Background: Adults on maintenance haemodialysis carry a high burden of cognitive impairment, white-matter injury and stroke, part of which may be delivered by the treatment itself. We examined how cerebral perfusion and oxygenation change across a se...
Objective: To synthesize the evidence on patient education across the chronic kidney disease (CKD) course, distinguish educational outcomes from treatment uptake and propose an Assess–Support–Reassess (ASR) approach. Methods: This focused...
Disturbances in calcium and phosphate homeostasis are central to chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), yet patients with advanced CKD or end-stage kidney disease may develop different skeletal and extraskeletal phenotypes...
Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (DiTMA) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ injury, most frequently involving the kidney. Diagnosis remains chall...
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly attributed to diabetes and hypertension and induces bone mineral density (BMD) losses, resulting in health implications. Objective: To detect CKD in patients with diabetes and/or hypertension and t...
Background: Cardiorenal syndrome requires coordinated cardiology–nephrology management, but timely multidisciplinary input is often difficult to achieve in routine inpatient care. Smartphone-based messaging platforms such as WhatsApp are widely...
Background: Pruritus is a frequently encountered problem in patients undergoing hemodialysis and may negatively affect sleep quality. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between pruritus and sleep quality in patients undergoing hem...
Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often experience significant symptom burden and reduced quality of life (QoL). This study compared these outcomes between hemodialysis (HD) and non-dialysis (ND) ESKD patients in India. Method...
Background: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor implicated in multiple complications of end-stage renal disease. This study evaluated the predictive value of baseline plasma ET-1 for 18-month all-cause mortality in Vietnamese hemodialysis...
Background: We evaluated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody response following seven doses of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients undergoing hemodialysis and investigated factors associated with antibody levels after the fifth, si...
High cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and elevated plasma homocysteine are non-traditional cardiovascular biomarkers associated with adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease. This study evaluated the 3-year all-cause mortality rate and the progno...
Background: Chloride is the principal extracellular anion but is seldom used in risk assessment in kidney disease, where attention centres on sodium and potassium. Individual cohorts have linked abnormal serum chloride to mortality, but the evidence...
Background: Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) experience substantial dialysis-related symptoms and medication non-adherence that negatively impact clinical outcomes, yet these remain understudied in Oman and other Middle East countries. Objectives...
Background: Cardiovascular complications majorly drive mortality across the spectrum of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study evaluated serum Galectin-3 levels across chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages and their association with microinflammation...
This study presents a slide-based video cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-informed psychoeducational intervention for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients. The intervention addresses the lack of mental healthcare...
Background: Contrast media are essential tools in diagnostic and interventional imaging, but their relationship with acute kidney injury remains clinically relevant and conceptually debated. This narrative review aimed to synthesize current evidence...
Background: Glycemic variability (GV) may play an important role in metabolic outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT). This study aimed to evaluate the association between early post-transplant GV, assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM),...
Anemia management in chronic kidney disease patients is a significant challenge for modern healthcare professionals. Anemia in chronic kidney disease patients has multiple causes, which include erythropoietin deficiency, abnormal iron metabolism, res...
Severe metabolic acidosis is a frequent finding in the intensive care unit (ICU) and a critical marker of clinical severity and organ dysfunction, closely linked to acute kidney injury (AKI) due to shared physiological mechanisms and the loss of the...
Background: Renal artery resistive index (RI) may reflect renal–vascular adaptation in preterm neonates, but its ability to distinguish early hypertension from acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain. Methods: This prospective cohort study...
Peritoneal ultrafiltration failure is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis and a common cause of technique failure often leading to hemodialysis. Chronic exposure to glucose-based dialysate contributes to inflammation, fibrosis, and peritoneal...
Background: Ergothioneine is a diet-derived antioxidant with a specific membrane transporter that uptakes it into tissues susceptible to oxidative stress. We previously found that efficient dialytic clearance leads to marked ergothioneine depletion i...
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a growing public health concern in Oman, with an increasing number of adults requiring hemodialysis and facing complex dietary restrictions. Adequate nutrition knowledge and nutrition literacy are essential for effe...
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS). The remission rate of MN remains limited, and effective strategies for refractory MN are not established. We present the case of a 49-year-old Japanese woman with severe NS ca...
Life expectancy among older adults undergoing hemodialysis (HD) has increased, yet more than 70% experience physical frailty or pre-frailty before progressing to severe disability. Declines in social functioning in this population have also been asso...
Growing recognition of the gut–kidney axis has revealed that gut dysbiosis and altered mucosal immunity are intimately intertwined with acute kidney injury (AKI). Gut changes following AKI, including dysbiosis and associated altered metabolites...
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease, although delayed graft function remains a frequent early complication with important clinical implications. Because early graft recovery depends on adequate perfusion, car...
Background: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is released in response to increased cardiac wall stress and is used as a biomarker for volume overload and heart failure (HF). It is also elevated in atrial fibrillation (AF) and infl...
Background: Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is a frequent and potentially severe complication following parathyroidectomy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and secondary (SHPT) or tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT). We aimed to identify preop...
Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis, characterized by immune dysregulation and progressive renal injury. Among immunoregulatory mediators, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-27 (IL-27) have been implicat...
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease represents a significant global health burden, with dialysis as the most prevalent modality for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treatment. One of the major causes of ESKD is diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients un...
Dengue remains a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Latin America. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the severe complications associated with dengue and has been linked to worse clinical outcomes, inclu...
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic vasculitis frequently associated with serum anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), particularly anti-proteinase 3 (PR3). Multisystem involvement is typical, although disease onset with sim...
Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) that transform competencies into distinct, assessable clinical tasks have not yet been developed for US nephrology fellowships. We created and achieved consensus on a set of nephrology-specific E...
Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a major complication of end-stage renal disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Sclerostin, an osteocyte-derived glycoprotein that inhibits the Wnt/β-c...
Malaria remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly recognized as a frequent and severe complication of pediatric severe malaria, yet it remains largely underdiagn...
Background: Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is characterised as pruritus in individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) without a discernible alternative etiology. This study assessed the prevalence, severity, and effec...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health burden associated with substantially increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death across all stages of CKD. Over the past few decades, seve...
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) impairs kidney transplants. Diazepam can reduce IRI through peripheral benzodiazepine receptors. We aimed to evaluate the effect of diazepam premedication on the IRI of the rat kidney. Methods: Fourteen d...
Eryptosis is a programmed cellular death that leads to the removal of defective red blood cells (RBCs). It is driven by convergent intracellular pathways centered on cytosolic Ca2+ overload, ceramide formation, caspase and calpain activation, disrupt...
Background/Objectives: Candidates with cardiometabolic risk are considered for living kidney donation more frequently because of the global organ shortage. The 2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines introduced individualize...
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy and safety of medical interventions. However, the interpretation of their results is often obscured by an overreliance on relative measures of effect, such as relat...
Gender medicine represents a key paradigm for advancing equitable and effective healthcare by systematically integrating sex- and gender-related differences into medical research and clinical practice. Despite regulatory efforts and international gui...
Social determinants of health (SDoH) are non-medical factors shaped by the socioeconomic status of individuals or communities that influence the onset and progression of diseases and affect their outcomes. We have narratively analyzed the most import...
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease-associated Pruritus (CKD-aP) is a frequent, debilitating, and often underestimated symptom in clinical practice, with significant impacts on quality of life, sleep, mental health, and therapeutic adherence. This stu...
Background: Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) has been associated with reduced delayed graft function compared with static cold storage (SCS). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences during cold preservation remain incomplete...
Accurate dry weight assessment is crucial for hemodialysis (HD) fluid management, yet traditional clinical methods often lack precision. A significant scientific gap exists in the availability of a standardized multimodal framework for integrating ob...
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a monogenic autoinflammatory disease in which renal involvement is a major determinant of prognosis and is classically dominated by amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis. Non-amyloid renal manifestations are uncommon and po...
Introduction: Glucocorticoid (GC)-sparing treatment strategies, such as the C5a receptor antagonist avacopan, could potentially replace the need for long-term GC therapy in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Therefore, an assessment of GC-related morb...
