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Special Issue "Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials"

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2023 | Viewed by 4204

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Special Issue Editor

Dr. Zbigniew Marciniak

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Guest Editor

Politechnika Opolska, Opole, Poland
Interests: fatigue of materials; fracture of materials; metal composites; mechanical properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Curiosity is the feature of humankind that pushes us to new unknown places; it causes a desire to learn unknown things. To meet these requirements and be able to break the limits, engineers and scientists design devices and machines to facilitate the conducting of research. Knowledge of materials, in particular fatigue and fracture mechanism, is necessary, and can be obtained from experiments. One of the main goals of materials research is to understand the nature of the behavior of materials subjected to various types of loads.

Understanding the phenomena of failure allows scientists to improve mechanical properties using new manufacturing technologies, or by inventing new materials that meet the desired requirements. One of the broadest class of structural materials is the metallic materials group. These materials are of great interest to science, especially because of their applications, and permanently expands the spectrum of scientific research into the processes of fatigue failure mechanisms.

The Special Issue is devoted to the development of experimental and theoretical methods of evaluation and description behavior of metallic materials subjected to fatigue loads, including but not limited to, the following topics:

- Uniaxial and multiaxial fatigue

- Damage mechanics

- Fatigue crack growth

- Mixed-mode fracture

- Fatigue life assessment

- Failure analysis

- Metal composites

It is a pleasure to invite you to submit your research article to the Special Issue.

Dr. Zbigniew Marciniak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2300 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Fatigue of metals
Multiaxial fatigue
Fatigue crack growth
Mixed-mode fracture
Fatigue crack growth
Crack paths
Fatigue life assessment
Failure analysis
Damage mechanics
Metal composites

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) Solutions and Fatigue Crack Paths in Eccentric Circumferentially Cracked Round Bar (CCRB) in Tension

Jesús Toribio

Juan-Carlos Matos

and

Beatriz González

Materials 2023, 16(4), 1728; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16041728 - 20 Feb 2023

Viewed by 428

Abstract

In this paper, a numerical modeling was developed to study (on the basis of the Paris law) the fatigue propagation paths of eccentric external (outer) cracks in circumferentially cracked round bars (CCRB) subjected to a cyclic type of loading in the form of either remote tensile loading or imposed axial displacement. Results show how the eccentricity (in relation to the wire axis) of the circular resistant ligament increases with the growth of outer circumferential cracks by subcritical fatigue mechanisms. This phenomenon is more pronounced when the solicitation consists of a remote tensile loading than when it is an axial displacement, when the initial eccentricity of the ligament increases (for a given initial diameter), and when the Paris exponent characteristic of the material rises. The paper also analyzes in depth the different situations regarding contact between crack faces during subcritical cyclic fatigue propagation, covering a wide range of cases including no contact, partial contact, and full contact depending on the ligament diameter (during the process of fatigue crack advance) and the relative eccentricity of the annular crack that loses its axial symmetry in relation to the round bar (cylinder) axis. In addition to the fatigue crack path study, closed-form stress intensity factor (SIF) solutions for the considered geometry (a cylinder with an outer annular crack) are provided in the form of third-degree polynomial expressions as a function of the ligament diameter and the crack eccentricity (both in dimensionless terms). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

A Novel Ultrasonic Fatigue Test and Application in Bending Fatigue of TC4 Titanium Alloy

and

Materials 2023, 16(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010005 - 20 Dec 2022

Viewed by 561

Abstract

The very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) problems of thin-plate structures are usually caused by high-frequency vibrations. This paper proposes an accelerated fatigue test method based on ultrasonic loading technology in order to develop a feasible bending testing method and explore the bending fatigue characteristics of thin-plate structures in the VHCF regime. A new bending fatigue specimen with an intrinsic frequency of 20 kHz was designed based on cantilever bending through finite element simulation. It was verified by the axial load test with R = −1. The results showed that the method could effectively transfer the dangerous cross-section at the first-order cantilever bending restraint to the internal part of the specimen, thereby making the fracture location independent of the complex stresses. The linear relationship between the vibration amplitude and the maximum stress was also verified using strain measurements. Furthermore, the S-N curves and fracture morphology for different loading types were consistent with conventional studies to a certain extent, which indicated that the design of the bending test model was reasonable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Aerodynamic Loads on the Resonant Frequency of a Compressor Blade Made of EI-961 Alloy

and

Materials 2022, 15(23), 8391; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15238391 - 25 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 509

Abstract

The aim of this work was to numerically determine the influence of aerodynamic loads on the value of the resonant frequency of the compressor blade. The object of the research was the 1st stage compressor blade of the PZL-10W engine. As part of the research, analytical calculations of the resonance frequency were performed and compared with the literature ones (first, second, and third forms of forced vibrations). In the next step of the investigation, a computational model of the compressor stage (fluid domain and rotors) was built and FSI analysis was performed. This analysis was based on CFD modeling of the state of aerodynamic loads on the blade surfaces, and then these values were imported as external loads for the structural analysis, which was the basis for the modal analysis, in which the resonant frequency of the first three vibration modes was determined. As part of the analyzes, both the influence of aerodynamic loads and the rotational speed of the compressor rotor were verified. Thus, it was possible to evaluate the influence of both the rotational speed (and the arising centrifugal force) and the influence of the emerging aerodynamic load. The results obtained will allow for the assessment of the impact of the aforementioned operating conditions of the aircraft engine on the resonance frequency, which in turn may translate into the durability of critical components of the aircraft engine. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Study on the Fatigue Crack Initiation and Growth Behavior in Bismuth- and Lead-Based Free-Cutting Brasses

and

Materials 2022, 15(21), 7488; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15217488 - 25 Oct 2022

Viewed by 507

Abstract

Several studies have been conducted on the fatigue behavior of copper and 7-3, and 6-4 brasses. However, there have been fewer studies on the fatigue behavior and fatigue crack growth (FCG) properties of free-cutting brass, primarily because emphasis has been placed on the development of lead-free free-cutting brass. In this study, fatigue experiments were performed in the atmosphere at room temperature using three types of free-cutting, two types of bismuth (Bi)-based (with different grain sizes), and lead (Pb)-based brasses. It was found that lead-free Bi-based free-cutting brass had approximately the same fatigue performance as that of Pb-based free-cutting brass. It was also clarified that the addition of Bi or Pb initiated fatigue cracks, and that the crack growth period occupied most of the fatigue life. Differences in the FCG behavior of the three free-cutting brasses were observed in the low ΔK range. The modified linear fracture mechanics parameter M was used to quantitatively analyze the fatigue life and FCG behavior (short surface cracks). A comparison between the calculated and experimental results showed that M was useful. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

Characterization of Fatigue Crack Growth Based on Acoustic Emission Multi-Parameter Analysis

and

Materials 2022, 15(19), 6665; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15196665 - 26 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 578

Abstract

In engineering structures that are subject to cyclic loading, monitoring and assessing fatigue crack growth (FCG) plays a crucial role in ensuring reliability. In this study, the acoustic emission (AE) technique was used to monitor the FCG behavior of 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel in real-time. Specifically, an AE multi-parameter analysis was conducted to qualitatively assess the crack growth condition and quantitatively correlate the crack growth rate with AE. Various AE parameters were extracted from AE signals, and the performances of different AE parameters were analyzed and discussed. The results demonstrated that four stages of FCG, which correspond to macrocrack initiation, stable crack growth with low crack growth rate, stable crack growth with high crack growth rate, and unstable crack growth, are distinctly identified by several AE time domain parameters. The sudden and continuous occurrence of many AE signals with high count (>100) and high energy (>40 mV·ms) can provide early and effective warning signs for accelerated crack growth before final failure occurs. Moreover, linear correlations between crack growth rate and different AE parameters are established for quantifying crack growth. Based on the AE multi-parameter analysis, it was found that the count, energy, and kurtosis are superior AE parameters for both qualitatively and quantitatively characterizing the FCG in 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel. Results from this research provide an AE strategy based on multi-parameter analysis for effective monitoring and assessment of FCG in engineering materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Analysis of the Fatigue Resistance of Four Single File Canal Preparation Instruments

Mohammad I. Al-Obaida

Abdulmohsen A. Alzuwayer

Saqer S. Alanazi

and

Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad

Materials 2022, 15(2), 688; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15020688 - 17 Jan 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 983

Abstract

Instrument separation during root canal therapy is inevitable in endodontics with several unfavorable clinical consequences. Therefore, examining the cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of commonly used rotary endodontic files is crucial. This study aimed to determine the cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of four nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary files used as a single canal preparation technique: WaveOne, Reciproc, Protaper F2, and Unicone medium instruments. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, each file was rotated freely within a 1.3 mm deep and 1.3 mm wide V-shaped groove in a stainless-steel block with a 40° and 5 mm radius of curvature. Cyclic fatigue resistance was compared between the NiTi files by verifying the time needed to crack. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Scheffé post hoc with a significant level set at p < 0.05. Our results demonstrated that the WaveOne instrument had the highest cyclic flexural fatigue resistance among the tested groups (p ≤ 0.05), while Unicone had the lowest cyclic flexural fatigue resistance. This study concluded that WaveOne size 25/0.08 could illustrate a superior cyclic flexural fatigue resistance when instrumenting root canals with the lowest possibility to cause instrument separation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanics, Fatigue and Fracture of Metallic Materials)

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