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Life
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Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology

A Special Issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729) belonging to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 July 2026) | Viewed by 16536

Editor

Dr. Vasileios Pergialiotis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: gynecological malignancies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As we navigate the dynamic landscape of healthcare, the fields of obstetrics and gynecology stand at the forefront of innovation and patient care. With an increasing demand for personalized and evidence-based approaches to women's health, it has become imperative for us to explore advanced research avenues that can address the unique challenges faced by women across all stages of their lives. This issue, "Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology", is dedicated to highlighting the groundbreaking work being performed in this vital area.

The past decade has witnessed remarkable advancements in technology and science, impacting how obstetricians and gynecologists diagnose, treat, and manage conditions. From minimally invasive surgical techniques to the use of artificial intelligence in prenatal care, the potential to enhance patient care has never been greater. These innovations may help offer not only improved safety and efficacy but also a more compassionate approach to care, respecting the individual needs and preferences of women.

Research initiatives focusing on reproductive health, maternal–fetal medicine, and gynecological cancers are particularly compelling. The integration of genetics, biomarkers, and novel therapeutic approaches is promising for early detection and tailored treatment strategies. The importance of addressing the social determinants of health cannot be overlooked, as advanced research must also encompass the disparities faced by underserved populations. It is essential to foster inclusivity in clinical studies to ensure that findings are applicable to diverse groups of women. Understanding the cultural, socioeconomic, and geographic factors influencing women's health outcomes is crucial for developing targeted interventions that promote equity in healthcare.

This issue of "Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology" serves as a platform to not only share the latest findings but also spark discussions that challenge traditional paradigms and embrace new possibilities. Authors are welcome to submit their research in the form of original trials, reviews, or perspective articles on all potential fields of obstetrics and gynecology, with suggested topics including but not limited to advances in patient treatment in gynecologic oncology, minimally invasive surgery, perioperative patient management, novel strategies in prenatal care, and in vitro fertilization.

Dr. Vasileios Pergialiotis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obstetrics
  • gynecology
  • gynecologic oncology

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review, Other

16 pages, 565 KB  
Article
Transvaginal Uterine Fibroid Radiofrequency Ablation (TV-RFA): Retrospective Analysis and Preliminary Report
by Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska, Agnieszka Lach, Kinga Bednarek, Adrian Nowak, Adrian Mruczyński, Alan Bruszewski, Piotr Piekarski, Adam Malinger and Maciej Wilczak
Life 2025, 15(12), 1841; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15121841 - 30 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1375
Abstract
(1) Background: Transvaginal RFA is a minimally invasive treatment for myomas in women opting for uterus preservation. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transvaginal RFA to treat myomas, reduce symptoms, decrease myoma volume, and identify prognostic factors for [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Transvaginal RFA is a minimally invasive treatment for myomas in women opting for uterus preservation. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transvaginal RFA to treat myomas, reduce symptoms, decrease myoma volume, and identify prognostic factors for predicting treatment response. (2) Methods: The study group included 45 women treated for uterine fibroids at the Gynecological and Obstetrics Clinical Hospital in Poznań. From 1 July 2024 to 31 March 2025, a total of 45 transvaginal radiofrequency ablation (TV-RFA) procedures were performed. (3) Results: Ultrasound findings revealed that fibroid dimensions and volume significantly decreased at 1-month follow-up compared to those at pre-procedure (88.7 ± 116.3 vs. 64.6 ± 82.6 cm3; p = 0.003). Ultrasound findings demonstrated that fibroid depth (4.8 ± 2.1 vs. 4.1 ± 2.2; p = 0.01) and fibroid volume (88.7 ± 116.3 vs. 82.4 ± 93.9 cm3; p = 0.02) were significantly decreased at 3-month follow-up compared to their pre-procedure values. Menstrual bleeding duration showed significant differences between the pre-procedure state and 1-month follow-up (N = 23; T = 2; Z = 4.14; p < 0.001) and 3-month follow-up (N = 8; T = 1; Z = 2.38; p = 0.017), with a significant reduction after the RFA procedure. Significant differences were observed in bleeding severity at pre-procedure and at 1-month follow-up (N = 22; T = 11.5; Z = 3.73; p < 0.001); however, no significant differences in bleeding severity were noted at the 3-month follow-up (N = 7; T = 4; Z = 1.69; p = 0.09). These results should be interpreted cautiously due to the small number of patients with complete 3-month follow-up. (4) Conclusions: Transvaginal radiofrequency ablation is an effective, precise, and safe minimally invasive approach for treating uterine fibroids. These preliminary findings are promising but require confirmation in larger cohorts with longer follow-up. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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12 pages, 498 KB  
Article
Outcomes of Pregnancies with Absent or Hypoplastic Fetal Nasal Bone: A Retrospective Analysis of Prenatal Findings and Perinatal Outcomes
by Eva Karner, Lara Krepler, Petra Pateisky, Agnes Grill, Paul Dremsek, Guelen Yerlikaya-Schatten and Stephanie Springer
Life 2025, 15(8), 1215; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081215 - 1 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7293
Abstract
Hypoplastic or absent fetal nasal bone (NB) is a significant soft marker in the risk assessment for aneuploidies. This study aimed to evaluate prenatal findings and perinatal outcomes in fetuses with absent or hypoplastic NB managed at our center. This retrospective analysis was [...] Read more.
Hypoplastic or absent fetal nasal bone (NB) is a significant soft marker in the risk assessment for aneuploidies. This study aimed to evaluate prenatal findings and perinatal outcomes in fetuses with absent or hypoplastic NB managed at our center. This retrospective analysis was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics at the Medical University of Vienna and including all cases with an absent or hypoplastic fetal NB between 2004 and 2022. Clinical data were extracted and analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 149 cases were included. Of these, 51% had chromosomal abnormalities, with trisomy 21 present in 30.9%. Malformations were identified in 55% of cases, most commonly congenital heart defects (34.9%) and facial dysmorphism (28.9%). Eighteen fetuses (12.1%) had structural anomalies without genetic disorders. In 32.9% (n = 49), the NB anomaly was isolated. Our findings show that only half of the cases had chromosomal abnormalities, and over half of the pregnancies resulted in live births with generally favorable perinatal outcomes. However, the presence of additional ultrasound abnormalities significantly increased the risk of adverse outcomes. Therefore, detection of a fetal NB anomaly should prompt comprehensive ultrasound evaluation and genetic testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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Review

Jump to: Research, Other

16 pages, 262 KB  
Review
Cardiopulmonary Complications in Obese Patients with Gynecologic Cancer: A Narrative Review
by Maria Fanaki, Nikolaos Thomakos, Vasileios Lygizos, Antonia Varthaliti, Dimitrios Haidopoulos, Dimitrios Efthimios Vlachos and Vasileios Pergialiotis
Life 2026, 16(2), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16020323 - 13 Feb 2026
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Gynecologic cancer is a major global health burden, and improvements in screening, surgical techniques, and systemic therapies have significantly prolonged survival. As a result, cardiopulmonary disease has emerged as a leading non-cancer cause of morbidity and mortality among gynecologic cancer survivors. Obesity, which [...] Read more.
Gynecologic cancer is a major global health burden, and improvements in screening, surgical techniques, and systemic therapies have significantly prolonged survival. As a result, cardiopulmonary disease has emerged as a leading non-cancer cause of morbidity and mortality among gynecologic cancer survivors. Obesity, which is highly prevalent in this population, substantially increases cardiopulmonary risk by contributing to metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammation, and reduced cardiopulmonary reserve. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, and clinical spectrum of cardiopulmonary complications in obese patients with gynecologic malignancy. We review the contribution of obesity-related metabolic and endothelial dysfunction, cancer-associated hypercoagulability, and treatment-related toxicities, with particular emphasis on complications arising from surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Epidemiologic data demonstrate a markedly increased burden of cardiovascular and pulmonary disease in obese gynecologic cancer patients, including higher rates of myocardial injury, heart failure, venous thromboembolism, and postoperative respiratory complications. Surgical treatment, although central to oncologic management, imposes substantial cardiopulmonary stress, placing obese patients at heightened perioperative risk. Future studies should focus on preoperative risk stratification, optimization of obesity-related comorbidities, and multidisciplinary perioperative management, including enhanced recovery pathways, as well as appropriate use of high-dependency or intensive care monitoring to reduce morbidity and improve both oncologic and long-term non-oncologic outcomes in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Other

Jump to: Research, Review

11 pages, 1204 KB  
Case Report
Presumed Amniotic Fluid Embolism Complicated by Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation and Refractory Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Case Report and Narrative Review
by Yasmin Schäffter, David Schmidbauer, José Valles Fons, Helena Schäffter, Jonah Bosserhoff and Erika-Gyöngyi Bán
Life 2026, 16(7), 1207; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16071207 - 21 Jul 2026
Viewed by 607
Abstract
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but catastrophic obstetric emergency characterized by sudden cardiorespiratory collapse, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and a high case-fatality rate. Because no confirmatory test exists, the diagnosis remains clinical and one of exclusion. We report a case of [...] Read more.
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but catastrophic obstetric emergency characterized by sudden cardiorespiratory collapse, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and a high case-fatality rate. Because no confirmatory test exists, the diagnosis remains clinical and one of exclusion. We report a case of presumed AFE in a 39-year-old primigravida with uterine myomas, obesity, and chronic hypertension who underwent an elective primary cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. During manipulation of the placenta, the patient developed abrupt cardiovascular collapse requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with return of spontaneous circulation followed by profound coagulopathy and refractory uterine atony. Management included goal-directed transfusion within a massive transfusion protocol, uterotonic therapy, a failed B-Lynch suture, supracervical hysterectomy, and a subsequent right oophorectomy for an ovarian-vein hemorrhage identified on imaging. Laboratory studies demonstrated an overt consumptive coagulopathy consistent with the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) criteria, while a normal serum tryptase argued against an anaphylactic mechanism. The neonate was delivered in good condition (Apgar scores 9, 10, and 10 at 1, 5, and 10 min; umbilical-artery pH 7.38) and required no neonatal intensive care. The mother achieved full hemodynamic and neurological recovery. This case illustrates that survival from presumed AFE is achievable through early recognition, high-quality resuscitation, prompt correction of coagulopathy, and decisive surgical hemostasis, and it highlights the diagnostic reasoning required to distinguish AFE from its principal differential diagnoses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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23 pages, 900 KB  
Systematic Review
Exploring Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review
by Bianca-Margareta Salmen, Delia Reurean-Pintilei, Teodor Salmen and Roxana-Elena Bohîlțea
Life 2025, 15(9), 1369; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15091369 - 28 Aug 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5193
Abstract
(1) Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose metabolism disorder that typically develops in the second half of pregnancy, transforming a normal pregnancy into a high-risk condition, with both short- and long-term complications for the mother and the fetus. Achieving optimal glycaemic [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose metabolism disorder that typically develops in the second half of pregnancy, transforming a normal pregnancy into a high-risk condition, with both short- and long-term complications for the mother and the fetus. Achieving optimal glycaemic control during pregnancy is essential for preventing these outcomes and could be realized using continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMSs). This systematic review aims to evaluate the role of the CGMS as a potential diagnostic aid and predictor of maternal and fetal outcomes in GDM. (2) Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines (protocol ID: CRD42024559169), we performed a literature search using the terms “(continuous glucose monitoring system OR CGMS) AND (gestational diabetes mellitus OR GDM)” in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. (3) Results: Twelve studies were included, all reporting data on CGMS use in pregnancies complicated by GDM. The data included in our analysis are heterogeneous, the results suggesting that the CGMS may offer several advantages such as improved glycaemic control (by avoiding hyper- and hypoglycaemia), better gestational weight management, timely initiation of pharmacologic treatment, lower rates of preeclampsia, and improved neonatal outcomes. (4) Conclusions: the CGMS offers a more detailed assessment of both maternal and fetal exposure to high glucose levels, which could lead to earlier detection of those at risk for GDM complications and better guide treatment regimens, especially timely pharmacological intervention. While the current data are heterogeneous, reporting both limited or no benefits and superior benefits compared to the classic monitoring, larger longitudinal studies are mandatory to validate these findings and to better refine the role of CGMS in the monitoring and management of GDM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Research in Obstetrics and Gynecology)
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