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Machines
Volume 13
Issue 11
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Machines, Volume 13, Issue 11 (November 2025) – 2 articles

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16 pages, 2360 KB  
Article
The Diagnosis and Recovery of Faults in the Workshop Environmental Control System Sensor Network Based on Medium-to-Long-Term Predictions
by Shaohan Xiao, Fangping Ye, Xinyuan Zhang, Mengying Tan and Canwen Zhang
Machines 2025, 13(11), 975; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13110975 (registering DOI) - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
For the fault issues in the workshop environmental control system sensor network, a fault diagnosis and recovery method based on medium-to-long-term predictions is proposed. Firstly, a temperature observer based on the Informer model is established. Then, the predicted data temporarily replaces the missing [...] Read more.
For the fault issues in the workshop environmental control system sensor network, a fault diagnosis and recovery method based on medium-to-long-term predictions is proposed. Firstly, a temperature observer based on the Informer model is established. Then, the predicted data temporarily replaces the missing real data, and the model predicts the state of the sensor system within the step size. Secondly, the predicted data is combined with the measured temperature series, and residuals are utilized for real-time detection of sensor faults. Finally, the predicted data at the time of the fault replaces the real data, enabling the recovery of fault data; experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that when the prediction horizon is 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50, the average fault diagnosis rates under four fault levels are 94.40%, 95.28%, 94.79%, 92.52%, and 93.35%, respectively. The average coefficients of determination for data recovery are 0.999, 0.997, 0.995, 0.985, and 0.915, respectively. This achieves medium-to-long-term predictions in the field of sensor fault diagnosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Machines Testing and Maintenance)
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24 pages, 27351 KB  
Article
High-Efficiency Milling of Inconel 718 Superalloy: Effects of Cutting Conditions on Tool Life and Surface Roughness
by Kazumasa Kawasaki
Machines 2025, 13(11), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13110974 (registering DOI) - 22 Oct 2025
Abstract
Inconel 718 is a Ni-based superalloy with excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, high-temperature strength and high creep resistance. It is also known to be a difficult-to-machine material. Conventional machining methods have not only low machining efficiency, but also high cost and low versatility [...] Read more.
Inconel 718 is a Ni-based superalloy with excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, high-temperature strength and high creep resistance. It is also known to be a difficult-to-machine material. Conventional machining methods have not only low machining efficiency, but also high cost and low versatility using CBN and ceramic tools, so cost reduction and highly efficient machining by substituting relatively inexpensive cemented carbide tools are required. Some results on the tool life in milling for intermittent cutting for Inconel 718 superalloy have been reported, and the tool life has been considered a problem. Therefore, there is a need to clarify the basic characteristics of milling, such as tool wear and adhesion conditions, and to identify long tool life and highly efficient cutting conditions in order to achieve highly efficient milling of Inconel 718 superalloy. In this study, the milling of Inconel 718 superalloy was conducted using an end mill with a constant depth of cut, and milling efficiency was defined as the table feed rate of the milling machine in mm/min. The tool wear, welding condition, and surface roughness of the workpiece were evaluated according to the combination of cutting speed and feed rate per edge, with a milling efficiency of 800 mm/min. The experimental results showed that with the combination of a cutting speed of 10.33 m/min and feed rate of 0.4 mm/tooth, and the combination of 20.65 m/min and 0.4 mm/tooth, when there was a lower cutting speed and higher feed rate per edge, less weld detachment occurred, less progression of flank wear, and less chipping occurred, and the tool edge was more stable. It was also confirmed that, by keeping the cutting speed constant and increasing the feed rate per edge, both long tool life and highly efficient milling were possible under the above conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Surface Integrity with Machining and Milling)
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