostate mpMRI interpretation (lesion detection; Gleason grading) with high accuracy and high reproducibility. For the pathologist, AI-driven algorithms improve the diagnostic accuracy of digital slide evaluation for histologic diagnosis of prostate cancer and automated Gleason score grading. Genomic tools such as the Oncotype DX test, combined with AI, could also allow for tailored and individualized risk prediction. Overall, multimodal models integrating clinical, imaging, and molecular data often outperform traditional PSA-based strategies and reduce unnecessary biopsies. Transition from PSA-centered toward AI-driven, biomarker-supported, and image-enhanced diagnosis marks a critical evolution in PCa diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer)
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