Fluid Mechanics and Energy Conversion

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Turbomachinery".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2023) | Viewed by 1344

Special Issue Editors

Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University, Michigan, MI, USA
Interests: thermal fluid science; electrokinetics; experimental fluid mechanics; energy conversion; desalination; microfluidics and micro/nano fabrication
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
Interests: heat transfer; energy; phonons; neutron and X-ray scattering; soft matter

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Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, MA, USA
Interests: experimental fluid dynamics; super-hydrophobic surface; collective behavior

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fluid mechanics has wide applications in myriad science and engineering areas, including nuclear engineering, biosystems, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, environmental engineering, etc. In particular, fluid mechanics play important roles in numerous energy conversion processes, such as self-powered swimmers, underwater robotics and actuators, electrokinetic energy conversion, solar desalination, nuclear fusion, wind turbines, combustion, propulsion systems, wave energy generators and hydropower. High energy conversion efficiency is a key parameter for improving the performance of these engineering applications. To enhance energy conversion efficiency, it is crucial to understand and investigate the challenges with fluid mechanics involved in these energy conversion processes. Moreover, various novel liquid energy harvesting technologies, such as droplet electricity generator and moisture electricity generator, have recently emerged, generating significant research interest from the scientific community. The significance of fluid-mechanics-related energy conversion and the rapid development of inspired technologies form the foundation of this Special Issue, which aims to provide a collection of the latest research on broad fluid-related energy conversion processes and engineering applications.

Dr. Bei Fan
Dr. Hao Ma
Dr. Hangjian Ling
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 11740 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Hydraulic Losses in Vortex Rope Inside the Draft Tube of Francis Pump-Turbine Based on Entropy Production Theory
by Haobo Wang, Daqing Zhou, Junxun Guo and Lianchen Xu
Machines 2023, 11(10), 965; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11100965 - 16 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1011
Abstract
The existence of vortex ropes inside the draft tube significantly impacts hydraulic efficiency and operational stability, and few studies on the formation mechanism of vortex ropes and hydraulic loss problems have been explored. Hence, in this paper, we build an inherent correlation between [...] Read more.
The existence of vortex ropes inside the draft tube significantly impacts hydraulic efficiency and operational stability, and few studies on the formation mechanism of vortex ropes and hydraulic loss problems have been explored. Hence, in this paper, we build an inherent correlation between the local entropy production rate (LEPR) in the draft tube and the dynamics of vortex motion, by incorporating the vortex identification method Ω~R with entropy production theory, using the OpenFOAM-v2212 software. From the analysis of the entropy production theory, the entropy production rate caused by turbulence dissipation (EPTD) is responsible for the majority of energy loss in the form of entropy production rate, accounting for about 87% of the total entropy production rate (TEPR) in different load operations. Comparatively, the entropy production rate caused by wall shear stress (EPWS) can account for up to 12%, while the entropy production rate due to direct dissipation (EPDD) plays a minor role in TEPR. The rotating vortex rope movement of the unit at part load conditions leads to more intense LEPR. Therefore, to determine the hydraulic loss caused by the vortex rope, the TEPR at the cross-section can be used to assess the hydraulic characteristics of the draft tube. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Mechanics and Energy Conversion)
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