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Novel Technologies for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections
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Novel Technologies for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 28033

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marisa H. Miceli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Interests: infections, especially fungal infections in the immunocompromised host with special interest in invasive aspergillosis and endemic fungal infections and in stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients; the clinical application of novel technologies for diagnosis of fungal infections; clinical trials on new agents for treatment of fungal infections
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few years, there has been a surge in nonculture tools aimed at a more timely and accurate diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). This Special Issue is designed to provide an update on the latest clinical and translational developments of nonculture diagnostic tools for the diagnosis of IFIs. Special topics will include clinical applications of T2MR technology for the diagnosis of Candida species infections, the use of B-D-glucan in diagnostic stewardship programs, new strategies for the use of Aspergillus galactomannan for the early diagnosis of IPA in patients with hematological malignancies, novel tools for the rapid diagnosis of IPA (specifically Aspergillus lateral flow device and Aspergillus Galactomannan lateral flow assay), clinical applications of Aspergillus PCR and current status or immuno-PET /MR imaging research for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis. Authors who are experts in those subfields and who are actively researching these topics and leading the charge to improve the current diagnostic and clinical states are cordially invited to submit to this Special Issue.

Dr. Marisa H. Miceli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diagnosis
  • nonculture diagnostic tools
  • invasive fungal infections
  • clinical applications
  • T2MR technology
  • B-D-glucan
  • novel tools for the rapid diagnosis of IPA
  • Aspergillus galactomannan
  • Candida species

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 715 KiB  
Article
Clinical Characteristics and Relevance of Oral Candida Biofilm in Tongue Smears
by Eunae Cho, YounJung Park, Ki-Yeol Kim, Dawool Han, Hyun Sil Kim, Jeong-Seung Kwon and Hyung-Joon Ahn
J. Fungi 2021, 7(2), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7020077 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 18082
Abstract
Dimorphic Candida exist as commensal yeast carriages or infiltrate hyphae in the oral cavity. Here, we investigated the clinical relevance of Candida hyphae in non-pseudomembranous oral candidiasis (OC) by smears of tongue biofilms. We conducted a retrospective study of 2829 patients who had [...] Read more.
Dimorphic Candida exist as commensal yeast carriages or infiltrate hyphae in the oral cavity. Here, we investigated the clinical relevance of Candida hyphae in non-pseudomembranous oral candidiasis (OC) by smears of tongue biofilms. We conducted a retrospective study of 2829 patients who had had tongue smears regardless of OC suspicion. Clinical characteristics were evaluated using a novel method of assessing hyphae. Clinical factors (moderate/severe stimulated pain, pain aggravated by stimulation, tongue dorsum appearance and initial topical antifungal use) were highly significant in the high-grade hyphae group but were statistically similar in the low-grade hyphae and non-observed hyphae group, suggesting low-grade hyphae infection as a subclinical OC state. In addition to erythematous candidiasis (EC), a new subtype named “morphologically normal symptomatic candidiasis” (MNSC) with specific pain patterns and normal tongue morphology was identified. MNSC had a significantly higher proportion of moderate and severe stimulated pain cases than EC. Low unstimulated salivary flow rate (<0.1 mL/min) was found to be a common risk factor in MNSC and EC. In non-pseudomembranous OC, pain patterns were dependent on Candida hyphae degree regardless of tongue dorsum morphology. Morphologic differences seen in high-grade hyphae infection were not associated with systemic diseases or nutritional deficiencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections)
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Review

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13 pages, 677 KiB  
Review
T2Candida for the Diagnosis and Management of Invasive Candida Infections
by Lea M Monday, Tommy Parraga Acosta and George Alangaden
J. Fungi 2021, 7(3), 178; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7030178 - 3 Mar 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 4153
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis is a common healthcare-associated infection with high mortality and is difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms and limitations of culture based diagnostic methods. T2Candida, based on T2 magnetic resonance technology, is FDA approved for the diagnosis of candidemia and can [...] Read more.
Invasive candidiasis is a common healthcare-associated infection with high mortality and is difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms and limitations of culture based diagnostic methods. T2Candida, based on T2 magnetic resonance technology, is FDA approved for the diagnosis of candidemia and can rapidly detect the five most commonly isolated Candida sp. in approximately 5 h directly from whole blood. We discuss the preclinical and clinical studies of T2Candida for the diagnosis of candidemia and review the current literature on its use in deep-seated candidiasis, its role in patient management and prognosis, clinical utility in unique populations and non-blood specimens, and as an antifungal stewardship tool. Lastly, we summarize the strengths and limitations of this promising nonculture-based diagnostic test. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections)
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10 pages, 228 KiB  
Review
Current and New Perspectives in the Diagnosis of Blastomycosis and Histoplasmosis
by Kathleen A. Linder and Carol A. Kauffman
J. Fungi 2021, 7(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7010012 - 29 Dec 2020
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 5091
Abstract
The diagnosis of blastomycosis and histoplasmosis can be difficult for clinicians who rarely see infections caused by these environmentally restricted dimorphic fungi. Historically, the diagnosis of blastomycosis has been established by culture and sometimes by histopathologic identification. Currently, antigen detection in urine and [...] Read more.
The diagnosis of blastomycosis and histoplasmosis can be difficult for clinicians who rarely see infections caused by these environmentally restricted dimorphic fungi. Historically, the diagnosis of blastomycosis has been established by culture and sometimes by histopathologic identification. Currently, antigen detection in urine and serum has been shown to aid in the rapid diagnosis of blastomycosis, and newer antibody assays are likely to contribute to our diagnostic capability in the near future. The gold standard for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis has been culture of the organism from involved tissues, aided in some patients by histopathological verification of the typical yeast forms in tissues. Antigen detection has contributed greatly to the ability of clinicians to rapidly establish the diagnosis of histoplasmosis, especially in severely ill and immunocompromised patients, and antibody testing for Histoplasma capsulatum provides important adjunctive diagnostic capability for several forms of both acute and chronic histoplasmosis. For both of these endemic mycoses, novel molecular tests are under active investigation, but remain available in only a few reference laboratories. In this review, we provide a synopsis of diagnostic test options that aid in establishing whether a patient has blastomycosis or histoplasmosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections)
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