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Life
Special Issues
Pulmonary Disease and Transplant Pathology: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis
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Pulmonary Disease and Transplant Pathology: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis

A Special Issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729) belonging to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 January 2027 | Viewed by 1713

Editors

Dr. Katharina Wassilew

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Information and Telecommunication Technology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: histopathology; heart and lung
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Izidor Kern

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cytology and Pathology Laboratory, University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, 4204 Golnik, Slovenia
Interests: lung cancer; pathology; IHC; malignant pleural mesothelioma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although the underlying mechanisms of human lung pathology leading to end-stage lung disease have historically been poorly studied, in recent years significant advances have been made, in particular using genomic approaches in addition to well-established investigative methods. Besides the three most common diseases causing end-stage lung disease, namely cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis and emphysema, other genetic and interstitial lung diseases have been defined. However, little is known about how the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to end-stage lung disease impact the pulmonary allograft and outcome of lung transplantation.

This Special Issue aims to showcase original research and reviews on the latest innovations in diagnostic tools to classify the underlying cause of end-stage pulmonary disease, the relevance for patient management, medical therapy, adverse events and the outcome of the pulmonary allograft in view of lung allograft dysfunction.

Through this Special Issue, we aim to provide a platform for clinicians, pathologists, researchers and other professionals to highlight advances and emerging trends in this field, enhancing knowledge and directing the development of biomarkers, including machine learning and artificial intelligence.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in the Journal of Respiration.

Dr. Katharina Wassilew
Dr. Izidor Kern
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • end-stage lung disease
  • lung transplantation
  • immunology
  • molecular testing
  • clinicopathological correlation
  • adverse events, outcome
  • emerging technologies

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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20 pages, 1616 KB  
Article
Early Pulmonary Stress During Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and Hypervolemia: Surfactant Protein A1 and Multi-Compartment Biomarker Responses in Rats
by Mert Canbaz, Halim Ulugöl, Gülsüm Karduz, Kübra Vardar, Mukadder Orhan Sungur, Evren Şentürk, Uğur Aksu, Pınar Fırat, Perihan Ergin Özcan, Fevzi Toraman, Mert Şentürk and on behalf of the Istanbul Research and Education in Anesthesia NETwork (IREANETwork) Experimental Working Group
Life 2026, 16(7), 1210; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16071210 - 22 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Conventional endpoints may overlook pulmonary biological stress during abdominal mechanical loading and volume expansion. This controlled experimental study evaluated whether intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), hypervolemia (HV), or their combination induces early pulmonary biochemical, permeability, oxidative–ischemic, inflammatory, and structural responses, with particular focus on surfactant [...] Read more.
Conventional endpoints may overlook pulmonary biological stress during abdominal mechanical loading and volume expansion. This controlled experimental study evaluated whether intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), hypervolemia (HV), or their combination induces early pulmonary biochemical, permeability, oxidative–ischemic, inflammatory, and structural responses, with particular focus on surfactant protein A1 (SP-A1). Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomized to Sham, HV, IAH, or IAH + HV groups. IAH was induced by CO2 pneumoperitoneum at 12–15 mmHg, and HV by 6% hydroxyethyl starch infusion until hematocrit decreased to approximately 25%; animals were followed for 120 min. Physiological variables, blood gases, wet-to-dry ratio, ATS-based histopathology, and biomarkers in plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and lung tissue were assessed. The dominant finding was a compartment-specific SP-A1 response: plasma SP-A1 was highest in the IAH group, whereas BAL fluid SP-A1 increased in both HV and IAH groups. These changes occurred without significant alterations in MAP, HR, SpO2, wet-to-dry ratio, or ATS lung injury score. Permeability index was higher in HV-containing groups, and sialic acid and oxidative–ischemic markers showed compartment-dependent changes, whereas TNF-α, IL-6, HA, and ANP did not differ significantly. These exploratory, hypothesis-generating findings suggest that SP-A1 may reveal early pulmonary epithelial/barrier stress before overt physiological or structural injury becomes apparent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Disease and Transplant Pathology: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis)
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26 pages, 1985 KB  
Systematic Review
Systematic Review of Antimicrobial Therapies and Clinical Outcomes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections
by Silvijus Abramavičius, Dalia Akramienė, Tashfeen Tashfeen, Dovilė Abramavičienė and Edgaras Stankevičius
Life 2026, 16(8), 1267; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16081267 - 31 Jul 2026
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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with diverse healthcare-associated infections and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This systematic review evaluated antimicrobial treatment regimens, clinical outcomes, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) considerations in P. aeruginosa infections. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE [...] Read more.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen associated with diverse healthcare-associated infections and increasing antimicrobial resistance. This systematic review evaluated antimicrobial treatment regimens, clinical outcomes, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) considerations in P. aeruginosa infections. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published between January 2000 and March 2026. Data on antimicrobial therapies, clinical and microbiological outcomes, and PK/PD parameters were extracted. Study quality was assessed using the NHLBI quality assessment tool. Narrative synthesis was performed for all eligible studies, and a quantitative meta-analysis was conducted for studies with standardized outcome data. Of the 982 records identified, 249 studies met the inclusion criteria, and 34 were included in the quantitative meta-analysis. The evidence base was highly heterogeneous regarding study design, patient populations, infection types, and treatment regimens. Respiratory infections, particularly in cystic fibrosis patients, accounted for most studies. Quantitative synthesis showed no consistent superiority of any antimicrobial regimen (or combination of them), while treatment outcomes were influenced by infection characteristics, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and PK/PD factors. No universally superior antimicrobial regimen was identified for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Some novel and promising treatment options have been identified, such as anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS monoclonal antibody panobacumab and inhaled Clostridium butyricum delivered via oxygen-driven nebulization. Two novel treatment modalities did not yield a clinically relevant effect, namely, the bispecific monoclonal antibody MEDI3902 (gremubamab) and the IC43 Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine. Treatment effectiveness appears to depend on clinical context, antimicrobial susceptibility, and PK/PD considerations, highlighting the need for further standardized research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pulmonary Disease and Transplant Pathology: From Molecular Mechanisms to Diagnosis)
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